[摘要]"目的"通過生物信息學(xué)方法分析Shugoshin-1(SGOL1)在肺腺癌中的表達(dá)及預(yù)后價(jià)值。方法"從癌癥基因組圖譜數(shù)據(jù)庫中下載肺腺癌組織和正常組織的表達(dá)譜數(shù)據(jù)和臨床資料,并對SGOL1進(jìn)行表達(dá)差異分析和臨床相關(guān)性分析。使用R包“pROC”繪制受試者操作特征曲線(receiver"operator"characteristic"curve,ROC曲線)評(píng)估SGOL1表達(dá)對肺腺癌患者臨床診斷預(yù)測的準(zhǔn)確性;利用R包“survival”“survminer”和單因素及多因素Cox回歸分析評(píng)估SGOL1表達(dá)對肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的影響;通過檢索腫瘤免疫單細(xì)胞中心和TIMER2.0數(shù)據(jù)庫,分析肺腺癌中SGOL1的表達(dá)分布及與免疫細(xì)胞浸潤的關(guān)系;利用LinkedOmics數(shù)據(jù)庫對SGOL1及其共表達(dá)進(jìn)行功能富集分析;利用交互作用基因/蛋白質(zhì)檢索工具構(gòu)建SGOL1的蛋白質(zhì)–蛋白質(zhì)相互作用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。結(jié)果"與正常組織比較,腫瘤組織的SGOL1表達(dá)量顯著上調(diào)(Plt;0.001);與癌旁組織比較,腫瘤組織的SGOL1表達(dá)量顯著上調(diào)(Plt;0.001)。在肺腺癌的不同臨床病理分期中,與Ⅰ期比較,Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期的SGOL1顯著高表達(dá)(Plt;0.05)。ROC曲線顯示,SGOL1對肺腺癌患者具有良好的診斷效能,曲線下面積為0.959(95%CI:0.942~0.975)。SGOL1高表達(dá)組患者的總生存期、疾病特異生存期、無病生存期和無瘤間期均較SGOL1低表達(dá)組顯著縮短(Plt;0.05)。單因素及多因素Cox回歸分析結(jié)果表明,臨床分期(HR=1.629,Plt;0.001)和SGOL1表達(dá)水平(HR=1.447,P=0.002)與肺腺癌患者的預(yù)后較差相關(guān),可作為肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素。SGOL1表達(dá)水平與B細(xì)胞、CD4+T細(xì)胞和樹突狀細(xì)胞的浸潤水平呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(Plt;0.05),與巨噬細(xì)胞、CD8+T細(xì)胞和中性粒細(xì)胞的浸潤水平呈顯著正相關(guān)(Plt;0.05)。富集分析顯示,SGOL1可能在有絲分裂、細(xì)胞周期、p53信號(hào)通路和氨基酸代謝等途徑中發(fā)揮作用。蛋白質(zhì)-蛋白質(zhì)相互作用網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析提示SGOL1與CBX1、PPP2CA、PPP2R5C、CDCA8、ESPL1、PPP2R1A、BUB1、PPP2R5A、SGO2、CDC20等多個(gè)分子關(guān)系密切。結(jié)論"SGOL1在肺腺癌組織中高表達(dá),且與肺腺癌患者的預(yù)后較差相關(guān)。SGOL1可作為預(yù)測肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的生物標(biāo)志物之一。
[關(guān)鍵詞]"肺腺癌;SGOL1;預(yù)后;免疫浸潤;生物標(biāo)志物
[中圖分類號(hào)]"R734.2""""""[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]"A""""[DOI]"10.3969/j.issn.1673-9701.2024.15.001
Analysis"of"expression"and"prognostic"value"of"SGOL1"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"based"on"bioinformatics
LIU"Xiyao1,"LI"Ang2,"WU"Hongjiao2,"GUO"Liwen1,"ZHANG"Xuemei1,"2
1.College"of"Life"Science,"North"China"University"of"Science"and"Technology,"Tangshan"063210,"Hebei,"China;"2.School"of"Public"Health,"North"China"University"of"Science"and"Technology,"Tangshan"063210,"Hebei,"China
[Abstract]"Objective"To"study"expression"and"prognostic"value"of"Shugoshin-1"(SGOL1)"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"by"bioinformatics"method."Methods"Expression"profile"data"and"clinical"data"of"lung"adenocarcinoma"and"normal"tissues"were"downloaded"from"The"Cancer"Genome"Atlas"database,"and"expression"difference"and"clinical"correlation"analysis"of"SGOL1"were"performed."R"package"“pROC”"was"used"to"plot"receiver"operator"characteristic"(ROC)"curves"to"evaluate"accuracy"of"SGOL1"expression"in"predicting"clinical"diagnosis"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"patients."Effects"of"SGOL1"expression"on"prognosis"ofnbsp;"lung"adenocarcinoma"patients"were"evaluated"by"R"package"“survival”,"“survminer”"and"univariate"and"multivariate"Cox"regression"analysis."By"searching"Tumor"Immune"Single-Cell"Hub"and"TIMER2.0"databases,"expression"distribution"of"SGOL1"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"and"its"relationship"with"immune"cell"infiltration"were"analyzed,"functional"enrichment"analysis"of"SGOL1"and"its"co-expression"was"performed"by"using"LinkedOmics"database."Search"tool"for"the"retrieval"of"interaction"gene/proteins"was"used"to"construct"a"protein-protein"interaction"network"for"SGOL1."Results"Compared"with"normal"tissues,"expression"level"of"SGOL1"in"tumor"tissues"was"significantly"upregulated"(Plt;0.001)."Compared"with"paracancer"tissues,"expression"level"of"SGOL1"in"tumor"tissues"was"significantly"upregulated"(Plt;0.001)."In"different"clinical"and"pathological"stages"of"lung"adenocarcinoma,"compared"with"stage"Ⅰ,"expression"levels"of"SGOL1"in"stages"Ⅱ,"Ⅲ"and"Ⅳ"were"significantly"higher"(Plt;0.05)."ROC"curve"showed"that"SGOL1"had"a"good"diagnostic"efficiency"in"lung"adenocarcinom"patients,"with"area"under"the"curve"of"0.959"(95%CI:"0.942–0.975)."Overall"survival,"disease"specific"survival,"disease-free"survival"and"progression"free"interval"of"high"expression"group"of"SGOL1"were"significantly"shorter"than"those"of"low"expression"group"of"SGOL1"(Plt;0.05)."Univariate"and"multivariate"Cox"regression"analysis"showed"that"clinical"stage"(HR=1.629,"Plt;0.001)"and"SGOL1"expression"level"(HR=1.447,"P=0.002)"were"associated"with"poor"prognosis"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"patients."It"can"be"used"as"an"independent"risk"factor"for"the"prognosis"of"lung"adenocarcinoma"patients."Expression"level"of"SGOL1"was"negatively"correlated"with"infiltration"level"of"B"cells,"CD4+T"cells"and"dendritic"cells"(Plt;0.05)."Expression"level"of"SGOL1"was"positively"correlated"with"infiltration"level"of"macrophages,"CD8+T"cells"and"neutrophils"(Plt;0.05)."Enrichment"analysis"showed"that"SGOL1"may"play"role"in"mitosis,"cell"cycle,"p53"signaling"pathway"and"amino"acid"metabolism"pathways."Analysis"of"protein-protein"interaction"network"suggests"that"SGOL1"was"closely"related"to"multiple"molecules"such"as"CBX1,"PPP2CA,"PPP2R5C,"CDCA8,"ESPL1,"PPP2R1A,"BUB1,"PPP2R5A,"SGO2,"CDC20,"etc."Conclusion"SGOL1"is"highly"expressed"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"tissues,"and"it"is"associated"with"poorer"prognosis"in"lung"adenocarcinoma"patients."SGOL1"can"be"used"as"one"of"prognostic"biomarkers"for"lung"adenocarcinoma"patients.
[Key"words]"Lung"adenocarcinoma;"SGOL1;"Prognosis;"Immune"infiltration;"Biomarkers
肺腺癌是癌癥患者死亡最主要的原因之一,嚴(yán)重威脅全球范圍的人類生命安全[1]。盡管針對肺腺癌患者的治療方法在持續(xù)更新,但患者的治療效果仍相對較差,預(yù)后生存時(shí)間未得到明顯改善[2]。因此,探索有效的預(yù)后生物標(biāo)志物和潛在的治療靶點(diǎn)對改善肺腺癌患者預(yù)后、推進(jìn)精準(zhǔn)治療具有重要意義。
Shugoshin-1(SGOL1)作為編碼染色體分離所需的重要基因,常在有絲分裂和減數(shù)分裂中發(fā)揮重要作用[3]。研究表明,SGOL1的缺失可使姐妹染色單體過早解離,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致有絲分裂停止[4-5]。目前已發(fā)現(xiàn)SGOL1在多種惡性腫瘤的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮作用,包括SGOL1在前列腺癌細(xì)胞中表達(dá)上調(diào),通過Akt介導(dǎo)的信號(hào)通路誘導(dǎo)前列腺癌的增殖和轉(zhuǎn)移[3]。全基因組CRISPR篩選結(jié)果顯示,SGOL1可作為索拉非尼治療肝癌的藥物靶點(diǎn),且SGOL1變體B可導(dǎo)致非小細(xì)胞肺癌細(xì)胞有絲分裂異常并對紫杉醇藥物產(chǎn)生抗性[6]。雖然目前有對SGOL1的相關(guān)研究,但SGOL1對肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的影響及其作用機(jī)制鮮有報(bào)道。本研究采用生物信息學(xué)分析方法探究SGOL1在肺腺癌中的表達(dá)水平及預(yù)后價(jià)值,并分析SGOL1與免疫細(xì)胞浸潤之間的關(guān)系和可能參與的潛在信號(hào)通路,為SGOL1作為肺腺癌的潛在預(yù)后生物標(biāo)志物提供新的線索和理論依據(jù)。
1""材料與方法
1.1""數(shù)據(jù)資料的獲取
在線數(shù)據(jù)庫UCSC"Xena(https://xenabrowser.net/"datapages/)下載癌癥基因組圖譜(The"Cancer"Genome"Atlas,TCGA)數(shù)據(jù)庫中的513例肺腺癌組織樣本和109例肺正常組織樣本(其中包括58例癌旁組織)的表達(dá)譜數(shù)據(jù)(TCGA-肺腺癌),經(jīng)Toil流程統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化處理為TPM格式;同時(shí)下載肺腺癌樣本對應(yīng)的臨床資料,包括年齡、性別、種族、生存時(shí)間和臨床分期等。
1.2""SGOL1差異表達(dá)及臨床特征分析
采用t檢驗(yàn)分析SGOL1在配對肺腺癌組織中的差異表達(dá);Wilcoxon秩和檢驗(yàn)分析SGOL1在非配對肺腺癌組織中和不同臨床分期樣本中的差異表達(dá)。使用R包“pROC”繪制受試者操作特征曲線(receiver"operating"characteristic"curve,ROC曲線)評(píng)估SGOL1在肺腺癌臨床診斷中的預(yù)測潛力。所有結(jié)果使用“ggplot2”R包進(jìn)行可視化。
1.3""生存預(yù)后分析
為揭示SGOL1表達(dá)對患者生存的影響,本研究基于SGOL1表達(dá)的中位數(shù)將肺腺癌患者分為兩組。高于中位數(shù)的患者被歸類為SGOL1高表達(dá)組,低于中位數(shù)的患者被歸類為SGOL1低表達(dá)組。通過提取TCGA-肺腺癌數(shù)據(jù)集中每個(gè)樣本的生存信息,探索SGOL1表達(dá)與肺腺癌患者生存預(yù)后的關(guān)系,包括患者的總生存期(overall"survival,OS)、疾病特異生存期(disease"specific"survival,DSS)、無病生存期(disease-free"survival,DFS)和無瘤間期(progression"free"interval,PFI)。并采用R程序包“survival”和“survminer”對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,繪制生存曲線。此外,通過單因素和多因素Cox回歸分析評(píng)估SGOL1表達(dá)、年齡、性別和臨床分期對肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的影響,以確定是否可作為獨(dú)立的預(yù)后因素。采用R程序包“forestplot”繪制森林圖,計(jì)算變量間的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比(hazard"ratio,HR)、95%置信區(qū)間(confidence"interval,CI)和P值。
1.4""腫瘤免疫浸潤及免疫檢查點(diǎn)的相關(guān)性分析
腫瘤免疫單細(xì)胞中心數(shù)據(jù)庫(http://tisch.comp-"genomics.org/home/)分析SGOL1表達(dá)在單細(xì)胞水平上的細(xì)胞類群變化,利用“Dataset”模塊在獲取的單細(xì)胞數(shù)據(jù)集(GSE148071)中分析SGOL1在不同細(xì)胞類群上的分布。TIMER2.0數(shù)據(jù)庫是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)分析癌癥與免疫細(xì)胞浸潤相關(guān)性的綜合型數(shù)據(jù)庫[7]。應(yīng)用TIMER2.0數(shù)據(jù)庫中“Immune"Association”下的“Gene”模塊評(píng)估SGOL1表達(dá)與肺腺癌組織中的免疫細(xì)胞浸潤之間的相關(guān)性。此外,通過Pearson相關(guān)性分析評(píng)估SGOL1的表達(dá)水平與免疫檢查點(diǎn)基因之間的關(guān)系。
1.5""基因功能富集分析
LinkedOmics數(shù)據(jù)庫(https://www.linkedomics.org/"login.php)分析SGOL1在肺腺癌中的潛在功能作用。通過LinkedOmics數(shù)據(jù)庫中的功能模塊,使用“Pearson相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)”模塊對SGOL1的共表達(dá)基因進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,并通過“Link"Interpreter”模塊對SGOL1的共表達(dá)基因進(jìn)行京都基因與基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫(Kyoto"Encyclopedia"of"Genes"and"Genomes,KEGG)富集分析。
1.6""蛋白質(zhì)-蛋白質(zhì)相互作用網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析
交互作用基因/蛋白質(zhì)檢索工具(Search"Tool"for"the"Retrieval"of"Interaction"Gene/Proteins,STRING)數(shù)據(jù)庫(https://cn.string-db.org/)分析SGOL1的蛋白質(zhì)-蛋白質(zhì)相互作用(protein-protein"interaction,PPI)。在“Settings”模塊中設(shè)置篩選條件:互作網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型設(shè)置為“full"STRING"network”;最低互作分?jǐn)?shù)設(shè)為“medium"confidence"(0.400)”。同時(shí)在“Analysis”模塊進(jìn)行基因本體(gene"ontology,GO)分析,對SGOL1相互作用蛋白參與的生物過程進(jìn)行功能注釋。
1.7""統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS"23.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理。采用t檢驗(yàn)和Wilcoxon秩和檢驗(yàn)分析SGOL1的差異表達(dá)和臨床相關(guān)性。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier分析和Cox回歸分析。相關(guān)性分析采用Pearson相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)方法。所有R軟件包使用R(4.3.1版本)運(yùn)行。Plt;0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2""結(jié)果
2.1""SGOL1在肺腺癌中的表達(dá)情況
在非配對差異分析中,與正常組織比較,腫瘤組織的SGOL1表達(dá)量顯著上調(diào)(Plt;0.001),見圖1A;在58例配對樣本中,與癌旁組織比較,腫瘤組織的SGOL1表達(dá)量顯著上調(diào)(Plt;0.001),見圖1B。在肺腺癌的不同臨床病理分期中,與Ⅰ期比較,Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期的SGOL1顯著高表達(dá)(Plt;0.05),見圖1C。ROC曲線分析結(jié)果顯示,曲線下面積(area"under"the"curve,AUC)為0.959(95%CI:0.942~0.975),見圖1D。提示SGOL1對肺腺癌患者的臨床診斷具有良好的預(yù)測潛力。
2.2""SGOL1表達(dá)與肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的關(guān)系
Kaplan-Meier生存曲線顯示,SGOL1高表達(dá)組患者的OS(P=0.012,圖2A)、DSS(P=0.002,圖2B)、DFS(P=0.012,圖2C)和PFI(P=0.012,圖2D)均較SGOL1低表達(dá)組顯著縮短。單因素及多因素Cox回歸分析結(jié)果表明,臨床分期(HR=1.629,Plt;0.001)和SGOL1表達(dá)水平(HR=1.447,P=0.002)與肺腺癌患者的預(yù)后較差相關(guān),可作為肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素(圖2E、圖2F)。
2.3""SGOL1與肺腺癌免疫細(xì)胞浸潤和免疫檢查點(diǎn)的關(guān)系
SGOL1在單細(xì)胞水平上的細(xì)胞類群分布結(jié)果顯示,在肺泡細(xì)胞、基底細(xì)胞、上皮細(xì)胞等10個(gè)細(xì)胞類群中均觀察到SGOL1表達(dá),其中包括CD8+T細(xì)胞和巨噬細(xì)胞,見圖3A,提示SGOL1與肺腺癌組織中的免疫微環(huán)境密切相關(guān)。通過分析肺腺癌中SGOL1表達(dá)與免疫檢查點(diǎn)的相關(guān)性,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)共有13個(gè)免疫檢查點(diǎn)(CD274、CD276、CD70、CD80、CTLA4、ICOS、IDO1、LAG3、PDCD1、PDCD1LG2、TIGIT、TNFRSF9、TNFSF4)與SGOL1表達(dá)呈顯著正相關(guān)(Plt;0.05),9個(gè)免疫檢查點(diǎn)(CD27、CD40LG、CD44、CD48、HHLA2、LAGALS9、TNFRSF14、TNFSF14、TNFSF15)與SGOL1表達(dá)呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(Plt;0.05),見圖3B。SGOL1表達(dá)與免疫細(xì)胞浸潤的相關(guān)性分析顯示,SGOL1表達(dá)與B細(xì)胞(r=–0.249,P=2.20×10–8)、CD4+T細(xì)胞(r=–0.147,P=1.05×10–3)和樹突狀細(xì)胞(r=-0.089,P=0.0472)的浸潤水平呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與巨噬細(xì)胞(r=0.172,P=1.28×10–4)、CD8+T細(xì)胞(r=0.202,P=5.97×10–6)和中性粒細(xì)胞(r=0.255,P=8.92×10–9)的浸潤水平呈顯著正相關(guān),但與腫瘤純度無關(guān)(Pgt;0.05),見圖3C、圖3D。
2.4""SGOL1在肺腺癌中的通路富集分析和PPI網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析
LinkedOmics數(shù)據(jù)庫的分析顯示,在肺腺癌中共有6212個(gè)基因與SGOL1呈正相關(guān),7394個(gè)基因與SGOL1呈負(fù)相關(guān)(Plt;0.05),見圖4A。圖4B、圖4C展示與SGOL1正相關(guān)和負(fù)相關(guān)的前50個(gè)顯著共表達(dá)基因。對分析得到的共表達(dá)基因進(jìn)行KEGG通路富集分析發(fā)現(xiàn),SGOL1及其共表達(dá)基因顯著富集在細(xì)胞周期、p53信號(hào)通路和氨基酸代謝等途徑中,見圖4D。采用STRING數(shù)據(jù)庫構(gòu)建SGOL1的PPI網(wǎng)絡(luò)顯示,與SGOL1作用最為密切的前10個(gè)蛋白分別是CBX1、PPP2CA、PPP2R5C、CDCA8、ESPL1、PPP2R1A、BUB1、PPP2R5A、SGO2、CDC20,見圖4E。GO功能注釋顯示這些蛋白主要參與細(xì)胞的有絲分裂、減數(shù)分裂和染色體凝聚等生物過程(biological"process,BP),見表1。
3""討論
據(jù)2020年全球癌癥統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)告顯示,全球肺癌新發(fā)病例和死亡病例分別占惡性腫瘤新發(fā)及死亡病例的11.4%和18.0%[8]。肺癌是全球致死率排名首位的癌癥,其中肺腺癌是全球最常見的肺癌亞型[9]。肺腺癌因其惡性程度大、轉(zhuǎn)移率和侵襲性高等特征,致患者的預(yù)后差、生存率低[10-11]。近年來,隨著診斷、手術(shù)、放療和分子治療技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,肺腺癌患者的臨床預(yù)后顯著改善,但患者5年生存率仍處于較低水平[12]。因此,了解肺腺癌的分子機(jī)制并探索肺腺癌相關(guān)的預(yù)后生物標(biāo)志物極為重要。本研究分析SGOL1在肺腺癌組織中的表達(dá)水平及其預(yù)后價(jià)值,探究SGOL1可能參與的調(diào)控通路及與腫瘤浸潤免疫細(xì)胞的關(guān)系,探索SGOL1作為預(yù)后生物標(biāo)志物的可行性。
SGOL1是防止姐妹染色單體過早分離的關(guān)鍵蛋白[13]。研究表明SGOL1單倍體不足可導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤的染色體分離和基因的不穩(wěn)定性,從而引起腫瘤的形成[14-15]。此外,Yang等[16]通過一系列體外細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)測定發(fā)現(xiàn),抑制SGOL1表達(dá)可抑制腎癌細(xì)胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲,表明SGOL1表達(dá)的增加可導(dǎo)致腫瘤的形成。越來越多的證據(jù)表明,SGOL1對包括肺腺癌在內(nèi)的多種惡性腫瘤的發(fā)生和發(fā)展至關(guān)重要[17-19]。SGOL1單倍體不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致小鼠肝癌的發(fā)生[20]。Wang等[19]發(fā)現(xiàn)SGOL1可通過調(diào)節(jié)MRP1、Bcl-2和Bax基因增強(qiáng)胃癌細(xì)胞的多藥耐藥性。本研究首先對SGOL1在肺腺癌中的表達(dá)水平進(jìn)行差異分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)SGOL1在肺腺癌中的表達(dá)顯著高于癌旁正常組織。Matsuura等[17]在82對非小細(xì)胞肺癌組織樣本中檢測到SGOL1表達(dá)增加,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證本研究的分析結(jié)果。同時(shí)在臨床特征性分析中發(fā)現(xiàn),與臨床病理早期比較,SGOL1在臨床病理晚期中表達(dá)更高,ROC曲線顯示SGOL1對肺腺癌患者的臨床診斷具有良好的診斷效能。提示SGOL1在肺腺癌中可能發(fā)揮重要作用。此外,生存分析結(jié)果顯示SGOL1高表達(dá)與肺腺癌患者的不良預(yù)后有關(guān),SGOL1高表達(dá)患者的OS、DSS、DFS和PFI較低表達(dá)患者顯著縮短。先前的研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)SGOL1是肝細(xì)胞癌和乳腺癌患者的不良預(yù)后因素[21-22]。而單因素和多因素Cox回歸分析均顯示臨床病理分期和SGOL1表達(dá)顯著影響肺腺癌患者的預(yù)后,是肺腺癌患者預(yù)后的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素。提示SGOL1可作為肺腺癌患者的預(yù)后生物標(biāo)志物。
惡性腫瘤的發(fā)生和轉(zhuǎn)移均與腫瘤微環(huán)境密切相關(guān)[23]。本研究顯示SGOL1的表達(dá)與肺腺癌中的免疫檢查點(diǎn)相關(guān)基因和免疫細(xì)胞浸潤水平顯著相關(guān)。提示肺腺癌免疫微環(huán)境中的SGOL1表達(dá)上調(diào)可伴隨免疫逃逸的發(fā)生,從而促進(jìn)肺腺癌的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。此外,本研究還探討SGOL1的PPI網(wǎng)絡(luò)并對肺腺癌中的SGOL1共表達(dá)基因進(jìn)行富集分析,結(jié)果顯示,SGOL1的共表達(dá)基因主要顯著富集在有絲分裂、細(xì)胞周期、p53信號(hào)通路及氨基酸代謝等途徑中,提示該基因可能參與肺腺癌的增殖、分裂等過程,為后續(xù)肺腺癌的功能機(jī)制研究提供理論依據(jù)。
綜上所述,SGOL1在肺腺癌組織中表達(dá)上調(diào),且與肺腺癌患者的不良預(yù)后顯著相關(guān)。SGOL1與多種免疫細(xì)胞存在相關(guān)性,提示SGOL1可通過免疫細(xì)胞浸潤在肺腺癌的進(jìn)展中發(fā)揮作用。因此,本研究認(rèn)為SGOL1可作為肺腺癌患者預(yù)后評(píng)估的新生物標(biāo)志物。
利益沖突:所有作者均聲明不存在利益沖突。
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(收稿日期:2024–01–25)
(修回日期:2024–04–24)
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