交際性應(yīng)用文讀寫指南
——以建議信為例

廣東 王雪云

文體導(dǎo)讀

交際性應(yīng)用文是指用于實(shí)際交流和應(yīng)用場景的英語寫作形式，它主要用于涉及商務(wù)、教育等領(lǐng)域的日常溝通。交際性應(yīng)用文的特點(diǎn)是直接、簡潔，具有實(shí)用性和明確的目的性。常見的交際性應(yīng)用文包括倡議書、道歉信、建議信等。這些應(yīng)用文要求表達(dá)清楚，符合交際禮儀，以便有效地傳遞信息，達(dá)成交流目的。以下以建議信為例，歸納該類型語篇的文體特征。

策略導(dǎo)航

1.巧用審讀卡，梳理讀寫維度

審讀卡是一種有助于高效閱讀的工具，可以幫助我們系統(tǒng)地審查和分析英語建議信的不同要素。在建議信的讀寫過程中，我們可以借助審讀卡，從而高效完成讀寫活動(dòng)。

建議信讀寫活動(dòng)審讀視角

___審讀視角_____標(biāo)題_____作者_(dá)_________________體裁__________________關(guān)系語體目的_____要點(diǎn)段落結(jié)構(gòu)和____過渡詞審讀意圖______________________________迅速理解信件的主題__________________________________________________了解寫信人的身份和背景______________________________________________分析文章體裁，如倡議書、道歉信、建議信等，不同的體裁要使用不同的語言___了解寫信人和信件目標(biāo)讀者的身份和背景，確定雙方的關(guān)系_________________為達(dá)成寫作目的，寫信人應(yīng)采用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z體，如正式語體、非正式語體、學(xué)術(shù)語_______________體、文學(xué)語體、商務(wù)語體等分析寫信人寫建議信的目的以及為了達(dá)到目的而采用的語篇結(jié)構(gòu)、語言風(fēng)格_______________及其他寫作特色信件應(yīng)涵蓋實(shí)現(xiàn)交際目的所包含的全部信息，檢查要點(diǎn)是否齊備_____________關(guān)注每個(gè)段落的開頭和結(jié)尾以及過渡詞，理解作者的邏輯和組織信息的方式________________________________________________________________

2.巧用彩色筆，做好讀書筆記

借助彩色筆對(duì)文本中的不同部分進(jìn)行標(biāo)注。比如：用紫色筆標(biāo)注與寫作目的相關(guān)的句子，用綠色筆標(biāo)注與介紹和建議內(nèi)容相關(guān)的句子，用紅色筆標(biāo)注與細(xì)節(jié)支撐相關(guān)的句子，用黃色筆標(biāo)注表示期待答復(fù)的句子。寫作時(shí)，根據(jù)標(biāo)注的情況進(jìn)行仿寫。

素材導(dǎo)背

開篇點(diǎn)題陳述問題或需求提出建議I am writing to suggest...我寫信是想建議……I would like to offer a suggestion...我想提出一個(gè)建議……_______________May I make a suggestion regarding...?我能對(duì)……提出一個(gè)建議嗎？Could you kindly consider...?您是否可以考慮……？I believe it would be advantageous to...我相信……將會(huì)是有利的。Is there a possibility of...?是否有可能……？It would be greatly appreciated if...如果……，將不勝感激。_______________I would like to request that...我想請(qǐng)求……It would be beneficial/helpful if...如果……將會(huì)有益處/有幫助。It would be a good idea to...……是一個(gè)好主意。Have you considered...?你有沒有考慮過……？I would recommend...我建議……_______________One possible solution would be to...一個(gè)可能的解決辦法是……語篇環(huán)節(jié) 高頻表達(dá)______________________________

（續(xù)表）

（續(xù)表）

案例導(dǎo)練

My dearest Susan,

As your first day of high school approaches, I find myself overwhelmed by a mix of pride and nostalgia.It feels like just yesterday when I was dropping you off at the kindergarten, and now you're about to embark on this new and exciting chapter of your life.Although I am unable to be there with you physically, my love and support are with you on every step of the way.

High school is a time of tremendous growth and self-discovery, and I want to share some heartfelt advice with you based on my own experiences.First and foremost,remember the importance of cultivating a strong and virtuous character.The choices you make, the way you treat others, and your integrity (正直) will shape not only your academic success but also the person you will become.Be kind, compassionate, and empathetic towards others,for true strength lies in using your voice and actions to uplift those around you.

In addition, I cannot stress enough the significance of creating positive habits.Establish a routine that allows for dedicated study time, balanced meals, regular exercise, and enough rest.These small daily choices will have a profound impact on your overall wellbeing, ensuring that you have the energy and focus to do well in your studies and pursue your passions.

Furthermore, I encourage you to embrace responsibility wholeheartedly.Take ownership of your education and extracurricular activities.Set goals for yourself, both academically and personally, and strive to achieve them.Remember that success is not measured solely by grades but by your ability to take the initiative,overcome challenges,and grow as an individual.Embrace every opportunity for growth, even if it feels daunting or is outside your comfort zone.

Lastly,my beloved Susan,I want to wish you health,happiness,and academic success throughout high school.Take care of yourself, both physically and mentally.Seek help and guidance when needed, and never be afraid to ask questions or seek clarification.Remember that you are not alone in this journey; your father and I are here to support you, cheering you on every step of the way.

As you embark on this new adventure, my heart swells with love and pride for the big girl you are becoming.Cherish every moment,seize every opportunity,and never forget the values and lessons that have shaped you thus far.High school may have its ups and downs,but it is through perseverance and resilience that you will overcome any obstacles you encounter.

With all my love and blessings！

Mom

一、審讀預(yù)熱

角色分析___文章體裁___寫信背景___人稱應(yīng)用核心建議重要期待總結(jié)與重申邏輯關(guān)系詞?寫信人：Mom______________?目標(biāo)讀者：Susan（女兒）建議信_(tái)______________________________________________________________在蘇珊成為高一新生之際，母親在異地寫信以表達(dá)關(guān)愛、支持和建議__________第一人稱_____________________________________________________________?cultivate a strong and virtuous character?create positive habits?embrace responsibility wholeheartedly health,happiness,and academic success throughout high school?cherish every moment?seize every opportunity?never forget the values and lessons?perseverance and resilience?first and foremost?in addition?furthermore?lastly

二、閱讀自測

三、語言汲取

（一）與建議有關(guān)的核心表達(dá)

情感支持和鼓勵(lì)

My love and support are with you on every step of the way.我的愛和支持與你同在，伴隨你的每一步。

Your father and I are here to support you,cheering you on every step of the way.你的父親和我都在這里支持你，為你路途中的每一步加油打氣。

As you embark on this new adventure, my heart swells with love and pride for the big girl you are becoming.當(dāng)你踏上這個(gè)新的冒險(xiǎn)之旅時(shí)，我對(duì)你正在變成如此了不起的女孩滿懷著愛和驕傲。

塑造品格和價(jià)值觀

Remember the importance of cultivating a strong and virtuous character.記住培養(yǎng)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)而品德高尚的人格的重要性。

Be kind,compassionate,and empathetic towards others.對(duì)待他人要友善、富有同情心并能與他人感同身受。

The choices you make,the way you treat others,and your integrity will shape not only your academic success but also the person you will become.你做出的選擇、對(duì)待他人的方式以及你的正直將不僅決定你的學(xué)業(yè)成就，也影響你的個(gè)性成長。

True strength lies in using your voice and actions to uplift those around you.真正的力量在于用你的言行鼓勵(lì)了周圍的人。

建立積極習(xí)慣

Establish a routine that allows for dedicated study time,balanced meals,regular exercise,and enough rest.建立一個(gè)能夠保證專注的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間、均衡的飲食、定期的鍛煉和充足的休息的日常安排。

These small daily choices will have a profound impact on your overall well-being,ensuring that you have the energy and focus to do well in your studies and pursue your passions.這些細(xì)小的日常選擇將對(duì)你的整體健康產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響，確保你有足夠的精力和專注力在學(xué)習(xí)上表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異并追求你的愛好。

擁抱成長和責(zé)任

Take ownership of your education and extracurricular activities.自主掌握你的學(xué)業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)。

Set goals for yourself,both academically and personally,and strive to achieve them.為自己設(shè)定學(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人目標(biāo)，并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)它們。

Success is not measured solely by grades but by your ability to take the initiative,overcome challenges,and grow as an individual.成功不僅僅是用成績來衡量的，也是根據(jù)你積極主動(dòng)、克服挑戰(zhàn)和個(gè)人成長的能力來衡量的。

注意身心健康

Take care of yourself,both physically and mentally.注意照顧好自己，無論是身體上還是心理上。

Seek help and guidance when needed, and never be afraid to ask questions or seek

clarification.在需要的時(shí)候?qū)で髱椭椭笇?dǎo)，永遠(yuǎn)不要害怕提出問題或?qū)で蠼忉尅?/p>

珍惜時(shí)光和堅(jiān)持不懈

Cherish every moment, seize every opportunity, and never forget the values and lessons that have shaped you thus far.珍惜每一刻，抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記迄今為止塑造了你的價(jià)值觀和經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。

It is through perseverance and resilience that you will overcome any obstacles you encounter.憑著毅力和韌性，你將克服你遇到的所有障礙。

（二）精彩表達(dá)

1.In addition, I cannot stress enough the significance of creating positive habits.此外，我再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)養(yǎng)成良好習(xí)慣的重要性也不為過。

本句中，“cannot...enough”是一個(gè)固定表達(dá)，意為“再……也不為過”。

2.Embrace every opportunity for growth, even if it feels daunting or is outside your comfort zone.擁抱每一個(gè)成長的機(jī)會(huì)，即使它看起來令人生畏或者超出了你的舒適區(qū)域。

本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，even if意為“即使……”，引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。

3.High school may have its ups and downs, but it is through perseverance and resilience that you will overcome any obstacles you encounter.高中生活可能會(huì)有起伏，但憑著毅力和韌性，你將克服你遇到的所有障礙。

本句使用了“It be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的對(duì)象為人時(shí)，也可將that換為who。

四、句式仿寫

1.你再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)置切實(shí)可行的目標(biāo)的重要性也不為過。

You _______________________the importance of setting realistic goals.

2.走出舒適區(qū)，嘗試新事物，即使它們一開始看起來有些不太可能。

Step out of your comfort zone and try new things, _______________________at first.

3.正是通過大量的實(shí)踐，你才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的愛好和優(yōu)勢。

_______________________you will discover your passions and strengths.

五、寫作實(shí)踐

假定你是李華，你的弟弟李明即將升入高一，請(qǐng)你給他發(fā)一封電子郵件，對(duì)他即將開始的高中生活提些建議。寫作要點(diǎn)：

1.你的建議；

2.你的期待和祝福。注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.至少需要使用兩個(gè)前文中解析過的句式和一種修辭。

My dearest Mingming,

Best regards.

Yours faithfully,Li Hua

評(píng)價(jià)導(dǎo)思

A self-assessment checklist for my letter of advice