讀寫語料庫之勞動生活

廣東 吳娟娟

美好的生活要靠勞動來創(chuàng)造，勞動教育是生活的必修課，它既可以培養(yǎng)孩子自理和自立的能力，也可以增強孩子的自信心和責(zé)任感。因此，我們不僅要引導(dǎo)孩子正確認(rèn)識勞動的價值，更要鼓勵他們積極參加勞動實踐，體驗生活，使他們通過勞動品嘗甜蜜的收獲，體味成長的喜悅。

本次讀后續(xù)寫之勞動生活專題將以一篇關(guān)于勞動與成長的小故事為例，闡述一般文學(xué)作品中比較常用的勞動教育的三個步驟：勞動前的認(rèn)知—勞動中的體驗—勞動成長后的感悟。

主題微語境

本文以奶奶提議孫子孫女們和她一起在后院種植蔬菜為線索展開，講述了祖孫兩代人一起勞動時的生活體驗以及收獲后孩子們的認(rèn)知變化和內(nèi)心感悟。

It was early spring and Nana was in the backyard with her grandchildren.Amy, Michael, and Justin were playing when Nana said,“I'm going to start planting my garden.Who wants to help me?”

“What are you going to plant, Nana?”asked Amy.“I like big,yellow sunflowers.”

“I'm going to plant vegetables.That way we can have them to eat when they are ready,”said Nana.

“How long does that take?”asked Michael.He liked vegetables sometimes,especially carrots.

“It will take a few months before anything is ready to eat,”answered Nana.The children were surprised.

“Months?Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?”asked Amy.“You should just go to the store and buy them.”

“Patience,my sweeties!Don't you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?”replied Nana.“And if all of you come to help,it won't be too much work.”

“I'll help you, Nana,”offered Justin.He put down the soccer ball and went to look at the gardening tools Nana had laid out.“What do we do first?”Michael and Amy came over to look,too.

Nana taught Justin how to use a trowel (小鏟子) to dig small rows of holes for the seeds.Next, Nana showed Amy how to pour the seeds into each hole.And it was Michael's job to cover up the holes with soil.Finally, Amy wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Justin pushed into the ground.“This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted,”said Nana.

When they had planted everything, the children took turns filling up the watering can so that Nana could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow.

“Now we just water them a little every day, and with some time and sunshine, we'll have some delicious things to eat in the summer,”said Nana.

Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden.Eager to help grow the vegetables well,they first took turns to water the plants.And then they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana's instruction if necessary.

As time went by, the plants were growing taller and stronger.When they noticed the tomatoes turning red, the cucumbers hiding under the green leaves and the peppers growing bigger, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds.Never had they looked forward to summer like this before.But they clearly knew that it's worthwhile to wait for the inviting results.

Finally, Nana said it was time for the first harvest.Hearing that, the children all jumped into the air and cheers filled the whole garden.Nana gave them each a basket and took them around the garden.Together they gathered some of the cucumbers,carrots,tomatoes and cabbages.Then for the following hour, they were busying making vegetable salad.The children helped wash the dirt off the food while Nana chopped up all the vegetables,which were turned into delicacies.

When Nana asked who wanted to try the fresh salad,everyone expressed their willingness excitedly.Tasting the salad, they thought nothing could be more delicious, because it was they who grew these vegetables.They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off.

一、勞動前的認(rèn)知

“How long does that take?”asked Michael.He liked vegetables sometimes, especially carrots.

“It will take a few months before anything is ready to eat,”answered Nana.The children were surprised.

“Months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?”asked Amy.“You should just go to the store and buy them.”

“Patience,my sweeties!Don't you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?”replied Nana.“And if all of you come to help,it won't be too much work.”“那需要多長時間？”邁克爾問。他有時喜歡吃蔬菜，尤其是胡蘿卜。“要過好幾個月才能吃到這些蔬菜。”奶奶回答。孩子們很驚訝。

“幾個月？您為什么愿意做那么多工作然后還要等這么久？”艾米問。“您應(yīng)該去商店買。”

“耐心點，我的寶貝們！難道你不知道自己種的菜味道最好嗎？”奶奶回答?！叭绻銈兌紒韼兔?，工作就不會太多。”

表1 勞動前的認(rèn)知表達

二、勞動中的體驗

Nana taught Justin how to use a trowel to dig small rows of holes for the seeds.Next,Nana showed Amy how to pour the seeds into each hole.And it was Michael's job to cover up the holes with soil.Finally, Amy wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Justin pushed into the ground.“This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we have planted,”said Nana.

When they had planted everything, the children took turns filling up the watering can so that Nana could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow.

“Now we just water them a little every day, and with some time and sunshine, we'll have some delicious things to eat in the summer,”said Nana.

奶奶教賈斯廷如何用小鏟子給種子挖出一排排小洞。接著，她又向艾米展示了如何把種子倒進每個洞里。邁克爾的工作就是用土把洞蓋起來。最后，艾米把蔬菜的名字寫在賈斯廷插在地上的小棍子上?！斑@樣我們就能記住我們種下了哪些蔬菜種子?！蹦棠陶f。

當(dāng)他們種完所有的種子后，孩子們輪流把灑水壺裝滿水，這樣奶奶就可以讓土壤變得又好又濕，種子就可以開始生長了。

“現(xiàn)在我們只需每天澆一點水，有了時間和陽光，夏天我們就有美味的東西吃了?！蹦棠陶f。

Whenever the grandchildren came to visit, they would dash into the garden.Eager to help grow the vegetables well, they first took turns to water the plants.And then they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana's instruction if necessary.每當(dāng)孫子孫女們過來時，他們都會沖進花園。因為他們迫不及待地想幫助蔬菜長得更好，所以他們首先輪流給植物澆水，然后他們會清除周圍冒出的雜草，必要時還會在奶奶的指導(dǎo)下施用有機肥。

As time went by, the plants were growing taller and stronger.When they noticed the tomatoes turning red, the cucumbers hiding under the green leaves and the peppers growing bigger, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds.Never had they looked forward to summer like this before.But they clearly knew that it's worthwhile to wait for the inviting results.隨著時間的流逝，這些植物長得又高又壯。當(dāng)他們注意到西紅柿變紅了，黃瓜藏在綠葉下，辣椒變大了時，他們的眼睛像鉆石一樣閃閃發(fā)光。他們從來沒有像現(xiàn)在這樣盼望夏天。但他們清楚地知道，等待這誘人的結(jié)果是值得的。

表2 勞動過程中的表達

三、勞動成長后的感悟

When Nana asked who wanted to try the fresh salad,everyone expressed their willingness excitedly.Tasting the salad, they thought nothing could be more delicious, because it was they who grew these vegetables.They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off.當(dāng)奶奶問誰想嘗嘗新鮮的沙拉時，每個人都興奮地表示愿意。品嘗著沙拉，他們覺得沒有什么比這更美味的了，因為這些蔬菜是他們自己種的。他們還學(xué)到了“眾人拾柴火焰高”和耐心是有回報的道理。

表3 勞動成長前后對比

句式微練習(xí)

一、特殊句式

續(xù)寫時采用多種不同的句式可以解決表達單一的問題，從而改變敘述節(jié)奏，使句式更豐富、表述更多變。

1.Don't you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself? (使用否定疑問句表達肯定的意思，表示強調(diào)語氣)

2.Never had they looked forward to summer like this before.(否定詞never位于句首的部分倒裝，表示強調(diào)和加強語氣)

3.Because it was they who grew these vegetables.(強調(diào)句型)即學(xué)即練

1.你難道不知道她下周要來？

____________________that she is coming next week?2.他們以前從沒碰到過這種情況。

____________________such circumstance as this.3.正是在這時母女之間的誤會消除了。

____________________was cleared up.

二、連貫動作的運用

分解動作能夠延緩故事節(jié)奏，從而表現(xiàn)人物的強烈情緒，構(gòu)建出電影慢動作般的畫面感。

He put down the soccer ball and went to look at the gardening tools Nana had laid out.（連貫動作的運用）

即學(xué)即練

1.馬克跳下自行車，沖到汽車后座，迅速關(guān)上門。

2.父親只是慈愛地拍了拍她的背，吻了吻她的額頭，然后沖進了他的辦公室。

三、從句的運用

運用定語從句給讀者提供相對全面的背景信息，運用賓語從句交代人物的心理狀態(tài)和內(nèi)心活動。

1.And then they would remove the weeds that popped up around the plants and apply organic fertilizer under Nana's instruction if necessary.(定語從句)

2.Amy wrote the vegetable names on sticks that Justin pushed into the ground.(定語從句)

3.But they clearly knew that it's worthwhile to wait for the inviting results.(賓語從句；it is worthwhile to do句型)

4.They all learned that many hands make light work and patience really pays off.(賓語從句)

即學(xué)即練

1.煙很濃，熏得他幾乎要暈倒。

The smoke was overwhelming ____________________.2.她感到非常害怕，想知道她們是否能活著出去。

She felt very frightened and wondered ____________________.

3.他們都相信為自己熱愛的事情而奮斗是值得的。

They all believe ____________________.

四、表示心理的形容詞或形容詞短語作狀語的運用

表示心理的形容詞或形容詞短語作狀語，表示原因、行為方式或伴隨狀態(tài)，比運用從句表達顯得更加簡明。

Eager to help grow the vegetables well,they first took turns to water the plants.(表示心理的形容詞短語作狀語)

即學(xué)即練

1.克魯索兩眼盯著腳印看，內(nèi)心充滿著恐懼。

Crusoe stared at the footprint, ____________________.

2.樂意接受這個建議，杰克點頭同意了。

____________________,Jack nodded his agreement.

五、非謂語和無靈主語的運用

非謂語不僅能表示不同的邏輯關(guān)系，還能使句內(nèi)語義更緊湊；無靈主語能突出人物的心理和情感，使語言描寫生動形象，表達更有力量。

1.Hearing that, the children all jumped into the air and cheers filled the whole garden.(非謂語作狀語；無靈主語)

2.Tasting the salad,they thought nothing could be more delicious.(非謂語作狀語)

3.When they noticed the tomatoes turning red, the cucumbers hiding under the green leaves and the peppers growing bigger, their eyes were sparkling like diamonds.(非謂語作賓補的并列；比喻修辭)

即學(xué)即練

1.恐懼籠罩了整個村莊。

2.落日見證了這座城市的美麗。

3.打開盒子，看到里面有一塊精美的手表，我的下巴都快掉下來了。

情境微仿寫

（改編自2021年新高考Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫）

The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day.1.____________________(母親會多么高興和自豪啊)when they brought her breakfast in bed.They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge.They had watched their mother in the kitchen.There was nothing to it.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.2.____________________(這一天終于到來了).The alarm rang at 6 am.The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.They decided to boil the porridge first.They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.3.____________________(杰夫在盤子里打了兩個雞蛋，加了一些牛奶).Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture.Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread.The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time,she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.

Then Jeff 4.____________________(注意到蒸汽從鍋里冒出來，蓋子開始搖晃).The next minute,the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.Jenna panicked.Thankfully,5.____________________(杰夫保持冷靜并迅速關(guān)掉了煤氣).But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.

As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.“Don't panic!”He handed each one a wet towel,6.____________________(幫助他們快速收拾殘局).After that, Jeff stammered out their plan, his face flushing.However, Father laughed,“Sounds great! I can teach you to cook.”At this, Jenna and Jeff almost jumped to their feet, joy in eyes.Under his careful guidance, it didn't take long before the French toast and chicken porridge were ready.Everything settled, Father left the kitchen,7.____________________(答應(yīng)保守秘密).

The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.8.____________________(與他們微笑的目光相遇),Mother felt confused until they presented the breakfast and said“Happy Mother's Day”.Mother gave them a tight hug.“Unbelievable! You can cook!9.____________________(這是我收到的最大的驚喜).”10.____________________(她喜笑顏開).“They have known how to take care of others,”Father said in response to her excitement, winking at Jenna and Jeff.They couldn't help giggling.It was a secret only shared between them.

語篇微演練

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。

The twins, Jenna and Jeff, were good at most things.Their dad was good at most things,too.But there was one thing the twins and Dad were not good at—that was chores.It wasn't that Dad and the twins didn't want to do their chores.It was just that they always seemed to have reasons not to do them.And they had such good excuses.

“You're right, my dear,”said Dad.“The grass does need cutting.But a spider has spun a wonderful web on the lawn mower and I haven't the heart to put all her hard work to waste.”

“Mum,”said Jenna,“I know it's my week to put up my cards.It's just that I'm waiting for them to dry.They'll be easier to scoop up that way.”

“Mum,”said Jeff,“may I skip setting the table tonight? There's a TV show on the Ice Age,and I have to do a report on the beast of Baluchistan.”

There were also endless quarrels about who did what and who got the easy job.Mum sighed.If only Dad and the twins were as good at doing their chores as they were at arguing about them, life would be easier.Talking of chores, Mum thought instead of pushing them for chores, it would be a lot easier to do them herself.And that was what she did.She put away all cards and set and cleared the table.She chased the dust bunnies from under the furniture and cleaned up the twins'messy room.

The twins did pick up and put away things occasionally.Dad did cut the grass once in a while.Not surprisingly, things began to slide.Everybody got a little unhappy, especially Mum,who spent much time doing chores.Something had to be done.But what?

注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

Paragraph 1:

Mum decided to host a family meeting.______________________________________

Paragraph 2:

Living in all that messy build-up wasn't much fun.______________________________