楊靖 謝群
[關(guān)鍵詞]原花青素;瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細(xì)胞;細(xì)胞增殖;細(xì)胞遷移;TLR4/MyD88通路
[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)]R619+.6? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]A? ? [文章編號(hào)]1008-6455(2021)11-0085-05
Effect of Procyanidins on the Proliferation,Migration and Tlr4/Myd88 Pathway of Keloid Fibroblasts
YANG Jing,XIE Qun
(Department of Plastic Surgery,Xiangyang Central Hospital,Xiangyang 441000,Hubei,China)
Abstract: Objective? To investigate the effect of procyanidins on the proliferation, migration and TLR4/MyD88 pathway of keloid fibroblasts. Methods? Culture 96-well (5×103 cells/well) KFs cells in vitro, and determine the half inhibitory concentration of proanthocyanidin by MTT method; 96-well (5×103 cells/well) KFs cells were randomly divided into control group, low-dose proanthocyanidin group, and proanthocyanidin medium The dose group and the high-dose proanthocyanidin group, each group has 24 holes (5×103 pieces/hole). The control group cells were not treated; the proanthocyanidin low, medium, and high-dose groups were treated with proanthocyanidins at final concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg/L respectively to interfere with KFs cells. After 24 hours, MTT method, flow cytometry and cell scratch method were used to detect the proliferation rate, apoptosis rate and migration ability of KFs cells, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of IL-23, IL-17A and IL-6 in KFs cells. Real-time fluorescent PCR and Western Blot method to detect TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB mRNA and protein levels in KFs cells. Results? As the concentration of proanthocyanidins increases, the proliferation rate of KFs cells decreases, and 50 mg/L is the half inhibitory concentration. Compared with the control group, the cell migration distance of the other groups decreased, and the apoptosis rate increased. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-23, IL-17A, IL-6, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the cells decreased, and with procyanidins With the increase of the dose, the changes in the indicators of each proanthocyanidin dose group showed a dose-response relationship, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion? Procyanidins can inhibit the proliferation and migration of KFs cells and promote the apoptosis of KFs cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.
Key words: procyanidins; keloid fibroblasts; cell proliferation; cell migration; TLR4/MyD88 pathway
瘢痕疙瘩是皮膚傷口愈合的病理反應(yīng),其特征是成纖維細(xì)胞的異常增殖和膠原的過(guò)度沉積,臨床表現(xiàn)為創(chuàng)面邊緣外的持續(xù)性腫瘤樣增生和鄰近組織侵犯[1]。瘢痕疙瘩的復(fù)發(fā)率高,許多治療方法包括切除和病灶內(nèi)注射皮質(zhì)類(lèi)固醇療效不令人滿(mǎn)意[2]。因此,亟需尋找有效治療瘢痕疙瘩的藥物。原花青素是從植物中提取出的生物類(lèi)黃酮,具有強(qiáng)抗炎和抗氧化作用,最早作為抗肝纖維化的藥物進(jìn)行研究,但對(duì)瘢痕疙瘩的作用研究尚未報(bào)道[3]。在纖維化的發(fā)病過(guò)程中,靜息狀態(tài)下的造血干細(xì)胞在外界因素的刺激下被激活轉(zhuǎn)化為成纖維細(xì)胞,并合成和分泌大量的細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)成分(Extracellular matrix components,ECM),導(dǎo)致纖維化[4]。臨床研究表明,纖維化通常伴有血清炎性細(xì)胞因子水平升高[5]。此外,越來(lái)越多的研究表明,脂多糖激活的Toll樣受體4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)信號(hào)通路在纖維化中起重要作用。TLR4可通過(guò)髓樣分化因子88(MyD88)蛋白激活核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子κB(Nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)信號(hào)通路,誘導(dǎo)炎癥反應(yīng)[6]。而炎癥反應(yīng)可導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞增殖增加,使細(xì)胞凋亡紊亂,進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)纖維化的發(fā)展[7]。因此,本研究檢測(cè)原花青素對(duì)瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細(xì)胞(Keloid fibroblasts,KFs)增殖和遷移的影響,并探討TLR4/MyD88通路在整個(gè)過(guò)程中的作用,為原花青素治療瘢痕疙瘩提供理論依據(jù)。
1? 資料和方法
1.1 主要試劑與儀器:原花青素(中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院藥物研究所);KFs細(xì)胞(中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海細(xì)胞庫(kù));胎牛血清和DMEM培養(yǎng)液(美國(guó)Hyclone公司);四噻唑藍(lán)(MTT)(美國(guó)Amresco公司);(Annexin)V-FITC細(xì)胞凋亡檢測(cè)試劑盒(江蘇凱基生物技術(shù)股份有限公司);白介素-23(Interleukin-23,IL-23)、白介素-17A(Interleukin-17A,IL-17A)和白介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)(南京建成生物工程研究所);Trizol(美國(guó)Invitrogen公司);mRNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒和熒光定量PCR試劑盒[寶生物工程(大連)有限公司];RIPA裂解液(北京索萊寶生物技術(shù)公司);TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB和β-actin抗體(美國(guó)Santa Cruz公司);辣根過(guò)氧化物酶標(biāo)記的IgG(北京中杉金橋生物技術(shù)有限公司);ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光液(美國(guó)GE公司);CO2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱和NanoDrop2000c型蛋白核酸檢測(cè)儀(美國(guó)Thermo公司);HBS-1096B酶標(biāo)儀(南京德鐵實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備有限公司);Real-time PCR擴(kuò)增儀(美國(guó)ABI公司);流式細(xì)胞儀和垂直電泳儀(美國(guó)BIO-RAD公司)。
1.2 細(xì)胞的培養(yǎng)和原花青素的半數(shù)抑制濃度的確定:在37℃、5%CO2的條件下用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)液培養(yǎng)KFs細(xì)胞,當(dāng)KFs細(xì)胞貼壁達(dá)到70%左右時(shí)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。將KFs細(xì)胞接種于96孔板中(5×103個(gè)/孔),待細(xì)胞貼壁后用不同濃度的原花青素(0、5、10、20、40、80、160mg/L)干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞干預(yù)20h后加入MTT(20微摩爾/孔),37℃繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)4h,離心棄上清液,每孔加入200μl二甲基亞砜,振蕩10min,用酶標(biāo)儀測(cè)定吸光度值(OD值),計(jì)算細(xì)胞增殖率[細(xì)胞增殖率=(實(shí)驗(yàn)組OD值-空白孔OD值)/(對(duì)照組OD值-空白孔OD值)],確定原花青素的半數(shù)抑制濃度。
1.3 細(xì)胞分組:實(shí)驗(yàn)將96孔(5×103個(gè)/孔)已培養(yǎng)好的KFs細(xì)胞隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組、原花青素低劑量組、原花青素中劑量組和原花青素高劑量組,每組24孔(5×103個(gè)/孔)。對(duì)照組細(xì)胞不進(jìn)行處理;原花青素低、中、高劑量組分別用終濃度為25、50、100mg/L的原花青素干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞,24h后進(jìn)行相關(guān)檢測(cè)。
1.4 流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞凋亡率:將KFs細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中(1×106個(gè)/孔),待細(xì)胞貼壁后按1.3干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞24h后收獲細(xì)胞,分別加入5μl膜聯(lián)蛋白(Annexin)V-FITC與碘化丙啶,充分混勻后室溫避光孵育20min,應(yīng)用流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)細(xì)胞凋亡率。
1.5 細(xì)胞劃痕法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞遷移能力:將KFs細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中(1×106個(gè)/孔),待細(xì)胞貼壁后,使用100?L移液管的尖端刮擦每個(gè)培養(yǎng)板中的細(xì)胞層,以劃出傷口;將細(xì)胞用磷酸鹽緩沖液(Phosphate buffer solution,PBS)沖洗劃痕,參照1.3中所述干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞24h后從每個(gè)劃痕傷口中隨機(jī)選擇5個(gè)視野,用顯微鏡下拍照,用圖像分析儀測(cè)量劃痕寬度。
1.6 酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay,ELISA)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞中IL-23、IL-17A和IL-6水平:將KFs細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中(1×106個(gè)/孔),待細(xì)胞貼壁后參照1.3中所述干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞24h后收獲細(xì)胞,加入2ml磷酸鹽緩沖液,用細(xì)胞超聲破碎儀處理30s,離心取上清,按試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞中IL-23、IL-17A和IL-6水平。
1.7 實(shí)時(shí)熒光PCR(Real-time fluorescence -PCR,RT-PCR)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB mRNA表達(dá):將KFs細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中(1×106個(gè)/孔),待細(xì)胞貼壁后按1.3干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞24h后收獲細(xì)胞,加入TRIzol進(jìn)行總RNA提取,根據(jù)mRNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒說(shuō)明書(shū),將總RNA轉(zhuǎn)化為cDNA,根據(jù)熒光定量PCR試劑盒說(shuō)明,用制備20ul反應(yīng)體系,反應(yīng)條件:93℃預(yù)變性40s;93℃變性10s,62℃退火1min,72℃延伸45s,共循環(huán)50次,最后一個(gè)循環(huán)后72℃延長(zhǎng)7min,采用2-△△Ct法計(jì)算TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量(以β-actin作為內(nèi)對(duì)照)。
1.8 Western Blot法檢測(cè)KFs細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB蛋白表達(dá):將KFs細(xì)胞接種于6孔板中(1×106個(gè)/孔),待細(xì)胞貼壁后按1.3干預(yù)KFs細(xì)胞24h后收獲細(xì)胞,用PBS洗滌兩次,加入RIPA 裂解液(100μl),裂解2h(4℃)離心取上清,得到總蛋白,采用BIO-RAD濕轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)SDS-PAGE 膠進(jìn)行電泳(20微克/孔),切膠、轉(zhuǎn)膜、封膜后將膜與TLR4(1︰200)、MyD88(1︰400)、和NF-κB(1︰500)進(jìn)行孵育,過(guò)夜(4℃),用辣根過(guò)氧化物酶標(biāo)記的IgG(1︰5 000)在室溫下孵育(30min),滴加ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光液進(jìn)行顯色,采集圖像進(jìn)行分析(以β-actin作為內(nèi)對(duì)照)。
1.9 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析:用SPSS 20.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果采用(x?±s)表示,多組比較采用單因素方差(One Way ANOVA)分析,多重比較用LSD-t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2? 結(jié)果
2.1 原花青素對(duì)KFs細(xì)胞增殖的影響:隨著原花青素濃度增加,KFs細(xì)胞增殖率降低,與0μmol/L比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。當(dāng)原花青素濃度為40mg/L時(shí),KFs細(xì)胞增殖率為41.53%,當(dāng)原花青素濃度為80mg/L時(shí),KFs細(xì)胞增殖率為30.68%,故選50mg/L作為半數(shù)抑制濃度(見(jiàn)圖1)。
2.2 原花青素對(duì)KFs細(xì)胞凋亡和遷移的影響:與對(duì)照組比較,其余各組細(xì)胞遷移距離降低,細(xì)胞凋亡率依次增加,且隨著原花青素劑量增加,各原花青素劑量組細(xì)胞凋亡率和遷移距離呈劑量反應(yīng)關(guān)系,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(見(jiàn)表1,見(jiàn)圖2~3)。
2.2 原花青素對(duì)KFs細(xì)胞中IL-23、IL-17A和IL-6水平的影響:與對(duì)照組比較,其余各組細(xì)胞中IL-23、IL-17A和IL-6水平降低,且隨著原花青素劑量增加,各原花青素劑量組細(xì)胞中IL-23、IL-17A和IL-6水平呈劑量反應(yīng)關(guān)系,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(見(jiàn)表2)。
2.3 原花青素對(duì)KFs細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB mRNA水平的影響:與對(duì)照組比較,其余各組細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB mRNA水平降低,且隨著原花青素劑量增加,各原花青素劑量組細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB mRNA水平呈劑量反應(yīng)關(guān)系,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(見(jiàn)表3)。
2.4 原花青素對(duì)KFs細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB 蛋白水平的影響:與陰性對(duì)照組比較,其余各組細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB蛋白水平降低,且隨著原花青素劑量增加,各原花青素劑量組細(xì)胞中TLR4、MyD88和NF-κB蛋白水平呈劑量反應(yīng)關(guān)系,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(見(jiàn)表4,圖4)。
3? 討論
創(chuàng)傷組織修復(fù)涉及多種病理機(jī)制,包括炎癥、組織形成和組織重塑。盡管瘢痕疙瘩是一種良性疾病,但它會(huì)侵襲鄰近的正常組織,甚至破壞其正常功能,被認(rèn)為是良性增生性皮膚腫瘤。KFs細(xì)胞在細(xì)胞增殖、遷移和侵襲中表現(xiàn)異常,并逃避細(xì)胞凋亡,在ECM中不成比例地積聚,是臨床治療瘢痕疙瘩的主要難題[9]。炎癥微環(huán)境是腫瘤相關(guān)炎癥的一個(gè)標(biāo)志。慢性炎癥誘導(dǎo)DNA損傷和突變,導(dǎo)致腫瘤的形成和進(jìn)展[10]。IL-23是IL-12家族成員,是一種異源二聚體促炎細(xì)胞因子,主要由炎性髓細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生。IL-23在IL-6和轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子-β(Transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)存在的情況下,刺激T細(xì)胞分化為T(mén)h17細(xì)胞,能夠產(chǎn)生另一種促炎細(xì)胞因子IL-17A。IL-17A招募中性粒細(xì)胞,促進(jìn)樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞成熟,并刺激巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生IL-1β和腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α),然后誘導(dǎo)和介導(dǎo)炎癥反應(yīng)[11]。越來(lái)越多的研究表明IL-23/IL-17A軸參與腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)和轉(zhuǎn)移。此外,IL-23/IL-17A軸可減少CD8+細(xì)胞在腫瘤中的浸潤(rùn),增強(qiáng)調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞的免疫抑制活性[12-13]。研究表明,瘢痕疙瘩是慢性炎癥長(zhǎng)期作用的結(jié)果[14]。原花青素具有抗炎、抗氧化和抑制血管生成等藥理作用,具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景,但其藥效學(xué)基礎(chǔ)尚不清楚。本研究結(jié)果顯示,原花青素顯著抑制KFs細(xì)胞中IL-23、IL-17A和IL-6水平,同時(shí)抑制KFs細(xì)胞增殖和遷移,誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡。
TLR4作為一個(gè)重要的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)受體,在多種類(lèi)型的人類(lèi)癌癥中過(guò)度表達(dá),如乳腺癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌[15]。TLR4通過(guò)識(shí)別病原體相關(guān)分子模式(Pathogen associated pattern molecules,PAMPs),如LPS,從而誘導(dǎo)炎癥細(xì)胞因子的分泌并激活先天免疫系統(tǒng),抑制TLR4/MyD88通路激活可減弱TLR4與LPS的結(jié)合,從而下調(diào)下游信使分子和相關(guān)炎癥基因的表達(dá)[16]。同時(shí),TLR4/myd88通路的激活促進(jìn)了腫瘤的發(fā)生和轉(zhuǎn)移[17]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,原花青素干預(yù)能劑量依賴(lài)性地抑制了KFs細(xì)胞中TLR4和MyD88的表達(dá),表明原花青素的抗炎作用與TLR4/MyD88通路有關(guān)。
慢性炎癥與纖維化密切相關(guān)。在纖維化患者中發(fā)現(xiàn)LPS水平升高,LPS激活TLR4通路被證明參與了纖維化的發(fā)展[18]。轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子β激活1(Transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1,TAK1)蛋白是TLR4通路中的關(guān)鍵蛋白,可激活NF-κB信號(hào)通路[19]。轉(zhuǎn)錄因子NF-κB通路一直被認(rèn)為是一種典型的促炎信號(hào)通路,其主要作用在于上調(diào)促炎基因的表達(dá)。NF-κB p65和p50亞基組成一個(gè)異源二聚體,由LPS等刺激激活通常被定義為典型的NF-κB通路。NF-κB p65/p50異二聚體通常被NF-κB抑制劑(IκBα)隔離在細(xì)胞漿中,在LPS刺激下,IκBα被磷酸化和降解,釋放p65/p50異源二聚體轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)到細(xì)胞核并結(jié)合NF-κB共識(shí)位點(diǎn),激活炎癥反應(yīng)[20]。TLR4/MyD88通路介導(dǎo)NF-κB的激活以及隨后的促炎性細(xì)胞因子(包括IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α)的產(chǎn)生。這些細(xì)胞因子刺激髓樣樹(shù)突細(xì)胞分泌IL-23,從而促進(jìn)Th17細(xì)胞的增殖和分化[21]。IL-23由p19和p40單元組成,而p19的誘導(dǎo)呈TLR依賴(lài)性[22]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,TLR4/MyD88通路調(diào)節(jié)KFs細(xì)胞中NF-κB表達(dá)水平,從而調(diào)控IL-23和IL-17A的表達(dá)水平。
綜上所述,原花青素可能通抑制TLR4/MyD88通路的激活,降低KFs細(xì)胞中炎癥因子水平,抑制KFs細(xì)胞增殖和遷移,同時(shí)促進(jìn)KFs細(xì)胞凋亡,為原花青素治療瘢痕疙瘩提供了一種新的策略。但仍需進(jìn)行體內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn),評(píng)價(jià)其臨床應(yīng)用治療瘢痕疙瘩的有效性和安全性。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1]張夢(mèng)圓,丁高峰,賀瓊,等.瘢痕疙瘩國(guó)際研究現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì)的文獻(xiàn)計(jì)量和可視化分析[J].中華燒傷雜志,2021,37(03):1-12.
[2]李晶晶.手術(shù),放療結(jié)合彈力加壓“三聯(lián)療法”治療瘢痕疙瘩的臨床效果觀(guān)察[J].中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué),2020,23(S1):110-112.
[3]徐冰心,吳瑩瑩,徐冰珠,等.原花青素對(duì)成纖維細(xì)胞紫外照射損傷的保護(hù)作用研究[J].中華衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急電子雜志,2018,4(4):229-232.
[4]Zhao X,Psarianos P,Ghoraie LS,et al.Metabolic regulation of dermal fibroblasts contributes to skin extracellular matrix homeostasis and fibrosis[J].Nat Metab,2019,1(1):147-157.
[5]Jeljeli M,Riccio L,Doridot L,et al.Trained immunity modulates inflammation-induced fibrosis[J].Nat Commun,2019,10(1):5670.
[6]Wang L,Yang JW,Lin LT,et al.Acupuncture attenuates inflammation in microglia of vascular dementia rats by inhibiting mir-93-mediated TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling pathway[J].Oxid Med Cell Longev,2020,2020:8253904.
[7]鄧雨萌.炎性反應(yīng)在瘢痕疙瘩發(fā)生發(fā)展中的作用及機(jī)制研究[J].中國(guó)美容醫(yī)學(xué),2020,29(4):167-169.
[8]王雯,謝翠柳,鄧婷,等.原花青素對(duì)纖維樁粘接耐久性的影響[J].口腔醫(yī)學(xué)研究,2020,36(3):216-220.
[9]Qin G,Sun Y,Guo Y,et al.PAX5 activates telomerase activity and proliferation in keloid fibroblasts by transcriptional regulation of SND1,thus promoting keloid growth in burn-injured skin[J].Inflamm
Res,2021,70(4):1-14.
[10]Sayed IM,Chakraborty A,Abd El-Hafeez AA,et al.The dna glycosylase neil2 suppresses fusobacterium-infection-induced inflammation and dna damage in colonic epithelial cells[J].Cells,2020,9(9):1980.
[11]Xu H,Cai M,Zhang X.Effect of the blockade of the IL-23-Th17-IL-17A pathway on streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats[J].Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol,2015, 253(9):1485-1492.
[12]Hu Y,Guo J,Yin L,et al.Tacrolimus inhibits TNF-α/IL-17A-Produced pro-inflammatory effect on human keratinocytes by regulating
IκBζ[J].Inflammation,2020,43(2):692-700.
[13]康玉明,蘇國(guó)愛(ài),張艷麗.LPS對(duì)肝癌細(xì)胞TLR4及IL-23/IL17A表達(dá)的影響[J].寧夏醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2017,39(1):6-8.
[14]Lee S,Kim SK,Park H,et al.Contribution of autophagy-notch1-mediated nlrp3 inflammasome activation to chronic inflammation and fibrosis in keloid fibroblasts[J].Int J Mol Sci,2020,21(21):8050.
[15]Tsukamoto H,Kubota K,Shichiku A,et al.An agonistic anti‐Toll‐like receptor 4 monoclonal antibody as an effective adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy[J]. Immunology,2019,158(2):136-149.
[16]張菁華,朱翔鴻,葉螢燕,等.五味子乙素通過(guò)抑制TLR4-MyD88信號(hào)通路減輕脂多糖誘導(dǎo)的小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞凋亡[J].浙江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2019,43(10):1119-1123.
[17]Zhang C,Wang N,Tan HY,et al.Direct inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway by geniposide suppresses HIF-1α-independent VEGF expression and angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Br J Pharmacol,2020,177:3240–3257.
[18]伍振輝,孟嫻,胡佳偉,等.TLR4-MyD88-NF-kB信號(hào)通路與肝炎-肝纖維化-肝癌軸相關(guān)性研究進(jìn)展[J].國(guó)際藥學(xué)研究雜志,2017,44(5):396-401.
[19]Meng Z,Si CY,Teng S,et al.Tanshinone IIA inhibits lipopolysaccharideinduced
inflammatory responses through the TLR4/TAK1/NFκB signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells[J].Int J Mol Med,2019,43(4):1847-1858.
[20]Temiz-Resitoglu M,Kucukkavruk SP,Guden DS,et al.Activation of mTOR/IκB-α/NF-κB pathway contributes to LPS-induced hypotension and inflammation in rats[J].Eur J Pharmacol,2017,802:7-19.
[21]Xu GR,Zhang C,Yang HX,et al.Modified citrus pectin ameliorates myocardial fibrosis and inflammation via suppressing galectin-3 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2020,126:110071.
[22]Mat N,Siddiqui S,Mehta D,et al.Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection of dendritic cells interferes with TLR-induced IL-12/IL-23 cytokine production in an IL-10 independent manner[J].Cytokine,2018,108:105-114.
[收稿日期]2021-4-26
本文引用格式:楊靖,謝群.原花青素對(duì)瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細(xì)胞增殖、遷移及TLR4/MyD88通路的影響[J].中國(guó)美容醫(yī)學(xué),2021,30(11):85-89.