[摘要]目的:探究燒傷患者血清SIRT1水平變化與其炎癥因子和創(chuàng)面愈合程度的相關(guān)性。方法:選取2019年8月-2022年8月筆者醫(yī)院收治的80例深Ⅱ度燒傷創(chuàng)面患者為觀察組,同期80位健康體檢者為對照組,檢測比較對照組和觀察組的血清SIRT1水平。根據(jù)觀察組血清SIRT1水平的中位數(shù)為分界線再行分組,分為SIRT1高表達(dá)組和SIRT1低表達(dá)組。對觀察組進行治療,治療14 d后,評估患者創(chuàng)面的愈合程度。比較血清SIRT1高表達(dá)組和血清SIRT1低表達(dá)組患者炎癥因子水平和創(chuàng)面愈合程度,采用Pearson分析法研究燒傷患者的創(chuàng)面愈合程度和炎癥因子是否與其血清SIRT1的表達(dá)水平具有相關(guān)性。結(jié)果:觀察組血清SIRT1水平為(2.44±1.24)ng/ml,高于對照組的(1.65±0.72)ng/ml(P<0.05)。觀察組80例燒傷患者血清SIRT1水平中位數(shù)是2.493 ng/ml,依此分組,SIRT1高表達(dá)組46例,SIRT1低表達(dá)組34例,兩組一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療前,SIRT1高表達(dá)組CRP、IL-6水平低于SIRT1低表達(dá)組(P<0.05);經(jīng)過同樣的治療后,SIRT1高表達(dá)組的創(chuàng)面愈合程度高于SIRT1低表達(dá)組(P<0.05)。Pearson相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,深Ⅱ度燒傷患者血清SIRT1水平與創(chuàng)面愈合程度呈正相關(guān)(r=0.365 9,P=0.000 8),與炎癥因子CRP、IL-6水平成負(fù)相關(guān)(rCRP=-0.5757,rIL-6=-0.5233,均P<0.001)。結(jié)論:深Ⅱ度燒傷創(chuàng)面患者血清SIRT1水平升高,且與患者創(chuàng)面愈合程度呈正相關(guān),與炎癥因子CRP、IL-6水平呈負(fù)相關(guān)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]燒傷;創(chuàng)面愈合;愈合程度;SIRT1;炎癥因子;相關(guān)性
[中圖分類號]R644" " [文獻標(biāo)志碼]A" " [文章編號]1008-6455(2025)04-0038-04
Correlation Analysis of Serum SIRT1 Levels with Inflammatory Factors and Wound Healing in Burn Patients
CHEN Dazhi, LI Pingyang
( Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou, China )
Abstract: Objective" Exploring the correlation between changes in serum SIRT1 levels in burn patients and their inflammatory factors and degree of wound healing. Methods" Eighty patients with deep second-degree burn wounds admitted to the author's hospital from August 2019 to August 2022 were selected as the observation group, and 80 healthy physical examination subjects were selected as the control group during the same period. Serum SIRT1 levels of the control group and the observation group were detected and compared. According to the median of serum SIRT1 level in the observation group, the group was divided into high SIRT1 expression group and low SIRT1 expression group. Treated the observation group and evaluated the degree of wound healing after 14 days of treatment. Compared the levels of inflammatory factors and wound healing degree between patients with high serum SIRT1 expression and those with low serum SIRT1 expression. Pearson analyzed the correlation between serum SIRT1 expression levels and the level of inflammatory factors in burn patients with wound healing degree. Results" The serum SIRT1 level in observation group was (2.44±1.24) ng/ml, which was higher than that in control group (1.65±0.72) ng/ml (P<0.05). The median serum SIRT1 level of 80 burn patients in the observation group was 2.493 ng/ml. According to this group, 46 cases were in the high expression group of SIRT1 and 34 cases were in the low expression group, and there was no statistical significance in the general data between the two groups (P>0.05). Before treatment, the levels of CRP and IL-6 in SIRT1 high expression group were lower than those in SIRT1 low expression group (P<0.05). After the same treatment, the wound healing degree of SIRT1 high expression group was higher than that of SIRT1 low expression group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum SIRT1 level in patients with deep second-degree burn was positively correlated with the degree of wound healing (r=0.365 9, P=0.000 8), and negatively correlated with the levels of inflammatory factors CRP and IL-6 (rCRP=-0.5757, rIL-6=-0.5233, All P<0.001). Conclusion" Serum SIRT1 level increased in patients with deep second-degree burn wounds, and was positively correlated with the degree of wound healing, and negatively correlated with the levels of inflammatory factors CRP and IL-6.
Key words: burns; wound healing; SIRT1; inflammatory factor; relevance
燒傷是一種臨床上常見的外傷類型,作為全球性的公共衛(wèi)生問題,其造成了全世界醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)高額成本支出,也讓患者承受著經(jīng)濟、身體和心理負(fù)擔(dān)[1-2]。深Ⅱ度燒傷是指損傷到真皮層但仍有真皮層殘留的燒傷創(chuàng)面,從創(chuàng)面邊緣和燒傷區(qū)的殘余表皮長出新表皮很慢,若期間出現(xiàn)感染或高血糖等情況,創(chuàng)面愈合更加困難,甚至造成不愈合[3-4]。沉默信息調(diào)節(jié)因子2相關(guān)酶1(Silent information regulator 2-related enzyme 1,SIRT1)是一類煙堿酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸依賴性的去乙?;福诩?xì)胞生長、存活、變性、代謝等生理過程中扮演重要角色,并可通過去乙酰化多種底物調(diào)節(jié)自噬、凋亡、衰老、炎癥反應(yīng)、氧化應(yīng)激、基因轉(zhuǎn)錄等關(guān)鍵生物過程[5]。近些年研究表明,SIRT1的表達(dá)與傷口愈合有關(guān)[6]。SIRT1被證實在燒傷后對重要臟器有保護作用。有研究證實,在炎癥發(fā)生發(fā)展過程中SIRT1可發(fā)揮調(diào)節(jié)作用,其對限制炎癥過度、減輕炎癥損傷有重要的生物學(xué)意義[7-8]。因此,本研究主要探析燒傷患者血清SIRT1的水平變化與其炎癥因子和創(chuàng)面愈合程度的相關(guān)性,具體如下。
1" 資料和方法
1.1 一般資料:選擇2019年8月-2022年8月筆者醫(yī)院收治的80例燒傷患者作為觀察組,其中男41例,女39例,年齡24~50(36.95±4.33)歲,燒傷至入院時間為(6.04±1.54)h,燒傷面積占總體表面積為(8.32±2.73)%,燒傷類型中熱液傷34例、火燒傷36例、電燒傷10例,燒傷部位軀干燒傷32例、四肢燒傷43例、軀干四肢同時燒傷5例。對照組選擇同期健康體檢者80例。本研究已通過倫理審核。
1.1.1 觀察組納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):年齡18~60歲;臨床診斷為深Ⅱ度燒傷,累及真皮層深層,燒傷面積<15%體表面積總面積(TBSA);燒傷部位在軀干、四肢;燒傷至入院時間不超過24 h;患者及家屬知情,并簽署同意書。
1.1.2 觀察組排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):化學(xué)燒傷;創(chuàng)面感染較為嚴(yán)重;入院時發(fā)生休克或伴有嚴(yán)重的吸入性損傷;合并免疫系統(tǒng)功能障礙、凝血功能異常等;合并活動性出血傷口;伴有重要組織器官功能異常;伴有精神系統(tǒng)疾病、認(rèn)知功能障礙等;處于妊娠期或哺乳期。
1.1.3 對照組納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):無發(fā)熱感染等癥狀;心、肝、腎等重要臟器功能正常;白細(xì)胞計數(shù)正常。
1.1.4 對照組排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):存在體表創(chuàng)傷。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 血清SIRT1水平檢測:采集觀察組治療前和對照組的清晨空腹靜脈血,樣本進行離心處理(轉(zhuǎn)速3 500 r/min,時間15 min,離心半徑12 cm),采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法檢測血清SIRT1水平。將觀察組患者的血清SIRT1水平進行排序,取血清SIRT1水平中位數(shù)為分界線,對觀察組患者再行分組,分為高表達(dá)組(≥中位數(shù))和低表達(dá)組(<中位數(shù))。
1.2.2 觀察組炎癥因子水平檢測:治療前,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法檢測血清炎癥因子C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)、白細(xì)胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。
1.2.3 觀察組治療:治療前進行血常規(guī)與凝血功能檢查。將患者全身或局部浸泡于水溫40℃~45℃的高錳酸鉀1∶5 000水溶液中,時間持續(xù)15~20 min,之后將創(chuàng)緣角化物清除,使用1 g/L的新潔爾滅對創(chuàng)面進行沖洗后擦干。將涂有磺胺嘧啶鋅軟膏的凡士林油紗布覆蓋在創(chuàng)口上,用燒傷紗布包扎,隔日換藥。
1.2.4 觀察組創(chuàng)面愈合程度:治療14 d后,評估患者創(chuàng)面愈合程度,創(chuàng)面愈合程度=(治療前-治療14 d后)創(chuàng)面面積/治療前創(chuàng)面面積×100%[9]。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析:應(yīng)用SPSS 22.0分析數(shù)據(jù),正態(tài)分布計量資料以(xˉ±s)表示,采用t檢驗,計數(shù)資料以(%)表示,采用χ2檢驗。相關(guān)性分析采用Pearson法。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
2" 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組血清SIRT1水平的比較:觀察組血清SIRT1水平為(2.44±1.24)ng/ml,高于對照組的(1.65±0.72)ng/ml,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=9.858,P<0.001)。
2.2 觀察組SIRT1高表達(dá)組和低表達(dá)組分組及一般資料比較:觀察組80例燒傷患者血清SIRT1水平中位數(shù)是2.493 ng/ml,依此分組,SIRT1高表達(dá)組46例,SIRT1低表達(dá)組34例,兩組一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。見表1。
2.3 SIRT1高表達(dá)組和低表達(dá)組指標(biāo)比較:治療前,SIRT1高表達(dá)組CRP、IL-6水平低于SIRT1低表達(dá)組(P<0.05);經(jīng)過同樣的治療后,SIRT1高表達(dá)組的創(chuàng)面愈合程度高于SIRT1低表達(dá)組(P<0.05)。見表2。
2.4 燒傷患者血清SIRT1水平與創(chuàng)面愈合程度的相關(guān)性分析:Pearson相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,深Ⅱ度燒傷患者血清SIRT1水平與創(chuàng)面愈合程度呈正相關(guān)(r=0.365 9,P=0.000 8)。見圖1。
2.5 血清SIRT1水平與炎癥因子CRP、IL-6水平的相關(guān)性:Pearson相關(guān)分析結(jié)果顯示,血清SIRT1水平與炎癥因子CRP、IL-6水平成負(fù)相關(guān)(rCRP=-0.5757,rIL-6=-0.5233,均P<0.001)。見圖2。
3" 討論
深Ⅱ度燒傷可累及真皮層,預(yù)防感染與創(chuàng)面處理為治療該病的關(guān)鍵,然而深Ⅱ度燒傷患者病情較為復(fù)雜,若未及時處理或處理不到位會造成皮膚攣縮、瘢痕等不良預(yù)后,嚴(yán)重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量及身心健康[10-11]。皮膚是人體第一層防御屏障,一旦發(fā)生燒傷會失去其屏障功能,同時也會增加人體發(fā)生感染的風(fēng)險,患者局部組織損傷后會出現(xiàn)炎癥反應(yīng)[12]。目前,對燒傷愈合程度和炎癥因子的相關(guān)指標(biāo)的研究較少。SIRT1是一種NAD+依賴的蛋白去乙酰化酶,它能使幾種有助于細(xì)胞調(diào)節(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)錄因子脫乙酰化,例如FOXO3、活化B細(xì)胞的核因子κ-輕鏈增強子(NF-κB)和p53。SIRT1調(diào)節(jié)的通路影響細(xì)胞存活、代謝、抗應(yīng)激、內(nèi)皮功能和晝夜節(jié)律[13]。在傷口愈合方面,SIRT1被證明具有抗炎和抗氧化特性,SIRT1去乙酰作用于NF-κBp65,抑制NF-κB介導(dǎo)的炎癥信號通路轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo),降低其下游的炎癥因子CRP和IL-6的基因表達(dá),另可誘導(dǎo)膠原合成并啟動自噬和血管生成,在傷口愈合過程中調(diào)節(jié)表皮炎癥、遷移和分化方面也發(fā)揮重要作用[14-16]。本研究主要探究SIRT1蛋白能否作為一個燒傷后炎癥因子和患者愈合程度的預(yù)測指標(biāo)。
本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)觀察組血清SIRT1水平比對照組高,且有大量動物實驗研究證明,SIRT1對燒傷后重要臟器有保護作用。由此推測,燒傷后血清SIRT1分泌增多可能是一種機體自我保護機制。影響創(chuàng)面愈合的重要因素有許多,新生血管的生成是其中一個重要因素,SIRT1能促進創(chuàng)面血管生成為創(chuàng)面愈合提供一個重要基礎(chǔ)條件[17]。另近些年有研究表明,SIRT1可通過自噬機制促進傷口創(chuàng)面的愈合[18]。自噬是細(xì)胞中高度保守的物質(zhì)降解過程,當(dāng)自噬體形成時,它會包裹住某些細(xì)胞成分,例如那些被破壞的蛋白質(zhì)和細(xì)胞器,最終自噬體與溶酶體融合,這些細(xì)胞成分便會降解為更小成分,這一過程為細(xì)胞的更新提供了養(yǎng)分和構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ),進而促進傷口愈合[19-20]。在本次研究中,通過SIRT1高表達(dá)組與SIRT1低表達(dá)組創(chuàng)面愈合程度的比較,可以看到在創(chuàng)面愈合程度上,SIRT1高表達(dá)組比SIRT1低表達(dá)組高。且筆者做了與之相關(guān)性的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)SIRT1的水平與創(chuàng)面愈合具有弱相關(guān),提示在燒傷患者治療前血清SIRT1高表達(dá)的患者后續(xù)創(chuàng)面愈合程度會更好,血清SIRT1能促進創(chuàng)面愈合。炎癥反應(yīng)是燒傷患者的主要病理生理變化。燒傷后,在感染、水腫、缺氧、壞死及一些異物作用下,傷口愈合過程經(jīng)常受到干擾,其中,炎癥遞質(zhì)在體內(nèi)釋放,而燒傷休克延遲復(fù)蘇導(dǎo)致再灌注損傷和延遲液體復(fù)蘇可能導(dǎo)致炎癥遞質(zhì)釋放進一步增加,引起過度的全身炎癥反應(yīng),從而導(dǎo)致血管通透性增加[21-22]。在炎癥發(fā)生發(fā)展過程中SIRT1起到一個重要作用,其可通過信號通路減輕炎癥反應(yīng)、減輕細(xì)胞損傷有重要的生物學(xué)意義,其可通過誘導(dǎo)自噬消除燒傷誘導(dǎo)的炎癥反應(yīng),也可以通過TLR4/NF-κB信號通路抑制炎癥反應(yīng)[23-24]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,燒傷患者中血清SIRT1水平跟CRP和IL-6的水平有相關(guān),且Pearson分析結(jié)果得到它們之間呈負(fù)相關(guān),提示SIRT1可以抑制或減少炎癥因子CRP、IL-6的產(chǎn)生。
綜上,血清SIRT1水平與燒傷患者創(chuàng)面愈合程度呈正相關(guān),與炎癥因子CRP、IL-6水平呈負(fù)相關(guān)。但本研究仍存在一些不足之處:首先,由于樣本量有限,筆者按中位數(shù)進行分組分析的方法,雖能初步探討高低表達(dá)的影響,但此法可能導(dǎo)致連續(xù)變量信息的丟失,影響統(tǒng)計效能和結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定性,后續(xù)研究將考慮采用更為穩(wěn)健的回歸分析方法。其次,由于條件限制,本研究未能開展更多分子指標(biāo)檢測,以深入探究血清SIRT1與燒傷患者機制間的相關(guān)性,今后研究將進一步完善。
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[收稿日期]2024-01-17
本文引用格式:陳大志,李平洋.燒傷患者血清SIRT1與炎癥因子和創(chuàng)面愈合程度的相關(guān)性分析[J].中國美容醫(yī)學(xué),2025,34(4):38-41.