新高考讀后續(xù)寫初探

新高考對于師生來講都是新形勢，在新高考的英語考試中，“讀后續(xù)寫”是新題型，也是重點(diǎn)題型，考查學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。既有閱讀，又有寫作。首先要求是要讀懂所給材料，然后根據(jù)材料進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，所以“續(xù)寫”是讀和寫的統(tǒng)一，考查學(xué)生的閱讀能力、總結(jié)概括能力，語言組織能力，需要大量練習(xí)。如何做好“讀后續(xù)寫”這種題型，拿得高分，這其中有一定技巧。教師在教學(xué)中，也應(yīng)把此類題型值得深入探究，掌握規(guī)律，進(jìn)行教學(xué)引導(dǎo)。

一、讀后續(xù)寫的具體要求

讀后續(xù)寫，一般是提供一段350詞以內(nèi)的語言材料，要求學(xué)生依據(jù)該材料內(nèi)容、所給段落開頭語或所標(biāo)示關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，將其發(fā)展成一篇與給定材料有邏輯銜接，情節(jié)和結(jié)構(gòu)完整的短文，續(xù)寫單詞在150 詞左右。

二、讀后續(xù)寫中學(xué)生常出現(xiàn)的問題

首先會出現(xiàn)上下文的連貫性差的問題，段落與段落之間沒有銜接; 錯(cuò)詞錯(cuò)句多，單詞應(yīng)用錯(cuò)誤，出現(xiàn)句子語法錯(cuò)誤，好詞好句少; 沒有豐富和生動的細(xì)節(jié)推動情節(jié)的發(fā)展;與所給短文及段落開頭語的銜接程度差;沒有猜到主旨，對材料閱讀不細(xì)致、不理解，過度想象或偏離主題。 還有的就是書寫潦草，卷面涂改。

三、如何做好讀后續(xù)寫

我們舉例來說明。

1.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。

On Christmas Eve， seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully. Skim milk was $2.99 white bread，89 cents with a 10cent discount Leaving the cashier， he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today. At the exit， the wind reminded him of his gloves.“Where are they？”Not in the coat pockets. Not in the grocery bag either. He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat. George made a second thorough search of all his pockets， again including the grocery bag. Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store. Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount， for just $35.00， ten years ago. They were soft and warm and very durable. He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves， so they looked like new. Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.

George，calm on the outside but nervous inside， reentered the store. He followed the same route he had walked before， starting at the bread counter， to the milk section， the corner where salt and sugar were placed， then the rest of the store. Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain. He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves， but they said no. Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves， but only received the same answer. His heart grew heavier.“Society has changed，people have changed”， he murmured to himself.“Years ago，if somebody picked up something lost， they would give it back. Now a good action is lost.”

Yet he did not give up hope. He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his. The first two persons he saw did wear gloves，but one was women's and the other not black.

Paragraph 1：

Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves.

Paragraph 2：

During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new one.

2.如何構(gòu)思續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容。

Step1 Read for elements

Who： Old George，Cashier，a man （looking like a lawyer）

When： On Christmas Eve

Where： In a store

What：? lost a pair of gloves

Step 2 Read for plots

Beginning （G in a store on Christmas Eve）--- Process （lost his gloves and found nothing）---- Climax （高潮部分）（to buy a new pair or not？）

——ending（how to solve the problem/ how things end up）

Step 3 Gather ideas

Setting

（time / place） Time：? On Christmas Eve

Place： A grocery store

Characters Old George ，Cashier，a man（ looking like a lawyer）

Plot Geroge finished shopping and wanted to leave

Problem At the exit，? George couldn't find his gloves.

Ending ？

3.信息整理。

體裁：記敘文

時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)

原文核心信息解讀：“Old George去雜貨店購物，在清點(diǎn)物品要離開時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)心愛的一副手套不見了，他四處尋找問詢無果，開始抱怨社會中人們善良的消失，但他仍沒有放棄尋找那副手套……”

Step 4 Make predictions

Para. 1：? ?Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves. （續(xù)寫部分，可詳細(xì)描寫和這個(gè)男士尋找手套的細(xì)節(jié)過程和結(jié)果，此處注意必須結(jié)合第二段首句的含義，做好推測銜接）

Para. 2： During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair..

（續(xù)寫部分，可寫George去買手套，會發(fā)生什么情況，圍繞主題手套丟失，可以推測失而復(fù)得的可能性或其他情況，最后對于情感的總結(jié)升華。）

4.確定寫作思路。

Old George在雜貨店購物結(jié)賬后，發(fā)現(xiàn)心愛的手套找不到了，四處問尋無果，正當(dāng)不知道是否該再買一副的時(shí)候，……，要求寫的是后面怎么樣。

5.確定構(gòu)思的理由。

中出現(xiàn)cashier（收銀員）這個(gè)人物，這是可以用的信息，因?yàn)榫退闼偃ルs貨店買手套，收銀員也會再次出現(xiàn)，所以合理利用收銀員來發(fā)展情節(jié)是比較簡單合理的。

One possible version：

Paragraph 1：

Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves. Abrupt as it might seem， George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his， but there came a disappointing answer. On second thought， he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store. He had no alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found. Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.

Paragraph 2：

During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair. After all， in deep winter， he could not do without gloves. Finally poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves. With the last ray of hope， he stepped into the store again. No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost.After examining them carefully， he was wild with joy， expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.

四、獲得讀后續(xù)寫高分的寫作技巧

主要有這樣幾方面：故事要圍繞著主要人物展開;確保第二段和第一段的銜接有邏輯;使用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯釉~，修飾詞以使故事更有連貫性; 選用恰當(dāng)?shù)木湫鸵晕恼赂由鷦?、高?詳細(xì)刻畫角色及其情感升華; 做到首尾呼應(yīng)以使故事更加有條理。

所以，在平時(shí)教學(xué)中，教師也要從這幾方面入手引導(dǎo)學(xué)生，進(jìn)行大量練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生吃透材料，提升綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力，從而在考試中取得高分。

【作者簡介】李志英，河北省張家口市第四中學(xué)。