Abstracts

The Revision of the European Union’s Emissions Trading System Ahead of the Fourth Trading Period, 2021-2030 (5)

Joshua Prentice; Translated by Ma Liang and Xie Yong; Proofreading by Tan Xiao

【Abstract】The EU ETS is the cornerstone of the European Union’s climate policy.The EU ETS will play a decisive role in the European Union plan to meet its commitments under the Paris Agreement.In November 2017, following more than two years of negotiations,EU member states and the European Parliament reached a final agreement on the revision of the EU ETS for the period 2021-2030.The final agreement struck an important, ambitious balance on a number of measures designed to ensure that the EU ETS achieves its legislative aims of promoting emission reductions in a cost-effective manner.The negotiations also provide a number of policy lessons for future negotiations relating to the role of EU institutions and the rules for free allocation which will be important for the EU ETS to meet its legislative objectives.

【Key Words】EU ETS, fourth trading period, free allocation, carbon leakage, Paris Agreement

【Author】Joshua Prentice, Sustainability Manager, Heidelberg Cement, whose research focuses on sustainable development.

【Translators】Ma Liang, PhD Student in Environmental Law at the Institute of Environmental Law, Wuhan University Law School, is a part-time researcher and lecturer at the Guangzhou Green Development and Rule of Law Research Center, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, whose research focuses on foreign and comparative environmental law; Xie Yong, MA Student of Economic Law, Guangxi Normal University Law School, whose research interests are economic law and environmental resource protection law; Tan Xiao is a Professor at the Law School of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and director of the Guangzhou Green Development and Rule of Law Research Center, whose research interests are economic law and jurisprudence.

Observation and Revelation of the Relationship between Mongolia and EU (15)

Li Chao

【Abstract】Since Mongolia and the EU have established diplomatic ties, their relations have grown rapidly in the past three decades.Marked by the entry into force of the Mongolia-EU Partnership and Cooperation Agreement in November 2017, the Mongolian-EU relations have entered a phase of deepening development.The key driving forces of the relations derive from the values diplomacy on both sides, economic interactions and aid programs.Cooperation within the framework of the Europe-Asia connectivity strategy is a new trend in the relations, with the renewable energy and digitalization sectors being the focus of future cooperation.Despite the strengthening of the relations, challenges and potential disagreements remain in trade, economy, and human rights issues.

【Key Words】Mongolia, EU, bilateral relations

【Author】Li Chao, Assistant Researcher of the Institute of Russian and Mongolian Studies(Belt and Road Institute of Inner Mongolia),Inner Mongolian Academy of Social Science,whose research focuses on Mongolian politics and diplomacy and so on.

New Trend of British Involvement in the Indo-Pacific and China’s Response (30)

Ye Shengxuan

【Abstract】In the context of Brexit, Britain needs to establish close relations with other important regions and countries around the world to realize its strategic vision of “Global Britain”.With the rapid increase of the geopolitical and geo-economic influence of the Indo-Pacific region, Britain has gradually pivoted to the Indo-Pacific, and strengthened its involvement in this region.There are profound security, political, economic, and cultural motivations behind it.In order to effectively maintain and expand its strategic interest in the Indo-Pacific, Britain has strengthened its security ties with its partners and enhanced its security deployment; consolidated political relations with countries and international organizations; expanded economic and trade exchanges; and increased cultural exchanges with countries in the Indo-Pacific region.British involvement in the Indo-Pacific has important remifications for China’s and regional security.In this regard, China should actively strengthen strategic communication and dialogue with Britain; prevent the U.S.,Japan, Australia, and India from rallying Britain to adopt a joint counterbalance against China in the Indo-Pacific region; and work with other countries in this region to achieve a just, rational, and stable regional order.

【Key Words】UK, Pivot to Indo-Pacific, Brexit, global Britain, Sino-UK Relations

【Author】Ye Shengxuan, PhD Student of China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies,and Collaborative Innovation Center for Territorial Sovereignty and Maritime Rights, Wuhan University, whose research focuses on China’s peripheral diplomacy.

The History and Impact of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Competition for Water Resource in the Nile Basin(47)

Wang Yiming Ren Tingting

【Abstract】As the longest river in the world, the Nile River is not only the cradle to the civilizations in the Nile Basin, but also the origin which provides rich water and electricity resources to the resource-scarce countries in the Basin.In the current context, when great changes have taken place in the power relations among the African countries, the upstream countries are calling for a multilateral cooperation mechanism on the governance of water resources of the Nile River based on the principle of equal sharing to replace the 1929 Nile Waters Agreement and the 1959 Nile Water Agreement,a result of power politics.Since the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (the GERD Dam) project was proposed by Ethiopia in 2010, Egypt has repeatedly expressed its opposition, claiming the GERD Dam will threaten its water security, intensifying the competition for water resource in the Nile Basin.The current crisis on the GERD Dam is not only a geopolitical crisis between Ethiopia and Egypt, but also a collision between the governance paradigms on the water resource in the Nile River followed by the upstream and downstream countries.As a result, a permanent multilateral cooperation mechanism should be established among the countries in the Nile Basin as soon as possible under the mediation of a third party.The countries should strengthen information sharing and political communication and take the advantage of the GERD Dam to promote the coordinated development among the countries in the region.

【Key Words】Nile Basin, competition for water resource, Ethiopia, Egypt, Geopolitics

【Authors】Wang Yiming, Postgraduate Student of the School of International Relations and Diplomacy, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research interest focuses on international relations in Africa, regional governance and international politics in Latin America; Ren Tingting, Postgraduate Student of the School of International Relations and Diplomacy, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research interest focuses on regional governance and international politics in Latin America.

Mechanism Study on the Impact of Reporting Major Diplomatic Events Hosted by China for the Global Audience: A Case Study on Xinhua News Agency’s Coverage of the 2nd CIIE (58)

Zhao Hongyan Huang Baoyi

【Abstract】Host diplomacy, or hosting important diplomatic events in a country, is an important way to showcase a country’s image and national strength.The contents, channels,and effects of covering the events for the global audience have important implications for the success of these events, as well as building a positive brand recognition.This paper examines Xinhua News Agency’s coverage on the 2nd International Import Expo for the global audience, firstly conducting a content analysis on the frequency, content of the samples, and then conducting a textual analysis of the key words and typical new media products, so as to study the influence of such coverage on host diplomacy.

【Key Words】covering China for the global audience, host Diplomacy, influence mechanism, Xinhua News Agency’s coverage of the 2nd CIIE

【Authors】Zhao Hongyan, Professor of the School of International Relations at the University of International Business and Economics, whose research focuses on public diplomacy, political communication, international communication; Huang Baoyi, Postgraduate Student of the School of International Relations at the University of International Business and Economics, whose research focuses on public diplomacy and international communication.

Review of Research on Export Product Quality (72)

Li Lu

【Abstract】Transforming the mode of economic development is the focus of China’s reform, and the quality of export products has become a hot topic in the economic reform.In recent years, more and more studies have been conducted on the quality of export products.This paper starts with the definition and measurement methods of the quality of export products, and identifies the main factors affecting the quality of export products, which are mainly divided into macro and micro perspectives.The macro perspective includes institutions, trade liberalization, and government subsidies.The micro perspective includes human capital, technological innovation, and foreign direct investment.Finally, the paper attempts to explore some directions for future research.

【Key Words】export product quality, vertical intra-industry trade, measurement methods,influencing factors

【Author】Li Lu, Postgraduate Student majoring in International Business from Anhui University,whose research focuses on international trade.

India’s Neighbour Policy: Dilemma and Way Out (86)

Deng Hongying

【Abstract】The Modi government attaches great importance to the South Asian region and has been active in improving relations with its neighbours through political exchanges,connectivity building, economic cooperation and other measures.However, periodic tensions in India’s relations with its neighbours, more frequent and intense border conflicts,and setbacks in India-led regional economic integration have made it difficult to prevent its neighbors from expanding cooperation with China.The Modi government’s foreign policy in neighbouring countries is in trouble mainly because India’s concept of absolute security makes it difficult to maintain regional peace and stability, soft power tools can hardly support India’s regional hegemony, economic power makes it difficult to build an Indianled regional economic order, and foreign policy decisions of neighboring countries can hardly be free from domestic political interference and constraints.In order to overcome the diplomatic dilemma of its neighbours, India needs to adjust its conflict-oriented policy, and more importantly, change its mindset, respect its neighbours, attach importance to regional economic integration and actively build a sense of regional community.

【Key Words】India, neighbour policy, Indian foreign policy

【Author】Deng Hongying, Associate Professor, Department of Politics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, whose research interests include Indian foreign policy and China-Indian relations.

Study on the Status Quo of Emigration from China and the Factors Influencing It (97)

Chen Ye Kang Teng

【Abstract】International migration has become an important manifestation of internationalization, with 232 million people around the world migrating overseas in 2013,receiving widespread attention from the international community.China became a member of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in June 2016, and IOM officially joined the United Nations system in September 2016.China set up the National Immigration Administration in 2018.Existing studies on China’s emigration have relied mainly on data on emigration flows, the limitations of which are evident.Abel and Sander published a landmark paper, inSciencein 2014, which estimates international migration flows.Using this migration data, it is found that the number of emigrants from China declined around 2005.The empirical study shows that the number of Chinese emigrants is positively proportional to the total economic volume of the immigrating countries and inversely proportional to the distance, and the population gravity model is validated.In addition,the degree of openness and the level of comprehensive development of the immigrant country positively influence Chinese emigrants to the country.The natural conditions of the immigrant countries, such as their size and the proportion of the working population, have little influence on Chinese emigration.

【Key Words】emigration, flow data, gravitational model

【Authors】Chen Ye, Post-doctoral Researcher,School of Economics,Fudan University,Lecturer, College of Economics & Management, Shanghai Ocean University.Research Interest:International Trade.KangTeng, Postgraduate Student, School of Economics,Shanghai University.Research Interest: International Trade.

The Sino-US Trade War in the Post-Pandemic World:Motivation, Trend and Chinese Approach (111)

Zhang Cheng Zhao Ziruo

【Abstract】COVID-19 has had a great impact on international relations and international politics.In the post-pandemic world, the effect of the Sino-US trade war on the two countries has gradually surfaced, and the trade volume has shrunk sharply.The causes of the trade war are not only structural differences between the two sides, but also an attempt of the US to transfer its internal crisis.In the post-pandemic world, the trade war will temporarily cool down due to the global economic recession, but Sino-US relations will continue to deteriorate, the strategic competition among great powers will enter an era of total factor confrontation, and globalization will be challenged by unilateralism.In responding to the trade war, China needs to give full play to its industrial modernization and demographic advantages; recognize its strategic disadvantages and improve its thinking and decisionmaking capacity; turn pressure into ways of mitigating conflicts; actively seek out trading partners; emphasize human resource development and achieve educational, scientific and technological autonomy; and emphasize the strategic role of Africa.

【Key Words】trade war, post-pandemic world, multilateralism, autonomy-oriented

【Authors】Zhang Cheng, PhD candidate, School of International Relations and Diplomacy,Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research focuses on Sino-foreign relations;Zhao Ziruo, Undergraduate Student majoring in translation and interpreting, Department of English and International Studies, China Foreign Affairs University, whose research focuses on Chinese diplomacy.

Trudeau Government’s Immigration Policy in the Post-Pandemic World: Essence and Trends (124)

Wang Shucheng Li Xiang

【Abstract】International anti-immigration and populism are gaining popularity in Western countries.Since the Trudeau government came to power, Canada’s immigration policy has fallen somewhere between neoconservatism and neoliberalism.In the course of implementing an inclusive immigration policy, the Trudeau government has become more rigorous in screening immigrants to ensure that they enter Canada legally.In terms of immigration policy, the Trudeau government has eliminated the Conservative Party’s“safe country” policy, increased border controls, and increased pilot immigration programs to promote Canada’s economic and social stability, as well as the regional balance of immigration.At the global level, the Trudeau government has been actively involved in international immigration by launching a global visa program, attempting to build a new global immigration governance system.While the COVID-19 situation in Canada is not encouraging, the Trudeau government’s immigration policy has been questioned by the Conservative Party, and the future success of the its immigration policy will depend on the health and sustainability of the Canadian economy.

【Key Words】Canada,immigration policy, COVID-19,Multiculturalism

【Authors】Wang Shucheng, Editor of Social Sciences in China Press (SSCP), whose research focuses on Australian diplomacy; Li Xiang, Editor of Social Sciences in China Press (SSCP), whose research focuses on Canadian politics and diplomacy and so on.

The Effects and Limitations of Regional International Organizations in Fighting against COVID-19: A Case Study on the EU (139)

Wang Jue

【Abstract】COVID-19 is a major challenge to all humankind in the 21st century.Faced with the onslaught of the epidemic, countries have joined hands; international organizations have coordinated and pooled their efforts.In this process, regional international organizations have also played a significant role, the most representative example of which is the European Union, which has made important contributions to both the regional and global fight against the epidemic.At the same time, however, some inherent problems or shortcomings of the EU have also surfaced, such as the slow response to public health emergencies, lack of internal solidarity and protectionist tendencies.This paper discusses the role and limitations of regional international organizations in the fight against COVID-19 by studying the EU, a highly integrated regional international organization.

【Key Words】COVID-19, regional international organizations, the European Union

【Author】Wang Jue, Postgraduate Student, School of German, Beijing Foreign Studies University, research interest: German Translation and International Politics.