增加書(shū)面表達(dá)“亮點(diǎn)”的方法

晁會(huì)霞　陳霄云　余潔妮

眾所周知，書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分分為五檔，處于四、五檔的考生，英語(yǔ)水平不低，要想在考試中得高分，要增加語(yǔ)言的“亮點(diǎn)”。在保證準(zhǔn)確的前提下，根據(jù)書(shū)面表達(dá)的內(nèi)容、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和自己的實(shí)際水平，敢于和善于使用高級(jí)詞匯、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。

依據(jù)多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，總結(jié)出了一些成功的英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)中的增加文章“亮點(diǎn)”的方法，希望能給于想在考試中書(shū)面表達(dá)得高分的學(xué)生一些幫助，現(xiàn)歸納如下。

一.改變句子開(kāi)頭或運(yùn)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

①用狀語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭

In the center of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building.（高級(jí)）

Tired but happy，the girls rode bikes to the school.（高級(jí)）

Badly injured as he was，he managed to take down the cars number.（高級(jí)）

Only in this way（by using it often）can I improve my English.（高級(jí)）

Hardly had he come back when he knew the truth.（高級(jí)）

②以不定式短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭

He came to Beijing to visit his uncle.（一般）

To visit his uncle，he came to Beijing.（高級(jí)）

③以同位語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭

一般句式：Shakespeare is a son and he is from a poor family.He had little education.He wrote many plays and poems.People all over the world like his plays and poems.（句式單一，啰嗦）

黃金句式：Shakespeare，a son from a poor family，a man of little education，wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.

（以同位語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，用一個(gè)較復(fù)雜句式，表達(dá)層次清晰，句式多變）

二.運(yùn)用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格使句子簡(jiǎn)潔，更有文采。好多考生在寫(xiě)作時(shí)不敢或不知如何使用這個(gè)最大的“亮點(diǎn)”，其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單，方法：一去，二看，三改。一去：去連詞;二看：看主語(yǔ);三改：改分詞。如：Because I am an active young person，I like sports and outdoor activities.第一步，去掉連詞Because;第二步，看前后兩句話的主語(yǔ)，前后主語(yǔ)一致，去掉主語(yǔ)，改用分詞，若前后主語(yǔ)不一致，保留主語(yǔ)，改成獨(dú)立主格;第三步，改用分詞，am變成分詞being。

Being an active young person，I like sports and outdoor activities.

如下一般句型改為高級(jí)句型：

After everything was done，they sat in the yard and chatted with the elderly people.→Everything done，...

Because she realize her mother must be tired after a days work，the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder.→Realizing her mother must be tired after a days work，...

He was praised by his teacher in public，the naughty boy determined to study hard.→Praised by his teacher in public，...

三.巧用連接詞及承接短語(yǔ)

①利用連接詞so…that，not only…but also，too…to 等。

一般句式：He was diligent.He worked day and night.So he had many great inventions.→黃金句式：He was also so diligent that he worked day and night.And this explained why he had so many great inventions.

黃金句式：Dears friends，please actively take part in after-class activities，which will not only make your school life colorful，but also improve your learning.

② 使用恰當(dāng)?shù)某薪佣陶Z(yǔ)，使文章過(guò)渡自然，流暢連貫，條理清晰。如：

For one thing，bicycles do not have any petrol and they are energy-saving.For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they wont give off waste gas.Whats more，riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health.

At first，I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities.As a result，I was tired out and depressed.Then I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others.Thus I began to recognize the strength of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.

四.走出“高級(jí)詞匯、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)”誤區(qū)

誤區(qū)之一：“高級(jí)詞匯”就是生僻詞、長(zhǎng)單詞或一些“大詞”。

如：I have found a flat，covering an area of 25 square meters with a bedroom，a bathroom，and a kitchen.（covering在此屬大詞小用）

修改：I have found a flat for you，25 square meters in size with a bedroom，a bathroom，and a kitchen.（本文恰當(dāng)使用了高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)同位語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)，使句子顯得簡(jiǎn)練、清楚。）

誤區(qū)之二：過(guò)多使用所謂的“高級(jí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)”

如學(xué)生習(xí)作：I strongly hope that this plan should be carried out continually not only because it has given us more space to develop our critical thinking and independent ability but also because we really feel much happier than ever before.（本文一個(gè)句子用詞39個(gè)，運(yùn)用了一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，兩個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。太冗長(zhǎng)）

修改：I strongly hope that this plan should be carried out continually because it has allowed us more space to develop our critical thinking and independent ability.Whats more，we really feel much happier than ever before.

注意使用“高級(jí)詞匯、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)”一要簡(jiǎn)潔、準(zhǔn)確、得體，通俗易懂，二要在自己的能力范圍內(nèi)，三要恰如其分，不是越多越好，要長(zhǎng)短句式結(jié)合。

總之，英語(yǔ)作為一門語(yǔ)言學(xué)科，學(xué)生要想提高自己的閱讀水平和寫(xiě)作水平，重在平時(shí)一點(diǎn)一滴的積累。掌握了提升文章“亮點(diǎn)”的方法后，還要在日常學(xué)習(xí)中多積累亮點(diǎn)詞匯，短語(yǔ)和高級(jí)句型，并且多加練習(xí)，多模仿特定的句型句式多練習(xí)句子翻譯，從而寫(xiě)出準(zhǔn)確、地道的語(yǔ)言，提升自身的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。