繭

建筑師：謝英俊、阮慶岳、馬可?卡薩格蘭

地點(diǎn)：中國深圳

場地面積：廢墟、荒廢建筑場地3000 m2有效利用面積：120 m2

完工：2009年

Architects: Hsieh Ying-chun, Marco Casagrande, Roan Ching-yueh

Location: Shenzhen, China

Site: 3000 m2waste land, ruined building site

Building footprint: 120 m2

Completed: 2009

該建筑物是在深圳市政廳和打工者非法聚居地之間的一處廢棄建筑物遺址上建立起來的，設(shè)計(jì)靈感來自于昆蟲。用竹子劃片鏤空編制房屋源自于廣西當(dāng)?shù)氐慕ㄖ椒?，由廣西農(nóng)村的流動(dòng)建筑工人帶到城市。

在深港城市建筑雙城雙年展期間，這個(gè)空間可以用于地下樂隊(duì)演奏、詩歌朗誦、討論會(huì)、卡拉OK舉辦，還可以作為附近工地工人的休息室。它遮雨避陽，臺上設(shè)舞臺，底下有暖爐，設(shè)施齊全。雙年展結(jié)束后，《繭》將改建成為一家非官方社交俱樂部，為流動(dòng)農(nóng)村務(wù)工人群提供服務(wù)。

這項(xiàng)建筑是脆弱的，也是柔韌的，其簡易的制作正好符合建筑場地的具體條件——出自一片廢墟。在這里，建筑強(qiáng)大的控制性被拋棄，相反，那份本性和自然步入殿堂。弱建筑正是人性與自然之間的中介，是設(shè)計(jì)師、施工人員和區(qū)域知識共同參與規(guī)劃的結(jié)晶。

在深圳這樣的城市里，生活在城市中心的人們渴望逃離那種爆炸式的都市喧囂，而這種可愛的繭狀建筑恰好為他們提供了暫時(shí)的休憩之所，并將建筑（工業(yè)昆蟲）從一切非自然的力量中解放出來。

難道只有當(dāng)世界毀滅社會(huì)才能重生嗎？人類非要重回一千年前才能認(rèn)識到自然和原始才是永恒的嗎？

我們需要讓這些設(shè)想就在現(xiàn)在實(shí)現(xiàn)。

讓人們相信，讓人們盡情嘲笑他們懷有的所謂激情，因?yàn)樗麄兎Q之為激情的其實(shí)并不屬于純粹的感情能量，那只是他們靈魂與外部世界之間產(chǎn)生的摩擦。

而最重要的是：就讓他們相信自己，就讓他們像無助的孩子一樣，因?yàn)椋?/p>

柔能克剛（柔弱即是偉大，剛強(qiáng)一文不值） —— “潛行者”，安德烈?塔科夫斯基

“弱”團(tuán)隊(duì)建造的《繭》

《繭》源于馬可.卡薩格蘭、謝英俊和阮慶樂三位來自不同地域的建筑師間的一場討論。我們都是弱者！我們向大自然學(xué)習(xí)，在昆蟲身上找尋建筑的靈感。我們應(yīng)該是柔弱的！建筑師應(yīng)當(dāng)是柔弱的工業(yè)昆蟲。

設(shè)計(jì)過程是非常痛苦的，一開始我們各執(zhí)己見，把設(shè)計(jì)拉向了三個(gè)完全不同的方向。但最后我們放棄了設(shè)計(jì)，讓設(shè)計(jì)本身引領(lǐng)我們，我們需要做的僅是學(xué)會(huì)傾聽。令建筑本身引導(dǎo)建筑師，建筑師們靜心聆聽。

僅僅只有設(shè)計(jì)是不夠的，設(shè)計(jì)不能取代現(xiàn)實(shí)。樓房要建筑在特定的地理位置上，樓房要適應(yīng)周圍的環(huán)境，它必須反映生命、呈現(xiàn)自我，如同其他任何一種生物一樣。建筑的控制性違背自然，也違背建筑本身，建造好的人類環(huán)境應(yīng)被視之為人性與自然之間的融合。人類必須順從天性，柔弱地成為自然的一部分。

在農(nóng)村流動(dòng)工人營地前的《繭》

當(dāng)所謂的“設(shè)計(jì)”被拿進(jìn)建筑場地，工地里的人們開始工作，建筑工人就是場地與設(shè)計(jì)間的詮釋者。我們的建筑團(tuán)隊(duì)來自廣西、河南與四川的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，他們把現(xiàn)代人與大自然的聯(lián)系——“當(dāng)?shù)氐闹R”帶進(jìn)了城市。他們勤勞的雙手曾經(jīng)建造了一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的深圳，現(xiàn)在他們同樣創(chuàng)造了《繭》。只不過，大都市深圳的建設(shè)控制性十足，而《繭》是天然、柔韌的象征。

對于建筑控制性，我們必須拋棄，這樣我們才能真正遵循自然理念并融于自然。

為非法遷移工人打造的民間社交俱樂部

具體而言，我們的建筑工人個(gè)性敏銳，富有創(chuàng)造力和責(zé)任性。他們就像昆蟲一樣，懂得如何在自然中建造家園。作為建筑師，我們須要成為他們中的一份子，在建筑方面邁出更為柔和、矯健和流暢的步伐。

從更廣意義上來說，如果我們真正學(xué)會(huì)理解這些數(shù)以億計(jì)的流動(dòng)務(wù)工人員與城市之間的聯(lián)系，也許我們就能夠打碎一座座工業(yè)都市，真正使城市成為大自然的一部分。

The building is realized on a wasteland of a ruined building site in-between the Shenzhen City Hall and an illegal workers camp. The design is inspired by insects.The bamboo construction methods are based on local knowledge from rural Guanxi brought into the city by the migrating construction workers.

The space is used during the SZHK Biennale for underground bands, poetry reading, discussions, karaoke and as a lounge for the illegal workers from the neighboring camp. The building offers a shade, a stage and a fireplace. After the Biennale the Bug Dome will act as an un-official social club for illegal workers from the Chinese countryside.

The building is weak, flexible and improvised to meet the site-specific conditions. It is growing from a ruin. The architectural control has been given up in order to let the nature step in. The weak architecture is a mediator between the human nature and nature. The construction is a result of participatory planning between the designers,construction workers and local knowledge.

The cocoon is a weak retreat for the modern man to escape from the strength of the exploding urbanism in the heart of Shenzhen. It is a shelter to protect the industrial insects from the elements of un-nature.

When the fire is up a society is born again. One has to take the liberty to travel a thousand years back in order to realize that the things are the same.

Let everything that has been planned come true.

Let them believe. And let them have a laugh at their passions. Because what they call passion actually is not some emotional energy but just a friction between their souls and the outside world.

And most important: let them believe in themselves. Let them be helpless like children, because: weakness is a great thing and strength is nothing.

- “Stalker”, Andrei Tarkovsky

Bug Dome by the WEAK!

The Bug Dome is a result of discussions between Marco Casagrande, Hsieh Ying-chun and Roan Ching-yueh. Together we are the WEAK! Insects inspire our construction methods. WEAK! Architects are the industrial insects.

The design process was painful. We were all ripping the design to all three individual directions but in the end we gave up and the design became the boss and we learned to listen. Architecture gives the commands and architects listen.

To design is not enough. Design should not replace reality. The building must grow from the site; it must react for its surroundings, it must reflect life and it must let to be itself, like any other living creature. Architectural control is against nature and it is against architecture. Built human environment is a mediator between human nature and nature. Man must be weak to be part of nature.

Bug Dome in front of the migrant workers camp.

When the “design” was brought to the site, the site got to it. The interpreters between the site and the design were the construction workers. Our team came from the rural areas of Guanxi, Henan and Sichuan. They bought to the city with them the connection between the modern men and nature – local knowledge.The same hands that build the Bug Dome have also build the modern Shenzhen.Shenzhen is a manifest of control; Bug Dome is manifest of weakness.

What comes to architectural control, we must give up in order for the nature to step in and for the human nature as part of nature.

Un-official social club for illegal workers

Our construction workers were sensitive, creative and responsible. They knew how to construct nature as insects do. As architects we had to become part of them to gain soft, organic and moving space.

In large scale, if we learn to understand the connection what the hundreds of millions of hands that are now migrating from the rural China to the modern cities might bring along them, we might be able to ruin the industrial city. We might be able to make the city to be part of nature.