2010上海世博會(huì)阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)館，上海，中國(guó)

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：福斯特及合伙人事務(wù)所

ARCHITECTS: Foster + Partners

1 世博會(huì)開(kāi)放的沙丘形展館/The dune-shaped pavilion open during the Expo.

阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)的景觀與氣候是其文化最基本的組成部分。為2010上海世博會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)的阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)館，其靈感自然來(lái)自于7個(gè)酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)的共同特色——巨大的圓形沙丘。建筑金色的不銹鋼反光表面更進(jìn)一步讓人聯(lián)想起沙漠中變幻莫測(cè)的光影色彩。

為了響應(yīng)世博會(huì)的主題“城市讓生活更美好”——這一主題承認(rèn)了全世界已有一半以上人口居住在城市中的事實(shí)，場(chǎng)館展出了一個(gè)十分前衛(wèi)的案例——馬斯達(dá)爾市，一座位于阿布扎比的“零碳排放”、“零廢棄”城市，它將會(huì)成為能源生產(chǎn)新理念發(fā)展的核心。展館建筑物本身的設(shè)計(jì)則展現(xiàn)了若干被動(dòng)式環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)的策略。沙丘的形狀是由不斷變化的氣流形成的，其受風(fēng)面較為平整，被風(fēng)吹過(guò)沙丘脊線的沙礫則堆積在背風(fēng)面。建筑物的造型也暗示了這一原理，它的朝向能使主導(dǎo)風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)變風(fēng)向，并起到阻擋作用。沙丘的曲線也反映了太陽(yáng)運(yùn)行的弧線；建筑北面安裝了狹窄的天窗用于采光，而南側(cè)則更為嚴(yán)實(shí)，以最大程度減小對(duì)太陽(yáng)光的吸收。但是，為了滿足展覽空間內(nèi)部功能的需要，天窗后來(lái)被取消。

形式復(fù)雜的外殼斜面高達(dá)20m，以邊長(zhǎng)2m的三角分型網(wǎng)格為格架，上覆不銹鋼瓦。入口處的拱形頂棚可為排隊(duì)等候的人群提供遮陽(yáng)；展館的朝向突出了一個(gè)大型公共廣場(chǎng)，它讓等候進(jìn)入的游客能夠觀賞到室外舞臺(tái)上的演出。由于總占地面積多達(dá)3 452m2，該建筑物因此成為整個(gè)上海世博園中最大的建成結(jié)構(gòu)，其中包括近3 000m2的展覽空間和設(shè)有商務(wù)中心和視聽(tīng)室的躍層，設(shè)計(jì)還考慮到令其可在世博會(huì)結(jié)束后方便地拆除和搬移?！酰ㄐ熘m 譯）

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Gerard Evenden, Martin Castle, Miriam Dall' igna, Alexandra Howieson,Shyuan Kuee, Michael Ng, Sukdev Indra, Marilu Sicoli Vidal

合作建筑師/Collaborating Architect: East China Architectural Design Institute

結(jié)構(gòu)/Structural: Halvorson and Partners

造價(jià)/Cost: Davis Langdon

機(jī)電工程/ME: Piers Heath Associates

景觀/Landscape: Ralph Appelbaum Associates

照明/Lighting: Claude Engle Lighting Consultant

攝影（除標(biāo)注外）/Photos (Except as noted): Nigel Young/Foster Partners

2 展館前期夜間效果圖/Early visualisation of the pavilion, illuminated at night.

The landscape and climate of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are an elemental part of Emirati culture. The form of the UAE Pavilion for the 2010 Shanghai Expo naturally drew inspiration from the vast rolling sand dunes that are a common feature of all seven emirates. The changing light and colours of the desert were further evoked in the building's reflective skin of gold-coloured stainless steel.

Responding to the Expo's theme of "Better Cities, Better Lives"－a recognition of the fact that more than half of the world's population now lives in cities－the pavilion provided a showcase for pioneering projects such as Masdar City, a carbon-neutral, zero-waste community in Abu Dhabi, intended to become a centre for the development of new ideas for energy production.The building itself was designed to demonstrate a number of passive environmental strategies.Shaped by changing air currents, sand dunes appear smooth on the side that bears the full force of the wind, and rough on the leeward side, where the sand collects as it is blown over the ridge. The form of the building suggested this pattern and it was oriented to deflect, and provide shelter from,the prevailing wind. The curve of the dune was also originally designed to respond to the sun's arc;the north elevation having narrow louvres to admit daylight, while the south-facing areas were solid to minimise solar gain. However the louvres were later omitted in response to the internal functions of the exhibition space.

The complex shell forms, whose slopes rose to a peak of 20 metres, were cloaked in stainlesssteel cladding configured on a 2-metre triangulated grid. Arched entrance canopies provided shelter for people as they queued to enter; and the pavilion was oriented to address a large public square enabling visitors waiting to enter to watch performances on an open-air stage. With a total footprint of 3,452 square metres, the building was one of the largest structures built for the Shanghai Expo – enclosing approximately 3,000 square metres of exhibition space, including a mezzanine business centre and auditoria－and was designed to be dismantled easily and relocated when the Expo ended.□

3 傍晚的展館/Pavilion at dusk（攝影/Photos: Chris Abel）

4 傍晚的展館/Pavilion at dusk（攝影/Photos: Chris Abel）

5 傍晚的展館/Pavilion at dusk（攝影/Photos: Chris Abel）

6 傍晚的展館/Pavilion at dusk（攝影/Photos: Chris Abel）

7 立面圖/Diagram of elevation

8 展館前部?jī)蓚€(gè)“沙丘”的剖面：內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)/Diagram of section through twin“dunes” in front part of pavilion showing internal structures.

9 側(cè)立面圖：前后兩個(gè)“沙丘”之間的“山谷”/Diagram of side elevation showing“valley” between front and rear“dunes”.

10 前后“山丘”剖面/Section through front and rear“dunes”.

11 展館前部剖面/Detailed section through front part of pavilion behind entranceway.

12 金色不銹鋼曲面板細(xì)部，模仿沙丘光滑的迎風(fēng)面/Detail of the building’s curved golden facade of stainless steel panels, modeled on the typically smooth, windward side of sand dunes.

13 分隔成條的表面細(xì)部，模仿沙丘背風(fēng)面/Facade details showing ribbed surfaces mimicking the leeward side of a dune.

14 分隔成條的表面細(xì)部，模仿沙丘背風(fēng)面/Facade details showing ribbed surfaces mimicking the leeward side of a dune.