最懂人間煙火的小城

夏日頂配，必有煙花。生活在湖南的人們，一年365天都可以輕松“炫”煙花，幾乎每逢周末或者假期，都能坐享盛大的煙花大會。2008年北京奧運會，2022年北京冬奧會、卡塔爾世界杯的開閉幕式，以及每年長沙橘子洲頭元旦表演，這些盛事背后都有一名“氛圍組擔(dān)當(dāng)”——煙火小城瀏陽。

A perfect summer's night has to include fireworks！ In Hunan， people can enjoy fireworks all year round，meaning 365 days of dazzling displays Almost every weekend or holiday， there are grand fireworks shows which light up the sky. From the breathtaking opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics，as well as the Beijing Winter Olympics and Qatar World Cup in 2022， to thespectacularNew Year'sEve showat Orange Isle inChangsha，behind all these magical momentsis one small but mighty city - the country's “fireworks capital\" Liuyang.

這座小縣城，承包了中式浪漫This Small Cityis the EssenceofChinese Romance

瀏陽花炮盛產(chǎn)于唐宋年間。1935年出版的《中國實業(yè)志·湖南篇》有記載：“蓋湘省鞭爆之制造，始于唐，盛于宋，發(fā)源于瀏陽也?！碧拼懂惵勪洝防镆灿涊d有這么一個故事：南川河兩岸不時傳來有人被山魈所害的消息，連唐太宗李世民都被驚擾到龍體難安，遂下詔全國求醫(yī)。瀏陽南鄉(xiāng)大瑤山的李町費盡苦心研制出爆竹，成功驅(qū)煞辟邪。李畋因此被唐太宗封為“爆竹祖師”，如今的瀏陽田家巷還有紀念他的“祖師廟”。

Liuyang's tradition of fireworks dates back to the Tang and Song dynasties.A 1935 publication， China IndustrialRecords：HunanSection，notesthat： “The making of firecrackers in Hunan began in the Tang Dynasty， flourished in the Song Dynasty， and originated in Liuyang.”A tale from the Tang Dynasty's Records of Strange Stories tells of eerie attacks by mountain spirits along the banks of theNanchuan River;thesedisturbanceseven left Emperor Taizong of Tang restless，and in response he issued a nationwide call fora remedy. A man named Li Tian from Dayao Mountain in Nanxiang， Liuyang devoted himself to creating firecrackers， successfully using them to ward off evil spirits.His invention earned him the title of “Ancestor of Firecrackers” from the emperor; to this day，a temple in Tianjia Alley， Liuyang， stands in his honor.

瀏陽的山水似乎注定是要孕育花炮的。瀏陽地處湘贛邊界，四面環(huán)山，這里雖然用于耕種的田地面積較少，但特殊的地貌給危險系數(shù)較高的花炮產(chǎn)業(yè)提供了天然屏障。高山林海擁有豐富的自然資源，似乎也是專為花炮準(zhǔn)備的。制作黑火藥所需的原材料，如杉木、楠竹、硫磺、紅土、硝石等，一般都能在當(dāng)?shù)卣业?，瀏陽人制作花炮很容易就地取材。

Liuyang's mountains and rivers seem destined tonurturetheartoffireworks.Nestledattheborder of Hunan and Jiangxi， this small city is surrounded by mountains.Although farmland is scarce，the unique landscape provides a natural safeguard for thehigh-risk fireworks industry.Thevast forests and richnaturalresourcesherefeelalmosttailor-made for firework production; the essential ingredients forblackpowder，such as Chinese fir，Nan bamboo， sulfur，red clay，and saltpeter， areall readily available For the people ofLiuyang，crafting fireworks has always been a question of using what nature provides.

元代忽必烈的皇孫鐵穆耳曾到過湖南瀏陽，被煙花爆竹的絢爛震撼，于是將瀏陽工匠帶到京城制作煙花，瀏陽花炮由此逐漸打響名號。及至公元13世紀初，瀏陽花炮由外國使者和商人經(jīng)絲綢之路傳入印度，再逐步走向阿拉伯地區(qū)和歐美。到了清代，花炮已經(jīng)成為瀏陽的成熟產(chǎn)業(yè)，南市街一帶 80% 的民戶都從事花炮生產(chǎn)，當(dāng)?shù)厮赜小笆揖疟钡恼f法。“瀏陽花炮震天下”的美名也是在這個時期攢下來的。20世紀90年代，花炮出口占瀏陽出口總額的 90% 以上。近年來，瀏陽花炮每年產(chǎn)值均超20億元。瀏陽成了名副其實的“中國花炮之鄉(xiāng)”。

In the Yuan Dynasty， Temir， the grandson of Kublai Khan，visited Liuyang， Hunan; he was so impressed by the brilliance of the fireworks that he brought Liuyang artisans to the capital to craft them for the imperial court. This marked the introduction of Liuyang fireworks gaining a reputation beyond the city's borders.By the early 13th century， foreign envoys and merchants carried Liuyang fireworks along the Silk Road to India， gradually introducing them to the Arab world and Europe. By the time of the Qing Dynasty， Liuyang had developed a thriving fireworks industry： 80% of households in the Nanshi Street were involved in their production， leading to the saying：“Nine out of ten families make fireworks. It was during this time that Liuyang ned its legendary reputation，with the slogan “Liuyang Fireworks

Shake the World\" By the 1990s， fireworks accounted for over 90% of Liuyang's total exports. Today， with an annual production value exceeding 2 billion yuan， Liuyang hasrightfully earned its title as“China's fireworkscapital\"

瀏陽河，彎過了幾道彎 Liuyang River， Meandering Through Time

瀏陽河是瀏陽的母親河，它蜿蜒流向一片蔥郁中的山間人家，途經(jīng)散落著的人間煙火，流入湘江，就這么串起了瀏陽城區(qū)的風(fēng)光。觀賞瀏陽山水的最佳點莫過于西湖山，它是瀏陽市區(qū)最高的山。登頂西湖山，一覽九曲十八彎的瀏陽河，大半個瀏陽老城區(qū)盡收眼底。到了煙花綻放的時刻，這里就是最好的觀景臺。

The Liuyang River is the heart and soul of Liuyang; it winds gracefully through lush green mountains and villages full of life and finally flows into the Xiang River. Along its banks there are scenes of everyday charm， connecting the beauty of Liuyang's cityscape.

The best view of Liuyang's stunning landscape is from Xihu Mountain， the city’s highest peak. From the summit， viewers can take in the breathtaking sight of the river's meandering curves and the charm of Liuyang's old town spread out below; when fireworks light up the night sky， there is no better place to watch the magic unfold.

瀏陽河的發(fā)源地大圍山是絕佳的踏青點。炎炎夏日，峰林密布的大圍山是瀏陽人私享的避暑勝地，森林公園里的峽谷和瀑布讓人目不暇接，也最適合溯溪漂流。當(dāng)然，這里最美的季節(jié)是每年的四五月份，十多萬畝杜鵑花漫山遍野，爭相盛放。若是碰上日出時分，杜鵑花海更是宛若仙境。

Daweishan， the source of the Liuyang River， is the perfect spot for a break in nature; in the summer heat， its dense peaks and forests make it a hidden retreat for the locals of Liuyang， offering cool relief on the hottest days. The forest park has many breathtaking canyons and waterfalls which are perfect for rafting. The most beautiful season hereis April and May，when over one hundred thousand acres of rhododendrons blanket the mountains in a breathtaking sea of blooms. If you are lucky enough to catch them at sunrise， the scene is nothing short ofa fairyland.

大圍山的山腳下藏著一座原生態(tài)的古樸鎮(zhèn)——白沙古鎮(zhèn)，至今已有800多年歷史。

這里地處湘贛兩省交通要道，自古商貿(mào)發(fā)達，人文氣息濃厚，曾有“小南京”之稱。白沙古鎮(zhèn)總有一種讓人穿越回舊時光的魔力，臨河而建的吊腳樓、轉(zhuǎn)動的水車、河面的渡船、河邊相互映襯的蘆葦和垂柳，構(gòu)成了夢里原鄉(xiāng)的風(fēng)景畫。在河?xùn)|集鎮(zhèn)上還有一條麻石路，古街邊上滿是青磚黑瓦的房子，這種未被商業(yè)化沾染的樸素實在難得。

At the foot of Daweishan lies the hidden gem of Baisha Ancient Town; this is a well-preserved， rustic town with a history of over 80o years. Sitting at the crossroads of Hunan and Jiangxi， it was once a bustling trade hub， rich in culture and formerly called \"little Nanjing.\" Baisha has a magical way of making visitors feel that they have stepped back in time. Housesonstiltslinetheriverbanks，waterwheelsturn steadily，ferriesdriftacrossthewater，andreedsand willow trees sway gently in the breeze， all combining topaintapictureofadreamlikehomeland.In HedongMarket Town，a stone-paved street winds through rows of old houseswith black-tiled roofs and graybrick walls，untouched by commercialization; such unspoiled charm is a truly rare find.

在瀏陽，你還能瞥見湖南古老罕有的客家文化。湖南既是客家人的接納地，又是客家人西遷的中轉(zhuǎn)地?？图胰诉w入瀏陽始于宋末明初，最盛當(dāng)數(shù)明清時期。一批批客家人隨著“江西填湖廣”的移民大潮進入湖南。之后，隨著“湖廣填四川”的移民潮，閩、粵、贛的客家人又經(jīng)由湖南遷往四川。歷史上的客家人逢山而住，湘東的羅霄山區(qū)就聚集了大批湖南的客家人。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，目前該地區(qū)仍約有30萬人居住。如今，在以大圍山為代表的東鄉(xiāng)山區(qū)地帶，不僅保留有客家人獨有的土樓建筑，客家山歌等風(fēng)俗也源遠流長。

In Liuyang， you can catch a glimpse of Hunan's rare and ancient Hakka culture.Hunan has long been both a destination for Hakka settlers and a key transit point for those migrating westwards. The first Hakka people arrived in Liuyang during the late Songand early Ming dynasties， with their numbers peaking in the Ming and Qing periods. Successive waves of Hakka people arrived in Hunan during the large-scale “Jiangxi Fills Huguang\" migration.Later， during the“HuguangFills Sichuan” movement， many Hakka from Fujian， Guangdong， and Jiangxi passed through Hunan en route to Sichuan. Historically， the Hakka people built their homes in the mountains， and the Luoxiao Mountain range in eastern Hunan becamea major settlement area. Today， some 300，00o Hakka descendants still live in this region. In the Dongxiang mountainous areas， with Daweishan being a prime example， there remain traditional Hakka tulou （earth buildings） in which the echoes of ancient Hakka mountain songs can be heard， preserving a rich cultural heritage that has stood the test of time.

瀏陽菜，湖南第一“蒸”功夫 Liuyang Cuisine： The No.1 \"Steaming Master\" in Hunan

所謂“一方水土養(yǎng)一方人”，大圍山的客家人將“蒸菜”這一古法美食演繹得出神入化，讓瀏陽成為“中國蒸菜之鄉(xiāng)”。

As the saying goes： “The land shapes its people， and nowhere is this truer than in Liuyang. TheHakka people of Daweishan have perfected the ancient art of steaming，making Liuyang China's renowned \"hometown of steamed cuisine\"

相傳，瀏陽蒸菜起源于500多年前的明朝。彼時大圍山山腳下的客家人為了躲避官府抓丁，想到用“蒸”的方式做飯，以減少炊煙。久而久之，這種烹調(diào)方式造就了獨具風(fēng)味的瀏陽菜系。

Legend has it that Liuyang's steamed cuisine dates back over 500 years to the Ming Dynasty. At that time， the Hakka people living at the foot of Daweishan used steamingasameansofcookingwithminimalsmoke， helping them to avoid detection by government conscription officers.Over time，this practical technique evolved into a distinctive culinary tradition， giving rise to the unique flavors of Liuyang cuisine.

其實中國各大菜系皆有蒸菜，但湖南瀏陽蒸菜別具一格：辣椒是其靈魂。瀏陽蒸菜承襲湘菜文化，而辣椒在瀏陽人的眼中是如水果般日常的存在，在“蒸菜版圖”中占據(jù)著重要位置。瀏陽人對辣椒在蒸菜中的運用可謂十分講究，容不得半點馬虎。他們有一套源自祖輩的“搭配秘方”，每種辣椒都有自己的“黃金法則”。

Steamed dishesare found in all major Chinese cuisines，although Liuyang's steamed cuisine stands out for one key reason： its soul is chili peppers. Rooted in Hunan's spicy food culture， to locals， chilies are as common as fruit， being an everyday essential which plays a vibrant role on the steamed cuisine map. The people ofLiuyang take their chilli pairings seriously， following time-honored “matching formulas” passed down through generations; each type of chili has its own golden rule when it comes to creatingtheperfectsteameddish.

蒸菜的主角多是臘味和干菜，用料多為臘豬肉、臘雞、臘魚、臘牛肉等臘肉，以及筍干、蘿卜干、干扁豆、干豆腐、干豆角等素干菜。瀏陽豆豉也是點亮蒸菜的配角，氣味濃郁得讓人垂涎不已。瀏陽蒸菜的“蒸”功夫，是不能用高壓鍋、電爐來走捷徑的。它主打的是精細和慢，用的是竹篾蒸籠，蒸的工序也不能打亂，就連最后盛菜用的器皿，也是經(jīng)過多年試驗篩選出的土陶缽。這一套煩瑣的流程下來，瀏陽蒸菜最大限度地保留了食物的原汁原味。

Thehighlights of Liuyang's steamed dishesare often curedmeatsanddriedvegetables，withingredientssuch as cured pork， cured chicken， cured fish，and cured beef， aswell asdriedbamboo shoots，dried radish，driedbeans， dried tofu，and dried green beans.Liuyang's fermented black beans also play a supporting role， contributing a rich，mouthwatering aroma which makes the dishes irresistible. Regarding the steaming technique， there is no shortcut with pressure cookers or electric stoves; the key is in precision and patience. Traditional bamboo steamers are used， and the steaming process must be followed carefully， step by step.Even the

servingdishes-theearthenwarebowls—are theresult of years of trial and selection. This meticulous process ensuresthatthefoodretainsitsnatural，authenticflavors to the fullest extent.

在瀏陽，你總能找到那種閉著眼點菜都好吃的蒼蠅蒸菜小館。一碟大份的蒸菜，二三十元就能拿下。因此，瀏陽蒸菜也被戲稱為人均50元就能滿足的“湖南版沙縣小吃”?！昂们〉绵?！”但就是這平平無奇的瀏陽蒸菜，成功拿下了兩次吉尼斯世界紀錄。

In Liuyang there are many small and humble steamed food outlets to be found， where you could probably order with your eyes closed and be sure that the food will taste amazing. A generous serving of steamed dishes costs only 20 to 30 yuan，making Liuyang'ssteamedcuisinealocal favorite often jokinglytermed“the Hunan version of Shaxian snacks，”being delicious and affordable，with just 50 yuanbeingsufficient to satisfy you. Itis so tasty！ Yet， it is these seemingly simple steamed dishes which have earned Liuyang two Guinness World Records.

每一天，在長沙都有大量游客樂此不疲地排隊觀看橘子洲頭的煙花，或是沉浸于“茶顏悅色”的打卡狂潮。你不妨拐個彎到附近的瀏陽，感受一下這座既能“火上天”又能“火入饌”、最懂人間煙火的小城。

Many tourists flock to Changsha， never tired of lining up to see fireworks at Orange Isle or getting swept up in the craze for Chayan Yuese; so why not take a detour to Liuyang？ It's a small city which not only knows how to send fireworks soaring into the sky， but also captures flavor in its food， understanding the warmth of everyday life.