中考作文真題寫作導(dǎo)航

曲永華

中考作文無(wú)論怎么考，不外乎包含以下幾類：觀點(diǎn)看法類、說(shuō)明闡述類、活動(dòng)介紹類、咨詢建議類、人物描寫類以及敘事描寫類。無(wú)論是哪一種考試形式，都要厘清自己的寫作思路，要認(rèn)真審題：1.看文章的體裁;2.看文章話題，也就是題材;3.看用第幾人稱為主去寫;4.看用什么時(shí)態(tài)為主;5.考慮段落布局，一般為三段式;6.認(rèn)真修改。下面選取全國(guó)各地2021年中考作文進(jìn)行剖析解讀。

一、（2021·江蘇·鹽城）初中三年，我們都有一些難以忘懷的經(jīng)歷。學(xué)校英語(yǔ)俱樂部將組織題為“An Unforgettable Experience”的征文比賽。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)提示，寫一篇短文參賽。

1. What was the experience？

2. What have you learned from it？

注意事項(xiàng)∶

1.詞數(shù)∶ 100 詞左右（文章開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）;

2.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名、校名等信息;

3.文章必須包含所有要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使短文連貫、通順。

An Unforgettable Experience

Looking back on the past three years， everyone had some unforgettable experiences.

思路引領(lǐng)：

1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。

2.體裁：記敘文。

3.題材（話題）：個(gè)人活動(dòng)與人際交往。

4.人稱：第一人稱為主。

5.時(shí)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主。

6.段落布局：作文可分為三段，第一段引出話題——難忘的經(jīng)歷;第二段介紹令自己難忘的經(jīng)歷;第三段介紹自己的感受和學(xué)到了什么。

7.修改：要把提示材料都寫進(jìn)去。保證語(yǔ)句連貫，無(wú)語(yǔ)法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

滿分范文：

An Unforgettable Experience

Looking back on the past three years， everyone had some unforgettable experiences. I will never forget the experience of being a volunteer for the Asian Games held in our city.

Being one of the three volunteers selected from our school， I felt excited and proud. To make sure that I could provide the best service， I practiced in my spare time， especially my spoken English. When the day finally came， I felt a little bit nervous because I was afraid of making any mistakes. Fortunately， I performed well and was spoken highly of by the volunteer organization.

I learned that we should be confident and hard-working. It was the first time that I had been a volunteer for such an important event， which made me proud ever since.

亮點(diǎn)圈畫：請(qǐng)?jiān)谧魑闹腥Ξ嬃咙c(diǎn)詞、短語(yǔ)、句子，然后背誦下來(lái)，以便學(xué)以致用！

二、（2021·湖南·永州）每個(gè)人心中都有一個(gè)閃亮的名字，如張桂梅、鐘南山、你的媽媽×××……假如你是李華，請(qǐng)給你的英國(guó)筆友Linda寫一封電子郵件，介紹你心目中的一位英雄。

注意事項(xiàng)：1. 信中必須包含英雄的基本信息和主要事跡; 2. 信中不得出現(xiàn)自己的校名和姓名;3. 80詞左右（首段已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。

Dear Linda，

How are you getting on？ I’m writing this email to share a story with you.

That’s all. Thanks for listening.

思路引領(lǐng)：

1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。

2.體裁：應(yīng)用文（寫信）。

3.題材（話題）：家庭、朋友與周圍的人。

4.人稱：第一人稱和第三人稱相結(jié)合。

5.時(shí)態(tài)：以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。

6.段落布局：作文可分為三段，第一段引出話題——我最欽佩的人;第二段介紹這個(gè)人為何讓你欽佩，寫出幾個(gè)實(shí)例;第三段介紹自己要向他學(xué)習(xí)，也要做一個(gè)讓人欽佩的人，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。同時(shí)，為自己最欽佩的人祈福。

7.修改：寫作時(shí)要與已給出的開頭和結(jié)尾融合起來(lái)，可以適當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)揮;要運(yùn)用正確的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式，要選用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯、短語(yǔ)、句式，為文章增色;要把提示材料都寫進(jìn)去，做到要點(diǎn)齊全，保證語(yǔ)句連貫，無(wú)語(yǔ)法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

滿分范文：

Dear Linda，

How are you getting on？ I’m writing this email to share a story with you.

The person I admire most is my mother. She is in her forties. She is a great mother and a good doctor. When I have troubles in my study， she always listens to my problems patiently. And she advises me how to solve them and encourages me to challenge these problems. And I always succeed in solving them. As a doctor， she often says she can’t be too careful. She sets a good example for my study. she often works extra hours. She has devoted most of her time to her work. So I think she is not only a good mother but also a good doctor.

I hope I can be a person like her. I’m sure I can achieve my dream one day. I also hope she will pay more attention to her own health. She’d better have more time to relax herself.

That’s all. Thanks for listening.

亮點(diǎn)圈畫：請(qǐng)?jiān)谧魑闹腥Ξ嬃咙c(diǎn)詞、短語(yǔ)、句子，然后背誦下來(lái)，以便學(xué)以致用！

三、（2021·四川·廣安） 習(xí)近平主席在全國(guó)教育大會(huì)上強(qiáng)調(diào)，中學(xué)生要做德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人。某中學(xué)正在開展“做一名新時(shí)代的合格中學(xué)生”活動(dòng)。假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)的李揚(yáng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，向全校同學(xué)寫一篇倡議書。

要點(diǎn)提示：1. 愛國(guó)、愛家、誠(chéng)信、友好;2. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想;3. 參加體育鍛煉，保持身心健康;4. 熱愛大自然，保護(hù)環(huán)境，與動(dòng)物和諧相處;5. 積極參加各種活動(dòng)，如打掃教室，幫助父母做家務(wù)等。

注意事項(xiàng)：1. 字跡工整、書寫規(guī)范，包含全部要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;2. 文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的學(xué)校、班級(jí)名稱;3. 80詞左右，開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：keep one’s promise（守信）， nature （自然）， environment （環(huán)境）， get on well with （和諧相處）， take an active part in（積極參加）

Dear schoolmates，

I am Li Yang from the Students’ Union. We’re having an activity of being a good student.

思路引領(lǐng)：

1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。

2.體裁：應(yīng)用文（演講稿）。

3.題材（話題）： 社會(huì)行為。

4.人稱：第一人稱。

5.時(shí)態(tài)：主要采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

6.段落布局：作文可分為三段，第一段引出話題——學(xué)校正在開展“做一名新時(shí)代的合格中學(xué)生”活動(dòng);第二段介紹從哪些方面應(yīng)該怎么做一名新時(shí)代的合格中學(xué)生，并給出建議;第三段呼吁同學(xué)們趕快行動(dòng)起來(lái)，爭(zhēng)取成為一名新時(shí)代的合格中學(xué)生。

7.修改：寫作時(shí)要與已給出的開頭融合起來(lái)，可以適當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)揮;要運(yùn)用正確的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式，選用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯、短語(yǔ)、句式，為文章增色;要把提示材料都寫進(jìn)去，注意過(guò)渡詞銜接;要做到要點(diǎn)齊全，保證語(yǔ)句連貫，無(wú)語(yǔ)法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

滿分范文：

Dear schoolmates，

I am Li Yang from the Students’ Union. We’re having an activity of being a good student.

First of all， we must love our country and home. We should be honest and keep our promise. And we should also be friendly to the people around us. Secondly， it’s our duty to study hard and we should try our best to achieve our dreams. Next， taking exercise can make us keep healthy. After that， we are supposed to show love to nature and protect the environment. Animals are our friends， so we should get on well with them. What’s more， we should get into the habit of taking an active part in all kinds of activities， such as tidying up the classroom and helping our parents with housework.

Come on！ I believe we can make it.

亮點(diǎn)圈畫：請(qǐng)?jiān)谧魑闹腥Ξ嬃咙c(diǎn)詞、短語(yǔ)、句子，然后背誦下來(lái)，以便學(xué)以致用！