上海軌交16號(hào)線周浦東站07-05地塊配套小學(xué)，上海，中國

該項(xiàng)目為上海軌交16號(hào)線周浦東站地區(qū)的社區(qū)配套文教設(shè)施之一，位于韻濤路以北，六灶港河以南，周泰路以東，周秀路以西，三面臨路交通便捷，且具有較佳的臨河景觀資源，區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)顯著。該小學(xué)具備30班規(guī)模，建成后可容納約1200名學(xué)生就讀。

成長之樹

方案從校園空間的營造入手，營造立體化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的共享空間和活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所，為學(xué)生提供多樣化的空間類型和場(chǎng)所體驗(yàn)。將建筑沿道路布置，可以最大程度地保證對(duì)中心河道與自然景觀的開敞。動(dòng)感的建筑形體和綠化景觀，形成公共空間的整體流動(dòng)性，充分引入自然，使校園與自然共同成長。

共享之臺(tái)

建筑形體上下分層，形成連成一體的共享平臺(tái)，并將學(xué)校的各公共功能在地面以及地上二層聯(lián)系起來。共享平臺(tái)除了連接教學(xué)樓外，還集合了多種公共功能，如德育展廳、圖書館、看臺(tái)等，平臺(tái)空間結(jié)合前廳、開放走廊、大臺(tái)階、公共樓梯等，創(chuàng)造出豐富的空間形態(tài)。

活力之園

教學(xué)與實(shí)驗(yàn)等功能充分滿足日照與景觀要求，與共享平臺(tái)形成有機(jī)整體，并創(chuàng)造出大小不一、尺度各異的活動(dòng)場(chǎng)地與綠化庭院，增加了教學(xué)場(chǎng)所的空間體驗(yàn)并改善教學(xué)區(qū)域的微環(huán)境。利用共享平臺(tái)布置木質(zhì)看臺(tái)，成為聯(lián)系教學(xué)用房與風(fēng)雨操場(chǎng)的紐帶。利用適宜兒童體驗(yàn)的家具、小品等營造活潑的空間氛圍，為學(xué)生提供了豐富的課余活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所，滿足了小學(xué)生的心理行為特點(diǎn)和好奇心理。

江南之韻

建筑造型設(shè)計(jì)力求現(xiàn)代簡潔，避免過度文飾。為提高建筑本體的表現(xiàn)力度，主體部分采用白色飾面砂漿和青磚肌理，局部設(shè)置單坡和雙坡屋頂，營造兼具傳統(tǒng)意蘊(yùn)與現(xiàn)代建筑氣質(zhì)的當(dāng)代江南之韻。在不同教學(xué)單元間采用彩色裝飾，形成明快活潑的教學(xué)氛圍，同時(shí)間隔搭配穿孔鋁板及鋁合金格柵，組合成富有韻律的開放界面。西側(cè)共享廊道結(jié)合活動(dòng)空間形成空中綠化庭院，在豐富空間的同時(shí)也提升了建筑的綠色生態(tài)性能。□

1 東南鳥瞰/Southeast aerial view

2 從操場(chǎng)看校園建筑群/View of the campus buildings from the playground（1.2攝影/Photos: 陳顥/CHEN Hao）

This project is one of the educational facilities for the community of East Zhoupu Station area of Shanghai Rail Line 16, which is located to the north of Yuntao Road, the south of Liuzaogang River, the east of Zhoutai Road and the west of Zhouxiu Road. It features convenient road traffic and pleasant riverside landscape resources, highlighting obvious geographical advantages.The primary school is designed to fit 30 classrooms and is expected to accommodate up to 1200 students.

The Tree of Growth

The scheme starts with the construction of the campus space by creating three-dimensional shared space and activity venue that provide students with diversified space and experience. The architectural layout along the roads can ensure the openness of the river and natural landscape to the greatest extent. With dynamic architectural form and landscape, the overall mobility of public space is obtained, making the campus evolve with nature.

The Platform for Sharing

The building is layered vertically to form an integrated platform for sharing, connecting the public functions of different floors. In addition to connecting the classrooms, the platform also integrates a variety of public functions, such as education exhibition hall, library, stadium,grandstand, etc. The platform space combines the front hall, open corridor, grand steps, public stairs,etc., creating a vivid and diverse spatial form.

The Garden of Vitality

The teaching and experiment facilities fully meet the sunlight exposure and landscape view requirements, forming an organic whole with the platform for sharing. Activity venues and green courtyards with different sizes and scales have also been established, not only enhancing the spatial experience of teaching areas but also improving the micro-environment within it. Putting the psychological and behavioural characteristics as well as the students' curiosity into consideration,furniture and installations suitable for children are used to create a lively atmosphere and provide students with rich extracurricular activities.

The Glamour of Jiangnan Area

The architectural design is modern and concise, not only avoiding excessive decoration but also showing greater emphasis on the building's expression. The main surface adopts white decorative mortar and grey bricks, with partial single-sloped and double-sloped roofs, creating the contemporary glamour of Jiangnan area,incorporating both its traditional implication and modern architectural style. Colour-based decorations are employed for different teaching units to form a lively teaching atmosphere. At the same time,perforated aluminium plates and aluminium alloy grilles are matched at intervals to form a rhythmic open interface. Furthermore, the common corridor on the west side is combined with the activity space to form a suspended green courtyard, which not only enriches the space but also enhances the green ecological performance of the building.□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 王建國，蔣楠，王小嘉，沈宇馳，呂明揚(yáng)等/WANG Jianguo, JIANG Nan, WANG Xiaojia SHEN Yuchi, LYU Mingyang, et al.

建筑面積/Floor Area: 16,300 m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2015-2018

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2021

攝影/Photos: 陳顥，王建國，張雷/CHEN Hao, WANG Jianguo, ZHANG Lei

3 校園主入口/Main entrance（攝影/Photo: 陳顥/CHEN Hao）

評(píng)論

李翔寧：上海軌交16號(hào)線周浦東站07-05地塊配套小學(xué)位于上海浦東新區(qū)南部。16號(hào)線周浦東站位于南北向的滬奉高速公路沿線，東側(cè)為新近建成的上海國際醫(yī)學(xué)園區(qū)，西側(cè)規(guī)劃以生活區(qū)為主。項(xiàng)目場(chǎng)地位于軌交站點(diǎn)西側(cè)500m，場(chǎng)地周邊仍處于開發(fā)狀態(tài)，與西側(cè)周浦鎮(zhèn)中心區(qū)也有一定距離。因此，與嵌入城市地塊并尊重場(chǎng)地文脈的情況不同，該項(xiàng)目在設(shè)計(jì)之初所能參照的場(chǎng)地要素大多是缺席的。城市肌理的斷裂與城市形態(tài)的空白導(dǎo)致了外部條件的相對(duì)無效性，使其既遲疑于新的社會(huì)文化的發(fā)生，也很難在短時(shí)間內(nèi)建立起人們對(duì)地方及其文化身份的認(rèn)同，這同樣是許多中國建筑師在設(shè)計(jì)新城開發(fā)地塊時(shí)常常面對(duì)的情況。場(chǎng)地的“白板”狀態(tài)，或許曾在勒·柯布西耶的“光輝城市”中所熱望，卻更是哲學(xué)家洛克提出的“白板”認(rèn)知論的現(xiàn)實(shí)映射。

如何在近于空白的場(chǎng)地中建立建筑，并由此使人積累起與場(chǎng)所有關(guān)的感覺與經(jīng)驗(yàn)？王建國院士的選擇是建構(gòu)一種具有自主性的空間秩序：根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的道路條件，建筑師在場(chǎng)地西側(cè)與北側(cè)組織L形的連續(xù)界面，主動(dòng)介入新的城市界面的塑造。從城市設(shè)計(jì)的功能視角出發(fā)，結(jié)合教學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)、輔助區(qū)塊的不同組織關(guān)系與條形教學(xué)樓平面，圍合出3個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的庭院空間。大小各異、疏落有致的景觀綠地點(diǎn)綴其中，構(gòu)建互相滲透的連續(xù)關(guān)系。建筑集中于場(chǎng)地西側(cè)布置，庭院為空間使用者提供良好的觀景視野，釋放出的東側(cè)場(chǎng)地則作為多種類型的運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)，并與周邊即將建成的城市環(huán)境預(yù)留出適配與協(xié)調(diào)的空間。建筑由此為場(chǎng)地建立了一處向心性的錨點(diǎn)。

4 總平面/Site plan

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan

6 剖面/Section

Comments

LI Xiangning: The primary school on block 07-05 of East Zhoupu Station of Shanghai Rail Line 16 is situated in the southern part of Shanghai Pudong New District, along the north-south Shanghai-Fengxian Expressway, with the newly built Shanghai International Medical Park to the east and the living area to the west, 500 metres west of the rail line station. The surrounding area is under development,and the site is also quite distant from the central area of Zhoupu Town to the west. Therefore, other than having to respect the urban context, the elements that can be used as reference for the design were mostly absent. The lack of urban fabric and urban form led to relatively inefficient external conditions, making it indifferent to the occurrence of new social cultures and difficult to establish people's identity with the place and its culture. This is the typical situation that many Chinese architects often face in new development plots. The "Tabula rasa" state may be an aspiration in Le Corbusier' s "Ville Radieuse", but in this case is more likely a realistic reflection of the original theory proposed by the philosopher John Locke .

How to build a building in a nearly blank site, and thus enable people to accumulate sense and experience of the place? WANG Jianguo's choice is to construct an autonomous spatial order —— according to the existing road conditions, the architect organised an L-shaped continuous edge on the west and north side of the site,and actively intervened in shaping new urban interface.From the functional perspective of urban design,the different organisational relationships among the teaching, sports, and auxiliary blocks are fully explored,and three relatively independent courtyard spaces are enclosed in consideration of the bar-shaped teaching building plan. The various and well-proportioned green landscapes are scattered among them, constructing a continuous relationship of mutual penetration. The buildings are arranged on the west side of the site,and the courtyard provides a good view for the users.The east part is planned as various sports fields, and is reserved for adaptation and coordination with the surrounding urban environment to be built. The buildings thus set up a central point for the site.

7 鳥瞰/Aerial view

8 入口鳥瞰/Aerial view of entrance（7.8攝影/Photos: 張雷/ZHANG Lei)

9 沿街立面/View from the street（攝影/Photo: 王建國/WANG Jianguo）

10 風(fēng)雨操場(chǎng)/Gymnasium

11 風(fēng)雨操場(chǎng)室內(nèi)/Interior view of Gymnasium（10.11攝影/Photos: 王建國/WANG Jianguo）

12 西側(cè)鳥瞰/West aerial view（攝影/Photo: 陳顥/CHEN Hao）