湯山園博威斯汀溫泉度假酒店，南京，中國

第十一屆江蘇省園藝博覽會(huì)博覽園選址于南京湯山，處于青龍山、黃龍山、寶華山生態(tài)廊道與綠道網(wǎng)絡(luò)生態(tài)織補(bǔ)的山水格局之中，所在區(qū)域具有良好的山林植被、工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)、礦坑崖壁等特色資源，擁有得天獨(dú)厚的自然景觀和人文韻味。本屆園博會(huì)在規(guī)劃初期就形成了后園博可持續(xù)利用的思路，結(jié)合主展館、城市展園等主要游覽區(qū)，布置了幾座高端精品酒店，充實(shí)了湯山國家級(jí)旅游度假區(qū)的服務(wù)配套。湯山園博威斯汀溫泉度假酒店即位于主展館東側(cè)，毗鄰城市展園精品園林而建。項(xiàng)目用地面積45,115m2，總建筑面積43,294m2，其中地上32,009m2，地下11,285m2。

設(shè)計(jì)依循中國自然山水意境營造，綜合考慮了與周邊自然山體地貌和城市展園精品園林的景觀視線協(xié)調(diào)和形象關(guān)系，依山就勢，隨類賦形，塑造了景由境生、清雅自然的建筑形象。

建筑依據(jù)西高東低、北高南低的場地地形，將體量較大的公共區(qū)域集中布置于南側(cè)、院落式且略有組合變化的客房區(qū)置于北側(cè)，大堂位于兩組建筑之間，形成了從城市道路與自然景觀、園林景觀的視景通廊，也十分便于流線組織。建筑形態(tài)化整為零，通過體量的逐級(jí)跌落和坡屋頂?shù)奶幚恚瑥某鞘姓箞@方向看建筑群宛如高處層疊的村落，與13個(gè)城市精品園形成整體園林式景觀。設(shè)計(jì)同時(shí)注意避讓場地西北側(cè)的西氣東輸管線，利用規(guī)范要求的建筑退讓距離，靠近室內(nèi)泳池和SPA區(qū)設(shè)置戶外溫泉泡池，形成休閑氛圍。

作為國際品牌的五星級(jí)度假酒店，園博威斯汀酒店設(shè)有260個(gè)自然間客房，其中溫泉客房80間，為南京高層次的會(huì)展、論壇等提供了理想的空間，豐富了服務(wù)湯山旅游的酒店類型，為賓客創(chuàng)造了一處舒適宜居的休閑度假場所?！?/p>

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 王建國，單峰，劉輝瑜，侯彥普，姚昕悅等/WANG Jianguo, SHAN Feng, LIU Huiyu,HOU Yanpu, YAO Xinyue, et al.

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2019-2020

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2021

攝影/Photos: 侯博文/HOU Bowen

1 鳥瞰草圖/Aerial view sketch

2 酒店與城市展園/Hotel and the city exhibition garden

3 鳥瞰/Aerial view

4 西北鳥瞰/Northwest aerial view（攝影/Photo: 王建國/WANG Jianguo）

The 11th Jiangsu Horticultural Expo Park is located in Tangshan, Nanjing, in the landscape pattern of ecological corridor and greenway network of Qinglong, Huanglong and Baohua mountains,featuring nice mountain vegetation, industrial heritage and quarry cliffs, possessing unique natural landscape and humanistic charm. At the beginning of the planning, the idea of sustainable use in the post-Expo periods has been considered. Several high level boutique hotels were arranged following the layout of the main exhibition halls, urban exhibition gardens and other main tourist areas, to enrich the service facilities of Tangshan Tourism Resort. The Westin Hot Spring Resort is located on the east side of the main exhibition hall, adjacent to the city exhibition garden. The project covers an area of 45,115 square metres, with a total construction area of 43,294 square metres, including 32,009 square metres above ground and 11,285 square metres underground.

5 鳥瞰/Aerial view

The design follows the creation of Chinese natural landscape and artistic conception, and comprehensively considers the coordination and image relationship with the surrounding natural mountain landforms and the fine gardens of the city exhibition park. In accordance with the situation of the mountain and the type of the endowed shape,the architectural image of the scenery is created by the environment, both elegant and natural.

6 落客區(qū)/Drop-off area

The building is based on the site topography,which is of high in the west and low in the east,high in the north and low in the south. The large public area is concentrated on the south side, and the courtyard-style guest room area with slight combination changes is placed on the north side.The lobby is located between the two buildings,forming a visual corridor from urban roads to natural landscapes and garden landscapes, which is also very convenient for transport organisation.The architectural form is divided into parts. Through the gradual fall of the volume and the treatment of the sloping roof, from the perspective of the city exhibition garden, it is like a stacked village on a high level, forming an overall garden-like landscape with thirteen urban boutique gardens. At the same time, the design pays attention to avoiding the West-East Gas Pipeline on the northwest side of the site, using the building setback distance required by the code, and setting up outdoor hot spring pools near the indoor swimming pool and spa area to form a relaxing atmosphere.

As an international brand five-star resort hotel,the Westin Hotel has 260 rooms, including 80 hot spring rooms, providing an ideal space for highlevel exhibitions and forums in Jiangning, enriching the types of hotels serving Tangshan tourism, and creating a comfortable and liveable destination of leisure and vacation for guests.□

7 水池與大堂/Pool and lobby

8 主入口/Main entrance

9 三層平面/Second floor plan1-主入口/Main entrance6-新娘房/Bride room11-普通行政套房/Executive suite2-大堂/Lobby7-多功能茶歇/Multifunctional tea break12-溫泉客房/Spa room3-全日餐廳/Restaurant8-宴會(huì)廳/Banquet hall13-總統(tǒng)套房/President suite4-會(huì)議室/Meeting room9-后廚/ Kitchen14-高級(jí)行政套房/Executive deluxe suite5-接見廳/Met office10-普通客房/Standard room15-景觀水面/Water landscape

10 溫泉客房/Spa rooms

11 南立面/South elevation

12 剖面/Section

評(píng)論

李華：大建筑、小建筑，不僅是物理上的度量議題，也是觀念議題。而中國傳統(tǒng)建筑在現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)譯中的問題之一即是尺度。在自然景觀中，這一議題尤為突出。1960年代以來，“大”成為了設(shè)計(jì)中的一個(gè)理論議題。如果說庫哈斯“大”的理論闡述的是在集中式的空間中容納異質(zhì)性與多樣性，從而獲得城市性的話，那么中國傳統(tǒng)建筑和城市中的“大”不在于單體的度量和單一空間內(nèi)的復(fù)雜性，而在于以單一體系為基礎(chǔ)的單元形成的群體規(guī)模，及群體對多種容納度與適應(yīng)性。前者常采用“室內(nèi)化”的方式、大中有??；后者多呈現(xiàn)室內(nèi)外的交融、以小聚大。無論哪一種，都具有整體超越局部的想象。

南京湯山威斯汀溫泉度假酒店，是以后者為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合了前者復(fù)雜性的一個(gè)現(xiàn)代建筑群落。作為園藝博覽會(huì)的配套設(shè)施，它具有天然的功能多樣性、不同大小的空間及品質(zhì)要求與城市性。而作為景區(qū)建筑，它既要融入自然，又要回應(yīng)場地和周圍環(huán)境的多重要求，如建筑與山體的關(guān)系，雙坡向的地形，作為主展館和城市展園在空間，視覺關(guān)系和體驗(yàn)上的聯(lián)系與過渡，多方向的觀看視點(diǎn)等。尺度的把握是其中的關(guān)鍵之一。通過集聚性與單元性空間的分化，中、西、東3種空間結(jié)構(gòu)的并置，內(nèi)與外連通與自然的引入，不同方向建筑與屋頂?shù)慕诲e(cuò)等，建筑師構(gòu)筑了一個(gè)兼具同質(zhì)性與異質(zhì)性、小尺度與大尺度的建筑群落。將城市感與自然相結(jié)合的地景式建筑，不僅適應(yīng)了場地的自然條件，而且為城市展園提供了一個(gè)中介性的背景。

13 水池與大堂/Pool and lobby

14 大堂內(nèi)景/Interior view of lobby

Comments

LI Hua: Large and small buildings are not only a matter of physical measurement but also a conceptual issue. One of the essential problems in the contemporary translation of traditional architecture is scale. Notably, it's prominent in landscape. Since the 1960s, "Big" has become a theoretical issue in design. If Rem Koolhaas's "Big" theory states that heterogeneity and diversity can be accommodated in a centralized space to obtain urbanity, then the "Big"in Chinese traditional buildings and cities does not lie in the individual measurement and the complexity in a single space, rather in the size of the group formed by the unit based on a single system, and the group's tolerance or adaptability to multiplicity. The first one often adopts the an "interior" approach, divides large spaces into small ones. The latter mostly presents integration of interior and exterior, combining small spaces into large ones. For both approaches, there is an imagery of the whole exceeding the sum of parts.

The Westin Hotel of Garden Expo in Tangshan,Nanjing is a modern architectural complex based on the latter approach mentioned above as well as the complexity of the first one. As a supporting facility, the building meets the needs of natural functional diversity, different sizes of space and quality requirements, as well as urbanity. As a scenic building, it not only merged into nature, but also responded to the multiple requirements of the site and the surrounding environment. For example, the relationship between architecture and mountain, the topography of double slope, the spatial and visual relationship between the Main Exhibition Hall and the urban exhibition garden, the connection and transition in experience, and the multi-directional viewing point. The control of the scale is one of the key points. The architect constructed a community of buildings with both homogeneity and heterogeneity in both small and large scales, through the differentiation of agglomeration and unitary space, the juxtaposition of three spatial structures of middle, west and east,the internal and external connection, the introduction of nature, the interlacing of buildings and roofs in different directions, etc. The landscape architecture that combines the sense of city with nature not only adapts to the natural conditions of the site, but also provides an intermediary background for the exhibition garden.

15 大堂吧望城市展園/View of the city exhibition garden from the Lobby Bar

16 全日餐廳望城市展園/View of the city exhibition garden from All Day Restaurant