運河探索中心，布魯塞爾，比利時

建筑設(shè)計：波格丹與范·布羅克建筑事務(wù)所

1 外景/Exterior view

布魯塞爾正在重新為自己定位。結(jié)合基于城市結(jié)構(gòu)和社會經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)實的地方總體規(guī)劃，以及由歐洲、區(qū)域和地方治理所提供的大量公共財政援助，大都市區(qū)制定了雄心勃勃的全球戰(zhàn)略。在這一背景下，布魯塞爾運河地區(qū)的發(fā)展必將為這座城市提供新的支柱，增強(qiáng)該市的社會和地方凝聚力。過去，運河是布魯塞爾與比利時的主要海港安特衛(wèi)普，以及煤礦和冶金業(yè)的發(fā)源地夏勒羅瓦之間的重要連接。然而，這座歷史名城在經(jīng)歷了戰(zhàn)后經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)以及向服務(wù)型經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)型后，在運河沿岸留下了廢棄的工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)和脆弱的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)。而今，在城市結(jié)構(gòu)上，這個過去被忽視地區(qū)的位置被新的區(qū)域交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)改變了。運河西岸處于多極布魯塞爾大都市區(qū)的中心位置。這些社區(qū)面臨著許多社會經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)：這里聚集了大量擁有移民背景的不同種族的年輕人，職業(yè)技能不足，失業(yè)率極高，住房老舊，對醫(yī)療設(shè)施、教育和文化設(shè)施或綠地空間的需求日益增加。

盡管如此，運河地區(qū)仍為工業(yè)棕地的恢復(fù)提供了許多機(jī)會。在過去幾十年間，通過各種私人和公共舉措，其潛能已充分展露。依據(jù)總體規(guī)劃，“南港創(chuàng)新運河”是以復(fù)興運河為宗旨的城市項目中較大的一個。它得益于重要的公共投資，包括地方市政當(dāng)局、布魯塞爾首都區(qū)和歐洲區(qū)域發(fā)展基金，這是一個旨在減少區(qū)域不平衡的結(jié)構(gòu)性歐洲基金制度。它還包括運河探索中心（簡稱COOP）項目，即把一座始于1903年的舊廠房改造成社會文化設(shè)施，包括展覽中心、創(chuàng)新造船廠和與之相連的中小型企業(yè)孵化器。

2 總平面/Site plan

COOP面臨的特殊挑戰(zhàn)是如何滿足當(dāng)?shù)貙ξ幕蜕鐣沙掷m(xù)性的需求以及對破碎的城市結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新性再利用。在這種情況下，COOP創(chuàng)造了附加的社會價值。我們所要實現(xiàn)的城市更新遠(yuǎn)不只是建筑遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)，它還是項目策劃本身的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。在孵化器旁邊，造船廠將傳統(tǒng)上內(nèi)河航道船只和駁船的設(shè)計及制造方法與創(chuàng)新方法相結(jié)合，進(jìn)而成為行業(yè)培訓(xùn)和振興的機(jī)構(gòu)。通過大量的媒體庫、展覽、工作坊和其他活動等不同層面的策劃，展覽中心給出了對該社區(qū)過去和未來遺產(chǎn)的解讀。因此，我們的任務(wù)是設(shè)計高品質(zhì)和創(chuàng)新的建筑，從而使合適的規(guī)劃、區(qū)位和資源在社會層面上產(chǎn)生積極影響—使建筑成為貧困地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)的引擎和驅(qū)動力。

COOP的項目經(jīng)理約瑟·梅內(nèi)德斯強(qiáng)調(diào)了建筑文脈與其意圖之間密不可分的聯(lián)系：

“南港項目意圖將該區(qū)的物質(zhì)遺產(chǎn)和非物質(zhì)遺產(chǎn)都放置在設(shè)施中心，將遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)與更新作為社會、文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)的附加值，這或許是它的一個獨特之處。我們的目標(biāo)只是強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)潛力、吸引力，以及遺產(chǎn)作為動力之源所承載的詩意和驚羨。遺產(chǎn)在這里是沒有任何限制的。

每天，在COOP項目的設(shè)計和交流過程中，該地區(qū)和廠房的大量遺產(chǎn)都被視為靈感來源——它的感召力和魅力是我們最好的資產(chǎn)。展覽中心的公眾性和教育目的，以及孵化器更多的財務(wù)目標(biāo)，都要求項目能夠隨時間推移承載這種物質(zhì)的和非物質(zhì)的遺產(chǎn)，以使大多數(shù)人都能直接獲得它。

項目旨在通過吸引新的活動來振興布魯塞爾這一地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)生活。請不要誤會：將生產(chǎn)活動和生活在社區(qū)遺產(chǎn)中的市民的居住相結(jié)合并非異端。相反，這一做法已被證明能有效增加社會附加值并保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡。

有種方法在房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商教科書中無法找到但是經(jīng)驗證明仍然是有效的：公共伙伴關(guān)系、本地參與者、獨特的建筑項目、經(jīng)濟(jì)活動和社會功能的結(jié)合、對房地產(chǎn)營銷的不信任以及在網(wǎng)站上尋找真實的人際關(guān)系都是其中的一部分！” （王惠 譯）

3 分解軸測/Exploded isometry

4 夜景立面/Night view of fa?ade

5 夜景/Night view

Brussels is rethinking and rede fining its whole territory. An ambitious global strategy for the metropolitan region is combined with local master plans anchored in the urban fabric and the socioeconomic reality and extensive public subsidies carried by European, regional and local governance.In this context, the development of the area of the Canal of Brussels is foreseen to provide a new backbone for the city, enhancing both the social and the territorial cohesion of the city. In the past,the Canal was linking Brussels to Antwerp, the main sea harbour in Belgium, and Charleroi, the cradle of coal mines and metallurgical industries.However, the post-war redevelopment of the historical city and a shift towards a service-based economy has left behind an abandoned industrial heritage and a fragile socio-economic fabric along the Canal. Today, a new regional transportation network proposes a shift in the positioning of this previously neglected area within the city structure. The western banks of the Canal are now strategically located in the heart of a multipolar Brussels metropolitan area. Many socioeconomic challenges are concentrated in these neighbourhoods: a dense young and heterogeneous population of immigrant background, a low level of basic quali fications, a substantially high rate of unemployment, an ageing housing stock, increasing needs in healthcare facilities, educational and cultural equipment or green spaces.

Still, the Canal area offers many opportunities of brownfield redevelopment and already revealed its potential over the last decades through various private and public initiatives. Within the overall master plan, "Port-Sud Innovative Canal" is one of the greater urban projects zones identified to carry the redevelopment of the Canal. It benefits from major public investments, both from the local municipalities, the Brussels capital Region, and the FEDER - a structural European funding system aiming to reduce regional imbalance. And it includes COOP - the reconversion of an old mill dating back from 1903 into a socio-cultural equipment including an incubator for Small & Medium Entreprises linked with an interpretation centre and an innovation shipyard.

The peculiar challenges of COOP are the local needs for cultural and social sustainability and an innovative reuse of a poorly integrated urban fabric.In that context, COOP generates an added social value. The urban renewal we aim at goes beyond the preservation of a built heritage, it constitutes the essential challenge of the programme itself.Next to the incubator, the shipyard associates traditional and innovative methods for the design and manufacturing of boats and barges for inland waterways, as a frame for professional training and reinsertion. The interpretation centre offers a reading of the past and future heritage of the neighbourhood through an extensive library of media and a multifaceted programming of exhibitions, workshops and other events. Therefore,we believe that our mission here was to propose a qualitative and innovative architecture in order to enable the right programme, the right location and the right resources to generate a beneficial impact on a social level - to allow the building to become an engine, a driving force in the redevelopment of an underprivileged area.

José Menendez, manager of COOP, highlights the in-dissociable link between the context of the building and its purpose:

"One of the singularities of the project Port-Sud probably lays in the will to place both the tangible and intangible heritage of the area in the centre of the apparatus, to consider its preservation and renewal as a source of social, cultural and economic added value. We are aiming at nothing but to stress the learning potential, the attractiveness and the sense of poetry and wonderment carried by our heritage as the seeds of far-sighted dynamics.Heritage here has no constraint.

Every day, in the process of designing and communicating the COOP project, the dense and intense legacy of the area and the mill is asserted as a breeding ground - whose evocative character and ability to fascinate are our best asset. Both the civic and educational purposes of the InterpretationCentre and the more financial goals of the Incubator require to be able to carry this material and immaterial heritage through time, to make it accessible to the majority, seamlessly.

The agenda rooted in the project is to dynamise the economic life of this zone of Brussels,by attracting new activities. And let there be no mistake: there is no heresia in believing in the combination of working activities and the accommodation of a population deeply embedded in its neighbourhood heritage. On the contrary, the recipe has proven to be fruitful both for its social added value and economic balance it provides.

There is a way that can't be found in the real estate developer textbooks, but that is still valid by the means of experience: public partnerships, local actors, unique architectural projects, combination of economic activities and social functions, a sense of distrust towards real estate's extravaganza and the search for authentic human relationships on the site are a few of its ingredients!"

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location: Quai Fernand Demets 23, 1070, Brussels

客戶/Client: Anderlecht Moulart

主持建筑師/Principal Architects: BOGDAN & VAN BROECK

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/Design Team: Oana Bogdan, Leo Van Broeck,Heidi Bosteels, Maxime Czvek, M. Lefeber, Thomas Rigby,Louren?o Van Innis, S. Vander Goten

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineers: NEY & partners

技術(shù)工程/Technical Engineers: CES

景觀工程/Scenography: H?kan Harrysson - Svensk Idé

顧問/Consultant: Hendrik Vanmolkot (Cultural expert)

總承建/General Contractor: CFE

場地面積/Site Area: 1926 m2

占地面積/Building Foot Print: 1273 m2

基底面積/Built Area: 新建面積/New constructed floor area:1063 m2; 改建面積/Renovated floor area: 4036 m2

總建筑面積/Total Floor Area: 5099 m2

造價/Cost: 640萬歐元不含稅/6,400,000 EUR excl. vat and fees

設(shè)計時間/Design Period: 2011-2016

施工時間/Construction Period: 2014.06-2016.09

攝影/Photos: Laurian Ghinitoiu (fig.1,4-6), BOGDAN &VAN BROECK ( fig.10-13)

13 城市景觀/Townscape

評委評語

李存東：如何評價一座舊廠房的改造是否成功？COOP為我們提供了多因素的參考。除了建筑外觀的改變帶給運河新的活力象征以外，內(nèi)部展覽中心對過去和未來的解讀宣示了該項目的文化意味，此外，中小型企業(yè)孵化器的策劃試圖解決一定的社會問題，并對這一項目的經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡給予支持。從更大范圍看，該項目是城市復(fù)興計劃的一部分，需要平衡公益投入的愿望、社區(qū)居民的訴求以及城市發(fā)展的需要。過程中的探索和努力也是該項目值得關(guān)注的一部分。

Jury Statement

LI Cundong: How to evaluate the success of a renovation of an old factory? COOP provides us with a multifactorial reference. In addition to the change in the exterior of the building, which brings a new symbol of vitality to the canal, the translation of the past and the future in the interior interpretation centre asserts the cultural signi ficance of the project. The planning of the incubator also attempts to address certain social issues and support the economic balance of the project. On a larger scale, the project is part of an urban regeneration plan that requires the balance between the desire for public investment, the aspirations of community residents,and the needs of urban development. The exploration and effort involved in the process is also a noteworthy part of the project. (Translated by PANG Lingbo)