重癥監(jiān)護室專業(yè)小組管理模式的質性研究

張寧 丁慧芳 盧岳青

摘要：目的 ?探討醫(yī)護人員對重癥監(jiān)護室專業(yè)小組管理模式的體驗。方法 ?采用質性研究中的現象學研究方法，于2019年5月對解放軍第三〇五醫(yī)院重癥監(jiān)護室全體醫(yī)護人員進行半結構式的深度訪談，并采用Colaizzi現象學7步分析法對獲得的資料進行歸納和整理，提煉出主題。結果 ?20名醫(yī)護人員對重癥監(jiān)護室施行專業(yè)小組管理模式的體會主要有4個主題，分別為主題1科室工作更加規(guī)范化、精細化，使管理者橫向管理科室工作;主題2有助于醫(yī)護人員提升日常工作能力及溝通能力，進而降低醫(yī)療風險;主題3部分職責劃分不明確，個別人員積極性有待增強;主題4專業(yè)小組管理模式人員分配欠妥。結論 ?開展專業(yè)小組管理模式，有利于調動重癥監(jiān)護室醫(yī)護人員工作的積極性和參與性，但需處理好人員分配，明確職責分工，科室管理者應從問題出發(fā)，實施人性化、科學化的專業(yè)小組管理模式。

關鍵詞：重癥監(jiān)護室;管理模式;醫(yī)護人員

中圖分類號：R471 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼：A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.23.051

文章編號：1006-1959（2020）23-0172-03

Abstract：Objective ?To explore the experience of medical staff on the management mode of the intensive care unit professional group.Methods ?The phenomenological research method in qualitative research was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with all in-patient medical staff in the 305 hospital intensive care unit in May 2019， and the data obtained by the Colaizzi Phenomenological 7-step analysis method were summarized to organize and refine the theme.Results ?The experience of 20 medical staff in the implementation of the professional group management model in the intensive care unit mainly has 4 themes， namely theme 1 department work is more standardized and refined， allowing managers to manage department work horizontally; theme 2 helps medical staff improve their daily routines Working ability and communication skills， thereby reducing medical risks; theme 3 part of the division of responsibilities is not clear， the enthusiasm of individual personnel needs to be enhanced; theme 4 professional team management mode personnel allocation is not appropriate.Conclusion ?The implementation of the professional group management mode is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm and participation of the medical staff in the intensive care unit. However， it is necessary to handle the personnel allocation and clarify the division of responsibilities. The department manager should proceed from the problem and implement the humanized and scientific professional group management mode.

Key words：Intensive care unit;Management mode;Medical staff

重癥監(jiān)護室作為醫(yī)院的重要組成部分，是醫(yī)院搶救和治療危重癥患者的主要科室之一。入住患者病情危重、變化快，若不采取及時有效的治療，則易引發(fā)各類并發(fā)癥[1]。重癥監(jiān)護室儀器設備多、特殊治療多、高危藥品種類繁雜，應發(fā)揮最大效率，注重針對性、有效性和時效性，共同促進管理質量的不斷提高。近年來，隨著重癥醫(yī)學的迅猛發(fā)展，ICU護士面臨的較大壓力和心理負擔[2]。如何在繁忙的工作中找尋規(guī)律，制定統(tǒng)一管理標準是ICU護理工作的重點之一。我院重癥監(jiān)護室自2019年1月1日起開始施行專業(yè)小組管理模式，本研究通過半結構式深度訪談法探討重癥監(jiān)護室專業(yè)小組管理模式的運行及應用情況，旨在檢驗前期工作成果，加強醫(yī)護人員溝通及協(xié)作能力，為提高科室管理效率奠定基礎。