個(gè)體化護(hù)理在胸腰段骨折PVP術(shù)后對患者焦慮狀態(tài)和康復(fù)的影響

姚雪

【摘要】 目的：探討個(gè)體化護(hù)理在胸腰段骨折行經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)（PVP）后患者中對康復(fù)和焦慮狀態(tài)的影響。方法：選擇2014年3月-2015年2月筆者所在科收治的47例胸腰段壓縮性骨折患者，采用PVP治療，術(shù)后對照組與觀察組分別采用常規(guī)護(hù)理和個(gè)體化護(hù)理干預(yù)，比較兩組康復(fù)速度、脊柱功能、疼痛及焦慮評分。結(jié)果：觀察組術(shù)后1 d的VAS評分低于對照組，出院前觀察組JOA評分高于對照組，觀察組術(shù)后1 d及出院前SAS評分低于對照組，首次下地時(shí)間觀察組短于對照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：個(gè)性化護(hù)理可有效降低患者圍手術(shù)期的焦慮情緒，加速康復(fù)，符合快通道外科理念。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 個(gè)性化護(hù)理； 胸腰段骨折； 經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2016.30.042 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805（2016）30-0075-02

The Impact of Individualized Nursing on the Anxiety and Recovery of Patients after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Thoracolumbar Fractures/YAO Xue.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2016，14（30）：75-76

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect of individualized nursing in thoracolumbar fractures after treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty（PVP） on rehabilitation and anxiety of patients.Method：From March 2014 to February 2015，47 patients with thoracolumbar compressibility fracture in our department were selected and treated by PVP，the control group and the observation group were respectively treated with routine nursing and individualized nursing.The rehabilitation rate，spinal function，pain and anxiety scores were compared between the two groups.Result：The VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at postoperative 1 day，the JOA score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group before discharge，the SAS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at postoperative 1 day and before discharge，the time of the first time of walking in the observation group was shorter than that of the control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Individualized nursing can effectively reduce the anxiety of patients in the perioperative period，and accelerate the rehabilitation，which is in accordance with the concept of fast track surgery.

【Key words】 Individualized nursing； Thoracolumbar fractures； Percutaneous vertebroplasty

First-authors address：Union Hospital（West Campus） Affiliated to Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430056，China

脊柱胸腰段是應(yīng)力集中部位，容易發(fā)生壓縮性骨折。多數(shù)胸腰段壓縮性骨折為自行跌傷所致，骨折塊不脫入椎管，因此并無截癱。目前經(jīng)皮椎體成形術(shù)（percutaneous vertebroplasty，PVP）是流行術(shù)式，旨在快速恢復(fù)椎體高度，促進(jìn)術(shù)后康復(fù)。個(gè)體化護(hù)理強(qiáng)調(diào)以患者為中心，進(jìn)行人文關(guān)懷式護(hù)理[1]。筆者所在科2014年3月-2015年2月將行PVP手術(shù)的47例胸腰段壓縮性骨折患者納入研究，分別采用常規(guī)護(hù)理和個(gè)體化護(hù)理，比較其療效，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

將筆者所在科2014年3月-2015年2月行PVP手術(shù)的47例胸腰段壓縮性骨折患者作為研究對象，47例患者均為T12～L2椎體壓縮性骨折，術(shù)前均經(jīng)CT和X線片確診，骨折塊單純壓縮，不突入椎管。其中男27例，女20例，年齡38～72歲，平均（56.8±3.3）歲。受傷部位：T12 12例，L1 22例，L2 13例。47例患者按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為觀察組（n=24）和對照組（n=23）。本研究經(jīng)本院倫理委員會批準(zhǔn)。兩組一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），具有可比性。