蘇玉盛,王紅艷,梁志剛,盧潔,李萌,王曼
·臨床研究·
13N-Ammonia PET/CT腦血流灌注顯像結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)對(duì)單側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈或頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈狹窄患者腦血管儲(chǔ)備的評(píng)定①
蘇玉盛1,王紅艷2,梁志剛1,盧潔1,李萌1,王曼1
目的 探討13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流灌注顯像結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)在缺血性腦血管病腦血管儲(chǔ)備評(píng)定中的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。方法 2014年1月~2015年12月,10名正常人和53例單側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈或頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈狹窄患者在基態(tài)和醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷后分別行13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流灌注顯像成像。在雙側(cè)額葉、頂葉、顳葉、枕葉、基底節(jié)和丘腦勾畫相應(yīng)的感興趣區(qū),計(jì)算兩側(cè)的平均放射性計(jì)數(shù)和血流變化率。結(jié)果 正常人基態(tài)和負(fù)荷后,雙側(cè)額葉、頂葉、顳葉、枕葉、基底節(jié)和丘腦放射性分布均大致對(duì)稱?;坠?jié)、丘腦放射性分布高于皮質(zhì),白質(zhì)放射性分布最低。負(fù)荷后雙側(cè)放射性計(jì)數(shù)均較基態(tài)時(shí)增高,雙側(cè)增高幅度基本一致(t=1.552,P=0.132)?;鶓B(tài)顯像時(shí),39例患者呈現(xiàn)126個(gè)血流灌注減低區(qū)。負(fù)荷后,49例患者呈現(xiàn)183個(gè)血流灌注減低區(qū)?;鶓B(tài)時(shí)已有血流灌注減低區(qū)的39例患者中,16例負(fù)荷后出現(xiàn)新的血流灌注減低區(qū),13例29個(gè)病灶血流灌注較基態(tài)時(shí)改善。血流灌注減低區(qū)的負(fù)荷血流變化率與基態(tài)血流變化率有顯著性差異(t=2.466,P<0.05)。結(jié)論13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流灌注顯像結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)?zāi)軌蚝芎迷u(píng)估單側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈或頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈狹窄患者腦血管儲(chǔ)備的變化,對(duì)缺血性腦血管病的病情評(píng)估和早期干預(yù)有重要臨床意義。
缺血性腦血管病;腦血管儲(chǔ)備;氮放射性同位素造影;醋甲唑胺;正電子發(fā)射體層攝影;X線計(jì)算機(jī)體層攝影
[本文著錄格式] 蘇玉盛,王紅艷,梁志剛,等.13N-Ammonia PET/CT腦血流灌注顯像結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)對(duì)單側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈或頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈狹窄患者腦血管儲(chǔ)備的評(píng)定[J].中國康復(fù)理論與實(shí)踐,2016,22(11):1304-1309.
CITEDAS:Su YS,Wang HY,Liang ZG,etal.Cerebrovascular reserve in patientswith unilateral internal carotid artery orm iddle cerebral artery stenosis:study with13N-ammonia PET/CT combined withmethazolam ide[J].Zhongguo Kangfu Lilun Yu Shijian,2016,22(11): 1304-1309.
腦血管儲(chǔ)備(cerebrovascular reserve,CVR)是指在生理或病理刺激下,腦血管通過小動(dòng)脈和毛細(xì)血管的代償性擴(kuò)張或收縮,維持局部腦血流正常穩(wěn)定的能力[1],是腦循環(huán)重要的保護(hù)機(jī)制之一。CVR下降被認(rèn)為是腦卒中的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素[2-4]。CVR的檢測對(duì)腦血管疾病的早期診斷、臨床治療方案的確定、預(yù)后估計(jì)和療效評(píng)價(jià)均具有重要意義。目前研究較多的是通過乙酰唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)單光子發(fā)射計(jì)算機(jī)體層攝影(single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT)腦血流灌注顯像對(duì)CVR進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)[5-7]。
由于SPECT空間分辨率不足,乙酰唑胺副作用較多,本研究通過13N-ammonia正電子發(fā)射/計(jì)算機(jī)體層攝影(positronemission tomography/computerized tomography,PET/CT)腦血流灌注顯像結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)對(duì)單側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈(m iddle cerebralartery,MCA)或頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈(intracervicalartery,ICA)狹窄患者的CVR進(jìn)行觀察。
1.1 一般資料
1.1.1 正常對(duì)照組
選擇2014年1月~2015年12月在首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)宣武醫(yī)院核醫(yī)學(xué)科體檢的10名正常人。其中男性6名,女性4名;年齡31~69歲,平均46.3歲。
納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):無糖尿病、高血壓、冠心病病史;經(jīng)顱多普勒超聲檢查未發(fā)現(xiàn)無頸動(dòng)脈,椎動(dòng)脈,大腦前、中、后動(dòng)脈等腦供血?jiǎng)用}狹窄;神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)檢查正常。
1.1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)組
選擇2014年1月~2015年12月在首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)宣武醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)、外科住院治療的ICA或MCA重度狹窄患者53例。其中男性35例,女性18例;年齡26~73歲,平均49.6歲;ICA狹窄23例,MCA狹窄30例。
納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①經(jīng)數(shù)字減影血管造影或經(jīng)顱多普勒超聲檢查證實(shí)存在單側(cè)ICA或MCA狹窄,且狹窄程度為70%~99%;②除受累血管外,其余腦供血血管無≥30%的狹窄;③頭顱MRI無>1 cm腦梗死灶;④無明顯神經(jīng)功能缺損,美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院腦卒中評(píng)分(National Institute of Health Stroke Score,NIHSS)≤1分。
1.2 顯像劑和儀器
13N-ammonia由首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)宣武醫(yī)院核醫(yī)學(xué)科使用醫(yī)用回旋加速器制備(已取得第四類《放射性藥品使用許可證》)。經(jīng)物理學(xué)、化學(xué)、生物學(xué)檢測,各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)合格,放化純度≥96%。該顯像劑已通過倫理委員會(huì)論證和審批。
掃描儀為聯(lián)影uM I510 PET-CT掃描儀。
1.3 檢查方法
1.3.1 基態(tài)顯像
受試者空腹6 h以上,常規(guī)進(jìn)行PET/CT前準(zhǔn)備。
患者仰臥于檢查床,激光線定位并固定頭部。靜脈注射13N-ammonia 444~555mBq,2min后行3D采集,發(fā)射掃描采集計(jì)數(shù)2.4×108,經(jīng)濾波反投影法圖像重建技術(shù)獲得腦橫斷、冠狀及矢狀面斷層圖像。
1.3.2 負(fù)荷顯像
于靜息顯像后第2天進(jìn)行。口服醋甲唑胺50 mg,2 h后用與靜息顯像相同的注射劑量、注射后采集時(shí)間、采集參數(shù)和圖像處理?xiàng)l件進(jìn)行顯像和處理。
1.4 圖像分析
1.4.1 目視法
由2名有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的核醫(yī)學(xué)醫(yī)師通過目視法讀片,將連續(xù)2個(gè)或以上層面出現(xiàn)的放射性攝取減低或缺損視為異常。
1.4.2 半定量分析
正常對(duì)照組在額葉、頂葉、顳葉、枕葉、基底節(jié)和丘腦勾畫相應(yīng)的感興趣區(qū),計(jì)算兩側(cè)平均放射性計(jì)數(shù),并采用鏡像比值法與對(duì)側(cè)進(jìn)行比較,計(jì)算左右腦區(qū)血流變化率R。
實(shí)驗(yàn)組選擇病變血管側(cè)的額葉、頂葉、顳葉、枕葉、基底節(jié)、丘腦的血流減低部位,勾畫感興趣區(qū)(region of interest,ROI),采用鏡像比值法計(jì)算病變區(qū)血流減低率R。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
利用SPSS 19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行正態(tài)性檢驗(yàn)及方差齊性檢驗(yàn)。計(jì)量數(shù)據(jù)以(±s)表示;組間比較進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn),對(duì)基態(tài)/負(fù)荷后同側(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行配對(duì)t檢驗(yàn)。顯著性水平α=0.05。
2.1 正常對(duì)照組
正常對(duì)照組13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流顯像清晰,形態(tài)、結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱?;鶓B(tài)/負(fù)荷后左右側(cè)額葉、頂葉、顳葉、枕葉、基底節(jié)、丘腦放射性分布均大致對(duì)稱;基底節(jié)、丘腦放射性分布高于皮質(zhì),白質(zhì)放射性分布最低。負(fù)荷后雙側(cè)放射性計(jì)數(shù)均較基態(tài)時(shí)增高,且雙側(cè)增高幅度基本一致(t=1.552,P=0.132)。見表1。
2.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)組
基態(tài)時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)39例患者共126個(gè)血流灌注減低區(qū)。負(fù)荷后,發(fā)現(xiàn)49例患者183個(gè)血流灌注減低區(qū);10例患者只在負(fù)荷后出現(xiàn)血流灌注減低區(qū)(圖1)?;鶓B(tài)時(shí)已有血流灌注減低區(qū)的39例患者中,負(fù)荷后16例出現(xiàn)新的血流灌注減低區(qū)(圖2),13例29個(gè)血流灌注減低區(qū)較基態(tài)下改善(圖3)。血流灌注減低區(qū)的負(fù)荷下R與基態(tài)下R有顯著性差異(t=2.466,P=0.014)。見表2。
表1 正常對(duì)照組主要腦區(qū)的放射性計(jì)數(shù)和R
表2 實(shí)驗(yàn)組主要腦區(qū)的放射性計(jì)數(shù)和R
圖1 基態(tài)時(shí)右側(cè)顳枕葉無血流灌注減低,負(fù)荷后出現(xiàn)減低區(qū)
圖2 基態(tài)時(shí)左側(cè)頂葉血流灌注減低,負(fù)荷后除左側(cè)頂葉外,左側(cè)額葉出現(xiàn)新的減低區(qū)
圖3 基態(tài)時(shí)左側(cè)顳葉血流灌注減低,負(fù)荷后改善
13N-ammonia PET或PET/CT顯像目前較多用于心肌血流和冠狀動(dòng)脈血流儲(chǔ)備的研究,對(duì)冠心病心肌存活的評(píng)估、冠脈血管重建術(shù)前療效預(yù)測及術(shù)后評(píng)估等方面具有重要的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值[8-12],并逐漸應(yīng)用于腦血流的研究中。
13N物理半衰期9.96m in,可以短時(shí)間反復(fù)多次檢查。本研究之所以將負(fù)荷顯像定于基態(tài)顯像的次日進(jìn)行,是由于患者在進(jìn)行13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流顯像的同日還進(jìn)行18F-FDG PET/CT腦代謝顯像(結(jié)果將在后續(xù)文章中報(bào)道)。13N標(biāo)記物13N-ammonia為小分子、中性水溶液,可以隨血流自由通過血腦屏障進(jìn)入腦組織。13N-ammonia在腦組織中被轉(zhuǎn)化為谷氨酰胺,滯留于腦組織內(nèi)。13N-ammonia的攝取量取決于腦血流量及毛細(xì)血管的有效通透面積。當(dāng)腦動(dòng)脈狹窄、痙攣或閉塞時(shí),局部腦組織缺血、缺氧,使腦細(xì)胞攝取、清除13N-ammonia的功能受損,毛細(xì)血管通透性調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制改變,13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流顯像表現(xiàn)為病變腦區(qū)放射性分布稀疏或缺損,可作為腦缺血、梗死的診斷依據(jù)。
臨床發(fā)現(xiàn),血管狹窄或閉塞并不一定引起腦組織梗死,是否出現(xiàn)腦梗死主要取決于供血區(qū)小血管的血液循環(huán)狀態(tài),CVR是小血管內(nèi)血液循環(huán)狀態(tài)的直接反應(yīng)[13-14]。當(dāng)MCA或ICA狹窄導(dǎo)致腦灌注壓明顯降低時(shí),脈管系統(tǒng)會(huì)通過降低狹窄部位遠(yuǎn)端的血管阻力,最大限度擴(kuò)張腦動(dòng)脈,保持局部腦血流量。隨著腦灌注壓的進(jìn)一步降低,小動(dòng)脈擴(kuò)張達(dá)到最大限度,血流量減少,腦卒中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。研究認(rèn)為,CVR明顯受損可作為預(yù)測MCA、ICA嚴(yán)重狹窄發(fā)生腦卒中和短暫性腦缺血的獨(dú)立指標(biāo)[2-4,15]。King等發(fā)現(xiàn),并非所有顱內(nèi)動(dòng)脈狹窄患者的CVR均下降,CVR可能受血管狹窄程度、側(cè)支循環(huán)、灌注壓等多方面影響[16]。Kuroda等通過對(duì)77例缺血性腦血管病患者的長期隨訪,發(fā)現(xiàn)CVR的受損程度比血管狹窄程度能更好地預(yù)測卒中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[17]。評(píng)估CVR可以幫助臨床盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)腦卒中高危人群,早期采取干預(yù)措施。
乙酰唑胺作為碳酸酐酶抑制劑最早被應(yīng)用于腦灌注負(fù)荷顯像[18-20],目前仍在某些研究中使用[21-25];由于不良反應(yīng)較多,使用醋甲唑胺的研究逐漸增多[26-27]。醋甲唑胺是一種新型碳酸酐酶抑制劑,與乙酰唑胺比較,醋甲唑胺具有脂溶性高、作用強(qiáng)、不良反應(yīng)少等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。醋甲唑胺可以緩慢透過血腦屏障,促進(jìn)CO2與組織中的水分子結(jié)合成H2CO3,再解離產(chǎn)生H+,從而引起腦阻力血管擴(kuò)張,血流量增加??诜准走虬非?,部分病變血管已經(jīng)最大限度擴(kuò)張,故口服醋甲唑胺后無法再產(chǎn)生舒張反應(yīng),病變區(qū)域的腦血流量不會(huì)增加;而正常血管的舒張作用將導(dǎo)致病變區(qū)域的腦血流量比口服醋甲唑胺前降低,出現(xiàn)“盜血現(xiàn)象”[28]。因此,醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)既可以發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在的缺血狀態(tài),也可以對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生腦梗死等缺血性病變區(qū)的血管儲(chǔ)備能力進(jìn)行評(píng)估,從而估計(jì)其預(yù)后。
本研究顯示,正常人雙側(cè)大腦半球血流呈雙側(cè)對(duì)稱性分布;負(fù)荷后,雙側(cè)大腦半球血流量均增加,且增加的幅度無明顯差異,雙側(cè)仍呈對(duì)稱性分布。這與趙永波等的研究結(jié)果[29]一致。實(shí)驗(yàn)組負(fù)荷后患者檢出率和病灶檢出率均有所提高,與喬穗憲等的研究結(jié)果[30]一致。
腦血管病患者基態(tài)時(shí)病變側(cè)血流量較對(duì)側(cè)減低的病灶中,一部分因?yàn)椤氨I血現(xiàn)象”致病變側(cè)血流量與對(duì)側(cè)差異增大,說明此類患者的自身調(diào)節(jié)作用已達(dá)到極限,CVR不足,因此負(fù)荷后更容易發(fā)現(xiàn)病灶;部分負(fù)荷后血流量改善,說明腦血管反應(yīng)良好,CVR較充分。
總之,13N-ammonia PET/CT腦血流灌注結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)?zāi)軌蚝芎梅从硢蝹?cè)MCA或ICA重度狹窄患者的CVR,可以用于缺血性腦疾病的病情評(píng)估。
[1]Carrera E,Lee LK,Giannopoulos S,et al.Cerebrovascular reactivity and cerebral autoregulation in normal subjects[J].J Neurol Sci,2009,285(1-2):191-194.
[2]Gupta A,Chazen JL,Hartman M,et al.Cerebrovascular reserve and stroke risk in patientswith carotid stenosis or occlusion:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Stroke,2012, 43(11):2884-2891.
[3]Gasecki D,Kwarciany M,Nyka W,et al.Hypertension,brain damage and cognitive decline[J].Curr Hypertens Rep,2013, 15(6):547-558.
[4]Kim KM,Watabe H,Hayashi T,etal.Quantitativemapping of basal and vasa reactive cerebral blood flow using split-dose123I-iodoamphetam ine and single photon em ission computed tomography [J]. Neuroimage, 2006, 33(4): 1126-1135.
[5]Choi H,Yoo MY,Cheon GJ,etal.Parametric Cerebrovascular reserve images using acetazolam ide(99m)Tc-HMPAO SPECT: a feasibility study of quantitative assessment[J].Nucl Med Mol Imaging,2013,47(3):188-195.
[6]Iida H,Nakagawara J,Hayashida K,et al.Multicenter evaluation of a standardized protocol for restand acetazolam ide cere-
bral blood flow assessment using a quantitative SPECT reconstruction program and split-dose123I-iodoamphetam ine[J].J NuclMed,2010,51(10):1624-1631.
[7]Schytz HW,Wienecke T,Jensen LT,et al.Changes in cerebral blood flow after acetazolam ide:an experimental study comparing near-infrared spectroscopy and SPECT[J].Eur JNeurol, 2009,16(4):461-467.
[8]Tom iyama T,Kum ita S,Ishihara K,etal.Patientswith reduced heart rate response to adenosine infusion have low myocardial flow reserve in13N-ammonia PET studies[J].Int JCardiovasc Imaging,2015,31(5):1089-1095.
[9]Zhou W,Wang X,He Y,et al.N-(11)C-methyl-dopam ine PET imaging of sympathetic nerve injury in a sw inemodel of acute myocardial ischem ia:a comparison with(13)N-ammonia PET[J].Biomed Res Int,2016,2016:8430637.
[10]Peelukhana SV,Banerjee R,Kolli KK,et al.Benefit of ECG-gated restand stress N-13 cardiac PET imaging for quantification of LVEF in ischem ic patients[J].Nucl Med Commun,2015,36(10):986-998.
[11]Suda M,OnoguchiM,Tomiyama T,etal.The reproducibility of time-of-flight PET and conventional PET for the quantification ofmyocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve with (13)N-ammonia[J].JNuclCardiol,2016,23(3):457-472.
[12]Cho SG,Kim JH,Cho JY,etal.Characteristicsof anginal patients with high resting myocardial blood flow measured with N-13 ammonia PET/CT[J].Nucl Med Commun,2015,36(6): 619-624.
[13]Chaer RA,Shen J,Rao A,etal.Cerebral reserve is decreased in elderly patientswith carotid stenosis[J].JVasc Surg,2010, 52(3):569-574.
[14]You SH,Jo SM,Kim YJ,etal.Pre-and post-angioplasty perfusion CTwith acetazolamide challenge in patientswith unilateral cerebrovascular stenotic disease[J].J Korean Neurosurg Soc,2013,54(4):280-288.
[15]Marshall RS,Rundek T,Sproule DM,etal.Monitoring of cerebral vasodilatory capacity with transcranial Doppler carbon dioxide inhalation in patients with severe carotid artery disease[J].Stroke,2003,34(4):945-949.
[16]King A,Serena J,Bornstein NM,etal.Does impaired cerebrovascular reactivity predict stroke risk in asymptomatic carotid stenosis?A prospective substudy of the asymptomatic carotid embolistudy[J].Stroke,2011,42(6):1550-1555.
[17]Kuroda S,Houkin K,Kam iyama H,et al.Long-term prognosis ofmedically treated patientswith internal carotid ormiddle cerebral artery occlusion:can acetazolamide test predict it?[J]. Stroke,2001,32(9):2110-2116.
[18]Asenbaum S,Reinprecht A,Brücke T,et al.A study of acetazolamide-induced changes in cerebral blood flow using 99mTc HMPAO SPECT in patients with cerebrovascular disease[J].Neuroradiology,1995,37(1):13-19.
[19]Kuroda S,Kam iyama H,Abe H,et al.Acetazolamide test in detecting reduced cerebral perfusion reserve and predicting long-term prognosis in patientswith internal carotid artery occlusion[J].Neurosurgery,1993,32(6):912-918.
[20]Matsuda H,Higashi S,Kinuya K,et al.SPECT evaluation of brain perfusion reserve by the acetazolamide testusing Tc-99m HMPAO[J].Clin NuclMed,1991,16(8):572-579.
[21]Siero JC,Hartkamp NS,Donahue MJ,etal.Neuronal activation induced BOLD and CBF responsesupon acetazolamideadministration in patientswith steno-occlusive artery disease[J]. Neuroimage,2015,105:276-285.
[22]Watabe T,Shimosegawa E,Kato H,et al.Paradoxical reduction of cerebral blood flow after acetazolam ide loading:a hemodynam ic andmetabolic study with(15)O PET[J].Neurosci Bull,2014,30(5):845-856.
[23]YamauchiM,ImabayashiE,Matsuda H,etal.Quantitative assessment of rest and acetazolam ide CBF using quantitative SPECT reconstruction and sequential adm inistration of(123) I-iodoamphetam ine:comparison among data acquired at three institutions[J].Ann NuclMed,2014,28(9):836-850.
[24]Kim HJ,Kim TW,Ryu SY,et al.Acetazolam ide-challenged perfusion magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of cerebrovascular reserve capacity in patientswith symptomaticm iddle cerebral artery stenosis: comparison with technetium-99m-hexamethylpropyleneam ine oxime single-photon em ission computed tomography[J].Clin Imaging,2011,35(6): 413-420.
[25]CaoW,Cheng X,LiH,etal.Evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve using Xenon-enhanced CT scanning in patients with symptomatic m iddle cerebral artery stenosis[J].JClin Neurosci,2014,21(2):293-297.
[26]金新安,陳偉,馬壯,等.醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷MR灌注成像對(duì)糖尿病患者腦血管儲(chǔ)備功能的初步研究[J].臨床放射學(xué)雜志,2014, 33(3):339-342.
[27]王欣全,顧紅梅,李敏,等.CT灌注結(jié)合醋甲唑胺負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)對(duì)32周齡原發(fā)性高血壓大鼠腦血管儲(chǔ)備功能的初步研究[J].南通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版),2014,34(1):19-22.
[28]Fujimoto S,Hasegawa Y,Yokota C,etal.Acetazolam ide challenge test using sem iquantitative123I-IMPSPECT for detection of cerebral m isery perfusion[J].JNeurol Sci,2002,205(1): 21-27.
[29]趙永波,郭玉璞,周前,等.缺血性腦血管疾病的乙酰唑胺腦負(fù)荷試驗(yàn)研究[J].中風(fēng)與神經(jīng)疾病雜志,2003,20(1):16-18.
[30]喬穗憲,唐安戊,王麗娟,等.13N-NH3PET腦血流灌注顯像診斷缺血性腦血管病變[J].中華核醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2002,22(5): 274-276.
Cerebrovascular Reserve in Patientswith Unilateral InternalCarotid Artery or Midd le CerebralArtery Stenosis: Study with13N-Ammonia PET/CTCombined with Methazolam ide
SU Yu-sheng1,WANG Hong-yan2,LIANG Zhi-gang1,LU Jie1,LIMeng1,WANGMan1
1.Department of Nuclear Medicine,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China 2.Departmentof NuclearMedicine,Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of ChineseMedicine,Beijing 100700,China
Objective To evaluate the cerebrovascular reserve(CVR)with13N-ammonia PET/CT andmethazolamide in patientswith cerebral ischem ic disease.Methods From January,2014 to December,2015,basal and stress PET/CT were performed in ten healthy persons and 53 patientswith unilateral internal carotid artery ormiddle cerebralartery stenosis.Radioactive countsweremeasured onmirror regions of bilateral frontal lobe,parietal lobe,temporal lobe,occipital lobe,basalganglia and thalamus to calculate the blood flow change rate.Results For the healthy persons,the radioactive distribution of bilateral frontal lobe,parietal lobe,temporal lobe,occipital lobe,basal ganglia and thalamuswere roughly symmetrical on both basal and stress PET/CT.The radioactive countsweremore in basal ganglia and thalamus than in cortex,and the least inwhitematter.The radioactive countsweremoreon stress PET/CT than basal PET/CT,and therewasno significantdifference between both sides(t=1.552,P=0.132).For the patients,the blood flow perfusion decreased in 39 patientswith 126 regions on basal PET/CT,and 49 patientswith 183 regions on stress PET/CT.Within the 39 patientswho found decreased blood flow perfusion regions,16 patientswere found new regions on stress PET/CT,and 29 regions of 13 patients improved in blood flow perfusion on stress PET/ CT.The blood flow change rate was significantly different between basal and stress PET/CT(t=2.466,P<0.05).Conclusion13N-ammonia PET/CT cerebralblood flow perfusion imaging combinedwithmethazolamide stress testcan evaluate the cerebrovascular reserve in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery orm iddle cerebralartery stenosis,and is valuable for clinicalassessmentand early intervention for patientswith cerebral ischemic disease.
cerebral ischemic disease;cerebrovascular reserve;nitrogen radioisotopes graphy;methazolamide;positronem ission tomography;computerized tomography
10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2016.11.014
R743
A
1006-9771(2016)11-1304-06
2016-07-22
2016-08-15)
1.首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)宣武醫(yī)院核醫(yī)學(xué)科,北京市100053;2.北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)東直門醫(yī)院核醫(yī)學(xué)科,北京市100700。作者簡介:蘇玉盛(1972-),男,北京市人,碩士,副主任醫(yī)師,主要研究方向:PET/CT的臨床應(yīng)用。E-mail:suyusheng0819@sina.com。