張 禛,范小瑞,席華明,梁亞俊,賀俊平
(山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物科技學(xué)院,太谷 030801)
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熱應(yīng)激對(duì)性成熟豬睪丸TGF-β3和Claudin-11蛋白表達(dá)的影響
張禛,范小瑞,席華明,梁亞俊,賀俊平*
(山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物科技學(xué)院,太谷 030801)
旨在探討豬舍溫度37~40 ℃熱應(yīng)激條件下,轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子β3(TGF-β3)和Claudin-11在豬睪丸的表達(dá)與定位。6頭性成熟長(zhǎng)白公豬分成2組,3頭為熱應(yīng)激組,置于溫度控制在37~40 ℃的豬舍環(huán)境,每天3 h,連續(xù)7 d,每天于熱處理結(jié)束后將豬趕回20~27 ℃正常豬舍環(huán)境中;另3頭為對(duì)照組,飼養(yǎng)于20~27 ℃正常豬舍環(huán)境中。7 d后取睪丸組織,采用qRT-PCR、Western blotting及免疫組織化學(xué)對(duì)豬睪丸TGF-β3和Claudin-11的表達(dá)進(jìn)行研究。qRT-PCR結(jié)果顯示,與對(duì)照組相比,TGF-β3在熱應(yīng)激組的mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量顯著升高(P<0.01),Claudin-11的mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量較對(duì)照組降低(P<0.05)。Western blotting結(jié)果顯示,熱應(yīng)激處理組TGF-β3的蛋白表達(dá)較對(duì)照組升高(P<0.05),Claudin-11的蛋白表達(dá)較對(duì)照組下降(P<0.05)。免疫組織化學(xué)結(jié)果顯示,熱應(yīng)激組TGF-β3免疫反應(yīng)強(qiáng)陽(yáng)性物定位于各級(jí)生精細(xì)胞和支持細(xì)胞,免疫陽(yáng)性著色深度和范圍高于對(duì)照組,提示熱應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致TGF-β3的表達(dá)增高;熱應(yīng)激組Claudin-11表達(dá)與對(duì)照組相比明顯下降,對(duì)照組Claudin-11在血睪屏障位置呈明顯的帶狀表達(dá),而熱應(yīng)激組Claudin-11的表達(dá)局限在支持細(xì)胞周圍,失去明顯的血睪屏障帶狀表達(dá)。熱應(yīng)激影響豬睪丸TGF-β3和Claudin-11的表達(dá)與定位,提示熱應(yīng)激可能通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)TGF-β3和Claudin-11的表達(dá)來(lái)影響精子發(fā)生。
熱應(yīng)激;豬睪丸;精子發(fā)生;TGF-β3;Claudin-11
多數(shù)哺乳動(dòng)物睪丸在溫度較體溫低2~8 ℃的陰囊中進(jìn)行精子發(fā)生[1]。陰囊和睪丸溫度升高會(huì)干擾精子發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致精子畸形率升高、密度減少和活力降低。流行病學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),焊工、面包師、鑄造工等,由于陰囊和睪丸持續(xù)受熱,是臨床男性不育的高發(fā)人群[2-3]。高溫影響其他哺乳動(dòng)物精液品質(zhì)也有大量研究報(bào)道。高溫季節(jié)公牛的精液品質(zhì)明顯下降[4]。43 ℃熱處理猴睪丸30 min后,生精細(xì)胞凋亡增加[5-6]。在高溫條件下豬的精液品質(zhì)下降,精子的成活率降低[7]。熱應(yīng)激影響精子發(fā)生和精液品質(zhì)的分子機(jī)制尚不清楚。
支持細(xì)胞是睪丸曲精小管內(nèi)唯一與生精細(xì)胞直接接觸的體細(xì)胞,并為生精細(xì)胞的發(fā)育提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)供給[8]。相鄰支持細(xì)胞之間由緊密連接形成血睪屏障(Blood-testis barrier,BTB),血睪屏障的存在及其完整性的保持是功能性精子發(fā)生所必需[9]。Claudin-11是支持細(xì)胞間緊密連接的基本組成蛋白之一[10],屬于Claudin家族的成員。Claudin-11表達(dá)于人[11]、小鼠[12]、兔[13]等睪丸曲精小管。來(lái)自恒河猴的研究表明,熱應(yīng)激能改變恒河猴睪丸中支持細(xì)胞的形態(tài)和功能,進(jìn)而誘導(dǎo)生精細(xì)胞凋亡,導(dǎo)致精子減少[14]。
一種轉(zhuǎn)化生長(zhǎng)因子TGF-β3可能會(huì)下調(diào)C1audin-11的表達(dá)[15]。TGF-β3屬于TGF-βs[16],是TGF-β超家族的一員,具有廣泛的生物學(xué)效應(yīng),TGF-β3對(duì)生殖系統(tǒng)的調(diào)控機(jī)制是目前研究的前沿與熱點(diǎn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),支持細(xì)胞緊密連接的組裝過(guò)程中,TGF-β3可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)抑制C1audin-11的表達(dá),進(jìn)而對(duì)支持細(xì)胞緊密連接屏障造成干擾[17]。熱應(yīng)激處理小鼠睪丸后,TGF-β3表達(dá)量可逆性增高,推斷TGF-β3可能參與了對(duì)緊密連接相關(guān)蛋白表達(dá)的下調(diào)[18]。
睪丸熱應(yīng)激嚴(yán)重影響豬精子發(fā)生和精液品質(zhì),但其分子機(jī)制尚不清楚。高溫是否影響TGF-β3和Claudin-11的表達(dá),從而影響精子發(fā)生和精液品質(zhì),尚無(wú)相關(guān)報(bào)道。本研究以性成熟的公豬為對(duì)象,研究TGF-β3和C1audin-11在37~40 ℃熱應(yīng)激情況下的基因表達(dá)變化,旨在探索熱應(yīng)激影響豬精子發(fā)生的分子機(jī)制。
1.1試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物及樣品采集
6頭18月齡性成熟長(zhǎng)白公豬來(lái)自山西省太谷縣的某養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng),其中3頭為熱應(yīng)激組(Heat stress group),置于溫度控制在37~40 ℃的豬舍環(huán)境,每天3 h,連續(xù)7 d,每天于熱處理后驅(qū)趕回20~27 ℃的豬舍環(huán)境;另外3頭為對(duì)照組(Control group),于20~27 ℃正常豬舍環(huán)境中飼養(yǎng)。7 d后手術(shù)摘除兩側(cè)睪丸,將睪丸組織切成小塊,部分組織放入液氮中,用于Western blotting檢測(cè),部分睪丸組織置于Bouin’s固定液中,經(jīng)浸蠟包埋后進(jìn)行免疫組織化學(xué)檢測(cè)。
1.2主要試劑
RIPA強(qiáng)裂解液(碧云天公司產(chǎn)品);RNA提取試劑盒(Trizol Readent,Invitrogen公司產(chǎn)品);反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒(QIAGEN公司產(chǎn)品);QuantiFast SYBR Green PCR Kit(QIAGEN公司產(chǎn)品);兔抗TGF-β3及Claudin-11多克隆抗體(北京博奧森生物技術(shù)有限公司產(chǎn)品);羊抗兔GAPDH單克隆抗體(Abcam公司產(chǎn)品);HRP-羊抗兔IgG及高靈敏度發(fā)光試劑盒(康為世紀(jì)公司產(chǎn)品);蛋白Marker(Thermo公司產(chǎn)品);硝酸纖維素膜(NC)(武漢博士德生物公司產(chǎn)品);DAB顯色劑(福州邁新試劑產(chǎn)品)。
1.3方法
1.3.1RNA提取和qRT-PCR的擴(kuò)增Trizol法提取總RNA,凝膠電泳檢測(cè)其完整性,用ND-1000(NanDrop Technologies)測(cè)定其濃度。按照QIAGEN公司反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒進(jìn)行cDNA合成,反應(yīng)體系為gDNA Wipeout Buffer(7×)2 μL;總 RNA 1 μg;加去RNA酶水至14 μL。體系混勻后,42 ℃反應(yīng)2 min。將Quantiscript RT Buffer(5×)4 μL;RT Primer Mix 1 μL;Reverse-transcription master mix 1 μL,充分混勻后,置于PCR儀中,反應(yīng)程序:42 ℃30 min;95 ℃3 min進(jìn)行反應(yīng),-20 ℃保存cDNA。利用Primer premier 5.0軟件,并通過(guò)NCBI設(shè)計(jì)TGF-β3和Claudin-11的引物,引物由華大基因公司合成。引物序列見(jiàn)表1,退火溫度為60 ℃。
表1熒光定量PCR引物序列及擴(kuò)增條件
Table 1Fluorescence quantitative PCR primer sequences and amplification conditions
目的基因Genes引物序列(5'-3')SequenceofprimerPCR產(chǎn)物/bpProductionTGF-β3F:TGGAAGCCATTAGGGGACAR:GCGGAAAATCTTGGAGGTG281Claudin-11F:GGTCTGCCAGCCATTCTCCTR:ACCAAACGCCTGGGCATCTC28518SrRNAF:GAAGGGCACCACCAGGAGTR:CAGACAAATCACTCCACCAA158
按照QIAGEN試劑盒進(jìn)行熒光定量PCR,反應(yīng)結(jié)束后,由熔解曲線判定PCR反應(yīng)的特異性,并根據(jù)擴(kuò)增曲線CT值,利用2-△△CT法計(jì)算TGF-β3和Claudin-11在熱應(yīng)激組和對(duì)照組豬睪丸中相對(duì)表達(dá)水平。
1.3.2Western blotting使用RIPA強(qiáng)裂解液提取睪丸組織總蛋白,蛋白質(zhì)的濃度用ND-1000微量核酸蛋白測(cè)定儀測(cè)定。上樣后進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE電泳,電泳完畢轉(zhuǎn)移至NC膜,搖床上5%脫脂奶粉搖動(dòng)封閉1 h。孵育一抗(1∶300 TGF-β3多克隆抗體,1∶200 Claudin-11多克隆抗體,1∶1 000 GAPDH單克隆抗體),4 ℃孵育過(guò)夜。TBST洗膜10 min×3次,HRP-羊抗兔IgG覆蓋NC膜,37 ℃孵育1 h。TBST洗膜5 min×6次,加入高靈敏度發(fā)光試劑進(jìn)行顯色,暗室曝光獲取圖像,用Image-ProPlus6.0軟件對(duì)TGF-β3和C1audin-11結(jié)果分析,數(shù)據(jù)均用“Means±SE”表示,用SPSS19.0軟件進(jìn)行單因素方差分析,P<0.05有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
1.3.3免疫組織化學(xué)石蠟切片經(jīng)二甲苯脫蠟、梯度酒精水化,加3%H2O2,置37 ℃孵育10 min,PBS緩沖液(pH=7.4)沖洗2 min×3次;用5%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)稀釋一抗,滴加1∶50稀釋的兔抗TGF-β3多克隆抗體和1∶50稀釋的兔抗Claudin-11多克隆抗體,4 ℃過(guò)夜;置37 ℃反應(yīng)30 min,PBS緩沖液沖洗2 min×3次;滴加HRP標(biāo)記的羊抗兔IgG,置37 ℃孵育40 min,PBS緩沖液沖洗2 min×3次;DAB顯色3 min。蘇木精復(fù)染15 min,經(jīng)梯度酒精脫水、二甲苯透明、中性樹(shù)膠封片,顯微鏡下觀察。部分切片以非免疫兔血清代替一抗作為陰性對(duì)照切片。
2.1qRT-PCR擴(kuò)增
qRT-PCR結(jié)果表明,TGF-β3在對(duì)照組中mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量為(1.254±0.197),而在熱應(yīng)激組中mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量升高,為(2.873±0.055),是對(duì)照組的2.291倍(P<0.01),二者表達(dá)差異極顯著(圖1A);對(duì)照組Claudin-11 mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量為(0.917±0.050),在熱應(yīng)激組Claudin-11 mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量降低,為(0.710±0.101),對(duì)照組是熱應(yīng)激組的1.292倍(P<0.05),二者表達(dá)差異顯著(圖1B)。
2.2Western blotting檢測(cè)
兔抗TGF-β3多克隆抗體可以與豬睪丸蛋白提取物中分子量約為47 ku的蛋白條帶發(fā)生免疫陽(yáng)性反應(yīng)(圖2A)。通過(guò)SPSS19.0軟件分析數(shù)據(jù)得到TGF-β3蛋白在對(duì)照組相對(duì)表達(dá)量為(1.171±0.178),熱應(yīng)激組相對(duì)表達(dá)量升高,為(1.350±0.200),熱應(yīng)激組TGF-β3表達(dá)量是對(duì)照組的1.153倍(P<0.05),兩者差異顯著(圖2B)。
A.TGF-β3;B.Claudin-11。Control.對(duì)照組;HS.熱應(yīng)激組;*.P<0.05,**.P<0.01。下同A.TGF-β3;B.Claudin-11.Control.Control group;HS.Heat stress group;*.P<0.05;**.P<0.01.The same as below圖1 TGF-β3和Claudin-11 mRNA在對(duì)照組和熱應(yīng)激組豬睪丸的相對(duì)表達(dá)量Fig.1 Relative expression level results of TGF-β3 and Claudin-11 mRNA in boar testis collected from control group and heat stress group
兔抗C1audin-11多克隆抗體可以與豬睪丸蛋白提取物中分子量約為22 ku的蛋白條帶發(fā)生免疫陽(yáng)性反應(yīng)(圖2A)。通過(guò)SPSS19.0軟件分析數(shù)據(jù)得到C1audin-11蛋白在對(duì)照組相對(duì)表達(dá)量為(0.698±0.062),熱應(yīng)激組相對(duì)表達(dá)量下降,為(0.443±0.034),對(duì)照組C1audin-11的表達(dá)量是熱應(yīng)激組的1.576倍(P<0.05),兩者差異顯著(圖2C)。
2.3免疫組織化學(xué)染色
2.3.1TGF-β3在豬睪丸中的免疫組織化學(xué)染色對(duì)照組TGF-β3免疫反應(yīng)陽(yáng)性物著色于精原細(xì)胞、精母細(xì)胞及圓形精子細(xì)胞的胞質(zhì)中,呈陽(yáng)性表達(dá),在支持細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)染色較淺,表達(dá)較弱(圖3A);熱應(yīng)激組TGF-β3于各級(jí)生精細(xì)胞的胞質(zhì)著色較對(duì)照組著色深,呈強(qiáng)陽(yáng)性表達(dá),在支持細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)的著色也變深,表達(dá)增強(qiáng)(圖3B)。陰性對(duì)照切片以正常兔血清代替一抗,無(wú)特異性著色(圖3C)。
2.3.2Claudin-11在豬睪丸中的免疫組織化學(xué)染色對(duì)照組中Claudin-11定位于支持細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜相應(yīng)位置,在血睪屏障位置處呈明顯的帶狀表達(dá),形成一條強(qiáng)陽(yáng)性表達(dá)的連續(xù)帶(圖4A);熱應(yīng)激組Claudin-11表達(dá)與對(duì)照組相比差異明顯,Claudin-11的表達(dá)局限在支持細(xì)胞周圍,失去明顯的血睪屏障帶狀表達(dá)(圖4B)。陰性對(duì)照切片以正常兔血清代替一抗,無(wú)特異性著色(圖4C)。
TGF-β3在哺乳動(dòng)物睪丸中的表達(dá)已見(jiàn)有各種報(bào)道。V.Caussanel等[19]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),TGF-β3表達(dá)于成熟期豬睪丸的支持細(xì)胞和分裂前期的生殖細(xì)胞。TGF-β3表達(dá)于雄性大鼠睪丸生精上皮的減數(shù)分裂前的精母細(xì)胞、支持細(xì)胞和圓形精子細(xì)胞[20-21]。本研究對(duì)照組免疫組織化學(xué)結(jié)果顯示,TGF-β3蛋白主要表達(dá)在豬睪丸各級(jí)精母細(xì)胞和支持細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)中,與W.Xia等[20]、W.Y.Lui等[21]對(duì)大鼠睪丸,A.Wagener等[22]對(duì)鹿睪丸中的表達(dá)結(jié)果基本一致。
A.47和22 ku分別為TGF-β3多克隆抗體和Claudin-11多克隆抗體印記;B.TGF-β3在對(duì)照組和熱應(yīng)激組中的相對(duì)表達(dá)量;C.Claudin-11在對(duì)照組和熱應(yīng)激組中的相對(duì)表達(dá)量A.47 and 22 ku,respectively TGF-β3 polyclonal antibody and Claudin-11 polyclonal antibody imprint;B.Relative expression levels of TGF-β3 protein in control group and heat stress group;C.Relative expression levels of Claudin-11 protein in control group and heat stress group圖2 TGF-β3和Claudin-11表達(dá)免疫印跡分析結(jié)果Fig.2 Western blotting analysis results of the expression of TGF-β3 and Claudin-11
A.對(duì)照組;B.熱應(yīng)激組;C.陰性對(duì)照組.Sg.精原細(xì)胞;Sp.精母細(xì)胞;Sc.支持細(xì)胞;RS.圓形精子細(xì)胞;標(biāo)尺=25 μm。圖4同A.Control group;B.HS group;C.Negative control group.Sg.Spermatogonia;Sp.spermatocyte;Sc.Sertoli cell;R.S.Round spermatid;bar=25 μm.The same as Figure 4圖3 TGF-β3在豬睪丸的免疫組織化學(xué)表達(dá)和定位Fig.3 Immunohistochemical expression and localization result of TGF-β3 in boar testis
ES.長(zhǎng)形精子細(xì)胞ES.Elongated spermatid圖4 Claudin-11在豬睪丸的免疫組織化學(xué)表達(dá)和定位Fig.4 Immunohistochemical expression and localization result of Claudin-11 in boar testis
Claudin-11是構(gòu)成血睪屏障中支持細(xì)胞緊密連接重要的蛋白分子,C.J.Park等[23]研究表明,Claudin-11在野雞睪丸平行表達(dá)于生精上皮底部的基膜層。Claudin-11表達(dá)于成年羊駝睪丸支持細(xì)胞的基底部,在生精上皮形成連續(xù)帶[24]。C.J.Park等[25]發(fā)現(xiàn)Claudin-11表達(dá)在軟殼龜睪丸支持細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)的下方。本研究對(duì)照組免疫組織化學(xué)結(jié)果顯示,Claudin-11主要平行表達(dá)于支持細(xì)胞的基底部,在血睪屏障對(duì)應(yīng)處形成一條強(qiáng)陽(yáng)性表達(dá)的連續(xù)帶,與C.J.Park等[23]對(duì)野雞睪丸,Q.Y.Guo等[24]對(duì)羊駝睪丸,C.J.Park等[25]對(duì)軟殼龜睪丸中的表達(dá)定位結(jié)果相似。
本研究熱應(yīng)激組免疫組織化學(xué)結(jié)果顯示,TGF-β3于各級(jí)生精細(xì)胞和支持細(xì)胞胞質(zhì)的著色較對(duì)照組深;Claudin-11的表達(dá)局限在支持細(xì)胞周圍,失去明顯的血睪屏障帶狀表達(dá)。根據(jù)qRT-PCR和Wertern blotting結(jié)果顯示,TGF-β3在熱應(yīng)激組的mRNA和蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)量較對(duì)照組升高;而熱應(yīng)激處理卻導(dǎo)致C1audin-11的mRNA和蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)量較對(duì)照組降低。推斷37~40 ℃熱處理豬睪丸后,TGF-β3表達(dá)升高,升高的TGF-β3可能下調(diào)Claudin-11的表達(dá),這與H.Cai等[18]對(duì)小鼠睪丸,W.Y.Lui等[17]對(duì)大鼠睪丸的研究結(jié)果相似,但其機(jī)制有待進(jìn)一步研究。
用睪丸支持細(xì)胞離體培養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),TGF-β3通過(guò)激活p38 MAPK信號(hào)通路,調(diào)節(jié)緊密連接蛋白Claudin-11的表達(dá),進(jìn)而干擾支持細(xì)胞緊密連接屏障[21],這提示TGF-β3是調(diào)控支持細(xì)胞緊密連接屏障的一個(gè)重要因子。目前在所有的Claudin蛋白家族中,人們對(duì)Claudin-11的研究最多。據(jù)報(bào)道,敲除小鼠睪丸支持細(xì)胞中的Claudin-11,曲精小管內(nèi)精子畸形率增高,精子活力降低,導(dǎo)致小鼠不育[26]。這提示Claudin-11對(duì)睪丸精子的發(fā)生有著重要意義。
綜上表明,推測(cè)熱應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致豬睪丸TGF-β3表達(dá)升高,下調(diào)Claudin-11的表達(dá),導(dǎo)致正常的精子發(fā)生受阻,進(jìn)而影響精子發(fā)生和精液品質(zhì)。
本研究結(jié)果表明,TGF-β3及血睪屏障緊密連接蛋白Claudin-11特異性定位和表達(dá)于性成熟豬睪丸中。37~40 ℃熱應(yīng)激處理豬睪丸,TGF-β3表達(dá)升高,Claudin-11表達(dá)下降,提示熱應(yīng)激可能經(jīng)由調(diào)節(jié)這兩個(gè)基因的表達(dá)來(lái)影響精子發(fā)生。
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(編輯程金華)
Effect of Heat Stress on the Expression of TGF-β3 and Claudin-11 Protein in Mature Boar Testis
ZHANG Zhen,F(xiàn)AN Xiao-rui,XI Hua-ming,LIANG Ya-jun,HE Jun-ping*
(CollegeofAnimalScienceandVeterinaryMedicine,ShanxiAgriculturalUniversity,Taigu030801,China)
The purposes of this study was to explore the expression and location of TGF-β3 and Claudin-11 in the boar testis under heat stress (37-40 ℃) and normal temperature (20-27 ℃).Six boars (Landrace,18 months of age) were used and divided into 2 groups.3 boars were homed in a thermo-controlled temperature (37-40 ℃,3 h daily,consecutive 7 d) house as a heat stress group.After heat treatment,the boars were driven back to normal temperature (20-27 ℃).The other 3 boars were homed in 20-27 ℃ house as a control group.7 days later,all boars were castrated and the testis tissues were harvested.qRT-PCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the changes of mRNA and protein in response to heat treatment.qRT-PCR showed that relative expression levels of TGF-β3 mRNA significantly increased (P<0.01),while relative expression levels of Claudin-11 mRNA decreased(P<0.05) in heat treatment group compared with the control.Western blotting found that the expression levels of TGF-β3 protein significantly increased(P<0.05)in heat treatment group,while the expression levels of Claudin-11 protein decreased(P<0.05)compared with the control.Immunohistochemistry results showed that:TGF-β3 immunoreactivity staining was observed in all stages of germ cells and Sertoli cells in both heat stress group and the control,and the depth and area of the positive staining in heat stress group were higher than that of the control;Claudin-11 immunoreactivity staining decreased in heat stress boars compared with the control in that Claudin-11 immunoreactivity staining localized in a consecutive strand area corresponding to the blood-testis barrier in the testis of control boars,while Claudin-11 immunoreactivity staining was limited to Sertoli cells and no obvious immunoreactivity strand that could be found in heat stress group.Then we could get a conclusion that heat stress damaged the sperm quality and spermatogenesis maybe partly via heat stress increased the expression of TGF-β3 and decreased the expression of Claudin-11 in boar testis.
heat stress;boar testis;spermatogenesis;TGF-β3;Claudin-11
10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.10.023
2016-04-25
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31470124)
張禛(1991-),男,山西陽(yáng)泉人,碩士生,主要從事基礎(chǔ)獸醫(yī)學(xué)研究,E-mail:18935445461@163.com
賀俊平,E-mail:dnhjp@163.com
S852.1
A
0366-6964(2016)10-2136-07