高產優(yōu)質多抗廣適雜交粳稻組合選育

華澤田 東麗 王才林 袁勤 周廣春

摘 要：該研究整合了國家雜交水稻工程技術研究中心天津分中心、江蘇省農業(yè)科學院糧食作物研究所、上海市農業(yè)科學院作物育種栽培研究所、吉林省農業(yè)科學院水稻研究所、浙江省農業(yè)科學院、常熟市農業(yè)科學研究所、江蘇徐淮地區(qū)淮陰農業(yè)科學研究所等7家長期從事粳稻雜種優(yōu)勢利用研究的優(yōu)勢單位進行聯(lián)合攻關，在多個研發(fā)方向均取得重要進展，圓滿完成了各項計劃任務。針對雜交粳稻綜合性狀優(yōu)良品種缺乏的問題，通過創(chuàng)制優(yōu)異種質資源，選育出了一批適合粳稻主產區(qū)種植的集高產、優(yōu)質、多抗、廣適于一體的雜交粳稻組合，在品種審定、不育系選育、恢復系選育及新組合選育等方面均取得重要進展，獲得了一系列豐碩成果：6個新組合通過審定，其中2個新組合通過國家品種審定，4個新組合通過省級品種審定；選育出綜合農藝性狀優(yōu)良的粳稻不育系32個，其中5個不育系通過鑒定，選育配合力高、抗性好、米質優(yōu)的恢復系20個；課題實施期間累計示范推廣雜交水稻組合183.34萬畝；申請植物新品種保護9項。實施期間，“產、學、研”聯(lián)合緊密，本研究積極和產業(yè)骨干企業(yè)結盟，整合資源，邊研究、邊示范、邊推廣，實現(xiàn)了研發(fā)與產業(yè)無縫銜接，提高了科研成果轉化效率，使企業(yè)的技術得到提升。

關鍵詞：雜交粳稻選育 高產優(yōu)質 多抗廣適

Abstract：Through joint brainstorm of 7 superior organizations， all of which are engaged in the research of heterosis utilization of Japonica rice for a long time， including Tianjin Sub-Center of China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center， Grain Crop Research Institute of Jiangsu Academy Of Agricultural Sciences， Crop Breeding And Cultivation Research Institute Of Shanghai Academy Of Agricultural Sciences， Rice Research institute of Jilin Academy Of Agricultural Sciences， Zhejiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences， Changshu Institute Of Agricultural Sciences， Jiangsu Huaiyin Institute Of Agricultural Sciences， this research made a big through in many area， perfectly completed all scheduled task. In view of lack issue of hybrid japonica rice varieties with good comprehensive characters， through creating excellent germplasm resources， we successfully bred a batch of hybrid japonica rice combination suitable for japonica rice main producing area with high yield， superior quality， strong resistance， widely adaptability， made important process in variety certification， breeding of sterile line， restore line and new combination， and got a series of fruitful results： 6 new combinations getting certificate， 2 of which getting state authorization， another 4 getting provincial authorization； bred 32 japonica rice sterile line with superior comprehensive agronomic trait， 5 of which passed appraisal， bred 20 restore line with high combining ability， good resistance， high quality； during the implementation of this task we successfully popularized hybrid rice combination for 18.334 million mu and applied 9 new varieties of plants protection. During this task， “production， knowledge， research” are closely integrated， this research positively cooperated with key enterprise， integrated resource， made the research， demonstration and popularize at the same time， achieved the seamless connection of research and industry， improved scientific research achievements conversion efficiency， and finally promoted the technology of enterprises.

Key Words：Hybrid Japonica Rice Breeding；High Yield and Good Quality；Strong Resistance and Widely Adaptability

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