鞏會(huì)杰,牛少曦,李世超,沈東來,顧良友,李新濤,高 宇,張 瑜,馬 鑫,姚遠(yuǎn)新,張 旭
解放軍總醫(yī)院 泌尿外科,北京 100853
雙特異性磷酸酶-1過表達(dá)對腎癌細(xì)胞株A498增殖和侵襲的影響
鞏會(huì)杰,牛少曦,李世超,沈東來,顧良友,李新濤,高 宇,張 瑜,馬 鑫,姚遠(yuǎn)新,張 旭
解放軍總醫(yī)院 泌尿外科,北京 100853
目的構(gòu)建攜帶人雙特異性磷酸酶-1(dual specificity phosphatase-1,DUSP-1)基因的過表達(dá)慢病毒載體并包裝病毒,感染人腎癌細(xì)胞株A498后觀察DUSP-1的過表達(dá)對腎癌細(xì)胞株A498增殖和侵襲能力的影響。方法從pCMV6-XL5-DUSP-1質(zhì)粒上獲得目的基因片段,采用DNA重組技術(shù)將DUSP-1基因插入到慢病毒表達(dá)載體質(zhì)粒Plv-EGFP(2A)Puro中,獲得重組plv-EGFP(2A)Puro-DUSP-1載體。重組慢病毒表達(dá)質(zhì)粒及輔助包裝質(zhì)粒pH1、pH2共轉(zhuǎn)染293T細(xì)胞進(jìn)行慢病毒包裝,收集病毒上清并感染腎癌細(xì)胞株A498,利用Western blot檢測細(xì)胞DUSP-1蛋白的表達(dá)情況。用MTS法檢測細(xì)胞增殖能力的變化,Transwell法檢測細(xì)胞侵襲能力的變化。結(jié)果成功構(gòu)建攜帶DUSP-1過表達(dá)載體。包裝病毒后成功感染A498細(xì)胞株,DUSP-1蛋白表達(dá)較對照A498細(xì)胞株顯著上調(diào)。重組質(zhì)粒組細(xì)胞在490 nm吸光值明顯上升(P<0.05);細(xì)胞侵襲試驗(yàn)中,重組質(zhì)粒組的穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)明顯高于空載體組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論成功構(gòu)建了人DUSP-1基因的重組慢病毒表達(dá)載體pLV-EGFP(2A)Puro-DUSP-1,進(jìn)行病毒包裝后成功培養(yǎng)穩(wěn)定高表達(dá)DUSP-1基因的腎癌細(xì)胞株;DUSP-1基因的過表達(dá)具有促進(jìn)腎癌細(xì)胞株A498增殖和侵襲的作用。
雙特異性磷酸酶-1;腎癌細(xì)胞株A498;基因表達(dá)調(diào)控,腫瘤
雙特異性磷酸酶-1(dual specificity phosphatase-1,DUSP-1)是由早期應(yīng)答基因編碼的一種雙向特異性的蘇/酪氨酸磷酸酯酶,主要分布于細(xì)胞核內(nèi),在絲裂酶原蛋白活化激酶MAPK(細(xì)胞外信號調(diào)節(jié)激酶ERK,p38和c-jun氨基末端激酶JNK)的去磷酸化和失活方面發(fā)揮重要作用。MAPK信號傳導(dǎo)通路是與腫瘤發(fā)生、發(fā)展、侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移及凋亡相關(guān)的重要信號傳導(dǎo)通路之一,DUSP-1能使活化的MAPK家族成員去磷酸化而失去活性,進(jìn)而在腫瘤的發(fā)生、轉(zhuǎn)移及腫瘤細(xì)胞的凋亡等方面發(fā)揮重要作用[1-2]。本研究旨在構(gòu)建帶有DUSP-1基因的重組慢病毒表達(dá)載體后進(jìn)行病毒包裝,并通過感染A498篩選得到穩(wěn)定高表達(dá)DUSP-1基因的腎癌細(xì)胞株,探討其對A498腎癌細(xì)胞增殖和侵襲能力的影響。
1材料 293T人腎小管上皮細(xì)胞、A498腎癌細(xì)胞株由本實(shí)驗(yàn)室培養(yǎng)。胎牛血清FBS購自美國Gibco公司、DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基、MEM/EBSS培養(yǎng)基購自美國Hyclone公司。6 cm和96孔細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)皿購自美國Corning公司。慢病毒包裝系統(tǒng)購自北京英茂盛業(yè)公司[含pLV-EGFP(2A)Puro表達(dá)載體、pH1和pH2輔助載體]。含人DUSP-1的CDS片段質(zhì)粒pCMV6-XL5購自美國Origene公司。XbaⅠ限制性內(nèi)切酶,BamHⅠ限制性內(nèi)切酶、T4-DNA連接酶購自日本TAKARA公司。核酸染料Gelred購自美國Biotium公司,DNA凝膠回收試劑盒購自美國Promega公司,PCR Taq Master Mix、質(zhì)粒小提試劑盒、DNA產(chǎn)物純化試劑盒購自北京天根公司,感受態(tài)細(xì)胞DH5α購自于北京全式金公司。脂質(zhì)體Lipofectamine2000購自Invitrogen公司,PCR引物合成、測序由Genewiz公司完成。DUSP-1抗體購自于美國MILLIPORE公司;羊抗兔、羊抗鼠抗體購自北京中杉金橋公司。MTS試劑購自美國Promega公司,Transwell小室、Matrigel基質(zhì)膠購自美國BD公司。
2DUSP-1基因的擴(kuò)增 從pCMV6-XL5-DUSP-1質(zhì)粒上擴(kuò)增DUSP-1基因,在引物上游和下游分別加入XbaⅠ和BamHⅠ黏性末端和保護(hù)堿基,引物序列為:上游5'-TGCTCTAGAATGGTCATGGAAGT GGGCA-3';下游5'-CGCGGATCCTCAGCAGCTG GGAGAGGT-3'。PCR反應(yīng)體系:模板1 μl、Taq Master Mix 10 μl、上下游引物共1 μl、ddH2O 8 μl。PCR擴(kuò)增條件:95℃預(yù)變性10 min,95℃變性30 s、62℃退火30 s、72℃延伸1 min共35個(gè)循環(huán),72℃延伸10 min,回收反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物。PCR產(chǎn)物在1%瓊脂糖凝膠中電泳,Gelred染色,利用凝膠成像觀察電泳結(jié)果。
3重組慢病毒質(zhì)粒 pLV-EGFP(2A)Puro-DUSP-1的構(gòu)建、鑒定PCR獲得的DNA片段和載體同時(shí)酶切。酶切體系:20 μl×5:限制性內(nèi)切酶XBaⅠ1 μl、限制性內(nèi)切酶BamHⅠ1 μl、KBuffer 1 μl、質(zhì)粒DNA 1.5 μl(530 ng/μl)/片段DNA 1 μl(780 ng/ μl)、分別加H2O至20 μl。37℃酶切4 h后行DNA電泳,進(jìn)行目的片段膠回收。純化后測量濃度,將目的片段與載體連接。連接體系10 μl:T4 Ligase 1 μl、Buffer 1 μl、質(zhì)粒DNA 5 μl(120 ng/ μl)/片段DNA 3 μl(68 ng/μl)。16℃連接過夜;將連接產(chǎn)物10 μl轉(zhuǎn)化入DH5α感受態(tài)細(xì)胞,接種于帶有氨芐青霉素的LB瓊脂平板上培養(yǎng)12 ~ 14 h;挑克隆、搖床搖菌(37℃、200 r/min、14 ~ 16 h);質(zhì)粒提??;酶切鑒定(設(shè)置空載體對照);將DNA電泳正確的質(zhì)粒送測序。
4慢病毒包裝與感染 待293T細(xì)胞達(dá)70% ~ 80%融合時(shí)進(jìn)行感染,分別將5 μg重組病毒載體、空載體與3.75 μg pH1質(zhì)粒、1.25 μg pH2質(zhì)粒按照Lipofectamine 2000說明書混合制成感染液,感染4 ~ 6 h后更換高糖培養(yǎng)基。48 h時(shí)收集細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)上清,10 000 r/min離心10 min,上清用0.45 μm的濾膜過濾后備用。將對數(shù)A498細(xì)胞接種于6 cm培養(yǎng)皿,待生長至融合度達(dá)70% ~ 80%時(shí)進(jìn)行病毒感染,感染時(shí)加入1 ml病毒上清+ 3 μl Polybrene + 2 ml 10% FBS的EBSS培養(yǎng)基輕輕搖勻,24 h更換1次培養(yǎng)基,第5天在熒光顯微鏡下觀察熒光表達(dá)。
5Western blot檢測DUSP-1蛋白表達(dá) 收集感染的A498細(xì)胞,裂解后取40 μg左右處理后的蛋白樣品進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE電泳并電轉(zhuǎn)至PVDF膜上,5%脫脂奶粉37℃封閉1 h,DUSP-1一抗1∶2 000稀釋后4℃孵育過夜,TBST洗膜3 min×5次,然后與山羊抗兔二抗1∶3 000,37℃孵育1 h,TBST洗膜3 min×5次,HRP-ECL法曝光,監(jiān)測目的蛋白的表達(dá)。
6MTS法檢測A498細(xì)胞增殖 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)置重組質(zhì)粒組和空質(zhì)粒組,按照每孔5 000個(gè)細(xì)胞密度接種于96孔板中,在37℃、5% CO2培養(yǎng)24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h后每孔加20 μl MTS試劑,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)1 h后,用酶標(biāo)儀測定490 nm波長各孔吸光值。每組設(shè)置3個(gè)復(fù)孔,重復(fù)3次。
7Transwell檢測細(xì)胞侵襲能力 用1% FBS培養(yǎng)基制備細(xì)胞懸液,調(diào)整細(xì)胞濃度為2×104/ml;向24孔板中加入500 μl含20% FBS的EBSS培養(yǎng)基;向每個(gè)小室中加100 μl制備的細(xì)胞懸液(于接種細(xì)胞前12 h在小室中鋪Matrigel基質(zhì)凝膠),溫箱中孵育24 h;用棉簽將小室上層未侵襲的細(xì)胞輕輕擦掉;將500 μl結(jié)晶紫染料加入24孔板未占用的孔中,將小室放入染料中,室溫避光染色20 min;將小室浸入盛有去離子水的燒杯中充分沖洗,用棉簽將小室上層未侵襲的細(xì)胞輕輕擦掉,超凈臺吹風(fēng)干燥;顯微鏡下觀察照相,100倍鏡視野下隨機(jī)選取5個(gè)視野進(jìn)行細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)。
8統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 數(shù)據(jù)以表示,應(yīng)用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,組間比較采用t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
1PCR法獲取目的基因片段 取PCR產(chǎn)物5 μl進(jìn)行瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,顯示在約1 100 bp處有擴(kuò)增條帶,片段與預(yù)期值一致,表明目的基因克隆成功(圖1)。
2重組慢病毒質(zhì)粒的構(gòu)建鑒定和測序 重組表達(dá)載體pLV-EGFP(2A)Puro-DUSP-1經(jīng)XBaⅠ、BamHⅠ雙酶切后,1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳也顯示1 100 bp處的DUSP-1片段(圖2)。重組表達(dá)載體測序結(jié)果分析顯示,所插入的序列與理論序列完全一致,表明DUSP-1重組慢病毒表達(dá)質(zhì)粒構(gòu)建成功。
3慢病毒包裝結(jié)果 重組質(zhì)粒與空質(zhì)粒慢病毒感染A498細(xì)胞后第5天熒光倒置顯微鏡觀察綠色熒光表達(dá)情況(圖3),感染效率為90%以上。Western blot法檢測DUSP-1蛋白表達(dá),結(jié)果顯示,重組質(zhì)粒組的DUSP-1表達(dá)顯著升高(圖4)。
4MTS法檢測A498細(xì)胞增殖 兩組細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)后,感染重組質(zhì)粒組A498在鋪板后24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的吸光值較空質(zhì)粒組明顯增加,細(xì)胞增殖能力明顯增強(qiáng)(P<0.05,圖5)。
5Transwell檢測細(xì)胞侵襲能力 重組質(zhì)粒組穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)為122±15,空質(zhì)粒組穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)為77±9。重組質(zhì)粒組A498細(xì)胞的穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)比空質(zhì)粒組增加60%(P=0.01),侵襲能力明顯增強(qiáng)(圖6)。
圖 1 DUSP-1基因的PCR擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物電泳圖M:200 bp標(biāo)記物; 1 ~ 2: PCR擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物圖 2 重組慢病毒質(zhì)粒酶切鑒定圖M:200 bp標(biāo)記物; 1: 重組質(zhì)粒; 2: 空質(zhì)粒Fig. 1 Electrophoresis of DUSP-1 PCR productM: 200 bp Marker; 1-2: PCR productFig. 2 Enzyme cleave identification of the recombinant plasmidM: 200 bp Marker; 1: Recombinant plasmid; 2: Empty plasmid
圖 3 轉(zhuǎn)染后GFP表達(dá)情況(×100) A:空質(zhì)粒組;B:重組質(zhì)粒組Fig. 3 Expression of GFP after transfection (×100) A: Empty plasmid; B: Recombinant plasmid
圖 4 Western blotting檢測結(jié)果1: 轉(zhuǎn)染重組質(zhì)粒組; 2: 轉(zhuǎn)染空質(zhì)粒組Fig. 4 Western blotting result 1: Empty plasmid; 2: Recombinant plasmid
圖 5 重組質(zhì)粒組的MTS于各個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)在490 nm處光吸收值較空質(zhì)粒組明顯增高(P<0.05)Fig. 5 Absorbance of the recombinant plasmid group at different time points were significantly higher comparing with empty plasmid group (P<0.05)
圖 6 A498細(xì)胞侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn) A: 空質(zhì)粒組; B:重組質(zhì)粒組Fig. 6 A498 cell invasion assay A: Empty plasmid; B: Recombinant plasmid (aP=0.01)
MAPK信號傳導(dǎo)通路是與腫瘤發(fā)生、發(fā)展、侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移及凋亡相關(guān)的重要信號傳導(dǎo)通路之一,作為MAPKs內(nèi)源性抑制劑的DUSP-1就成為了一個(gè)非常有潛在研究價(jià)值的調(diào)控因子。多數(shù)研究也表明,DUSP-1基因的異常表達(dá)與多種腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、轉(zhuǎn)移、凋亡、抗藥性及缺氧誘導(dǎo)機(jī)制相關(guān)[3-5]。有研究表明,DUSP-1與非小細(xì)胞肺癌(non-smallcell lung cancer,NSCLC)的血管生成、侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān),敲低DUSP-1在NSCLC細(xì)胞中的表達(dá)可以提高腫瘤細(xì)胞對順鉑的敏感性[6-8]。DUSP-1在胰腺癌細(xì)胞中的高表達(dá)能促進(jìn)體內(nèi)的腫瘤形成,靶向作用于DUSP-1后,吉西他濱能更高效地誘導(dǎo)胰腺癌細(xì)胞的凋亡[9]。DUSP-1的表達(dá)與乳腺癌的進(jìn)展呈正相關(guān),是乳腺癌不良預(yù)后的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素,同時(shí)也是是介導(dǎo)腫瘤化療抵抗的重要因素[10-11]。這些都說明,DUSP-1在腫瘤的發(fā)生、發(fā)展中作為促癌基因發(fā)揮作用。然而在前列腺癌的研究中,DUSP-1的表達(dá)水平隨著腫瘤分期的升高而降低,過表達(dá)DUSP-1后能促進(jìn)前列腺癌細(xì)胞DU145的凋亡[12]。在子宮內(nèi)膜癌中,DUSP-1的表達(dá)下降可作為腫瘤進(jìn)展以及發(fā)生惡性轉(zhuǎn)移的潛在標(biāo)記物[13]。腎透明細(xì)胞癌惡性程度高,對放療、化療均不敏感,與腫瘤進(jìn)展相關(guān)的功能機(jī)制研究尚未有明確結(jié)果[14-17]。有研究描述腎透明細(xì)胞癌中抑制DUSP-1的表達(dá)可以增加JKN相關(guān)的細(xì)胞凋亡[18]?;诖宋覀冊O(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn),研究過表達(dá)DUSP-1在腎癌細(xì)胞系中的作用。
本實(shí)驗(yàn)以慢病毒載體pLV-EGFP(2A)Puro為基礎(chǔ),成功構(gòu)建含有人DUSP-1基因的重組慢病毒質(zhì)粒pLV-EGFP(2A)Puro-DUSP-1,經(jīng)過包裝得到病毒顆粒并感染人腎癌細(xì)胞株A498,獲得了可穩(wěn)定高表達(dá)DUSP-1的A498-DUSP-1細(xì)胞。本實(shí)驗(yàn)構(gòu)建的A498-DUSP-1細(xì)胞增殖速度明顯提高,細(xì)胞的侵襲能力顯著增強(qiáng),初步說明DUSP-1在腎癌的發(fā)展及轉(zhuǎn)移過程中有促進(jìn)腫瘤生長、增強(qiáng)腫瘤侵襲力的作用。
本實(shí)驗(yàn)為后期DUSP-1基因在腎癌細(xì)胞生物學(xué)功能研究及動(dòng)物模型的建立奠定了一定的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。對腎透明細(xì)胞癌DUSP-1信號通路的研究,有助于進(jìn)一步闡明腎透明細(xì)胞癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展機(jī)制,為腎癌的治療及預(yù)后評估提供新的思路。
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Effect of DUSP-1 overexpression on proliferation and invasion of renal cell carcinoma cell line A 498
GONG Huijie, NIU Shaoxi, LI Shichao, SHEN Donglai, GU Liangyou, LI Xintao, GAO Yu, ZHANG Yu, MA Xin, YAO Yuanxin, ZHANG Xu
Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
ZHANG Xu. Email: xzhang@foxmail.com
ObjectiveTo construct the pLV-EGFP (2A) Puro-DUSP-1 lentiviral expression vector and package virus and observe the effect of DUSP-1 overexpression on proliferation and invasion of human renal cell carcinoma cell line A498.MethodsThe target gene obtained from pCMV6-XL5-DUSP-1 was cloned into Plv-EGFP (2A) Puro vector by recombinant DNA technology. The recombinant lentiviral vector pLV-EGFP (2A) Puro-DUSP-1 was co-transfected into 293T cells with packaging plasmids pH1 and pH2 to package virus. The A498 cell line was infected by virus supernatant, and then western blot was used to detect the expression of DUSP-1 protein. The effects of DUSP-1 on proliferation and invasion of A498 cells were analyzed using MTS and Transwell method.ResultsAfter successful construction of the recombinant pLV-EGFP (2A) Puro-DUSP-1 lentiviral expression vector, packaging of lentiviral particles and transfection of A498 cell line, the expression of DUSP-1 was significantly upregulated in protein level compared with the empty vector group. MTS assay showed that the absorbance in the recombinant vector group was significantly increased after transfection (P<0.05) and transwell assay showed that cell invasion numbers in the recombinant vector group were also increased compared with the empty vector group (P<0.05).ConclusionRecombinant pLV-EGFP (2A) Puro-DUSP-1 lentiviral expression vector is successfully constructed and the lentiviral particles are successfully packaged. The overexpression of DUSP-1 can significantly increase cell proliferation and invasion of A498 cell line.
dual specificity phosphatase 1; renal carcinoma cell line A498; gene expression regulation, neoplastic
R 737.11
A
2095-5227(2015)04-0379-04
10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2015.04.021
時(shí)間:2014-12-29 10:53
http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3275.R.20141229.1053.001.html
2014-10-17
基金課題:國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863)資助課題(2012AA021100)
Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program)(2012AA021100)
鞏會(huì)杰,男,在讀碩士。Email: urologhj@qq.com
張旭,男。Email: xzhang@foxmail.com