摘""" 要: 在英語學習中,有一些動詞,如:hear,know及read等詞,加上介詞后有不同的意義,初學者極易混淆。英語中這類成對的動詞與短語動詞(動詞短語)較多,現(xiàn)列舉常用的20對試作淺易雙解,并示例比較,以期準確辨析,正確使用。
關鍵詞: 英語教學""" 動詞""" 介詞""" 差異
Shoot (vt.)與shoot at,search (vt.)與 search for等,后者均比前者多了一個介詞,兩者在意義上同中有異,初學者極易混淆。英語中這類成對的動詞與短語動詞(動詞短語)較多,現(xiàn)列舉常用的20對,試作淺易雙解,并示例比較,以準確辨析,正確使用。
1.hear:listen to and catch ...;聽到……(聲音)
hear about:hear people talk about ...;聽說……(情況)
例:I haven’t heard the singer sing,but I have heard about her.我沒聽過這位歌唱家演唱,但我聽說過她的情況。
2.know:be acquainted with ... (sb.);認識
know about:have some information concerning (sb/sth)了解……的情況
例:I know about him,but I can’t really say I know him.我了解他的情況,但不能說我認識他。
3.read:look at and understand ... (printed or written matter);讀
read about:have got information concerning ... by reading;讀悉
例:Reading today’s newspaper,I read about the duststorm there.讀今天的報紙時,我讀到了沙塵暴的情況。
4.teach:get students to master ...;教授
teach about:get students to have information concerning ...;教授有關……
例:Much talk by the teacher and little practice by the student is not to teach languages but to teach about them.教師講得多,學生練得少,不是教授語言而是教授語言方面的知識。
5.write:produce ... by putting down words on paper;寫作
write about:write sth with ... as a topic;寫有關……的情況
例:The author wrote a short story,in which he wrote about the customs in his hometown.作者寫了一篇短篇小說,其中寫到了他家鄉(xiāng)的風俗。
6.catch:lay hold of ... (sb/sth);抓住
catch at:try to lay hold of ...;想抓住
例:He caught my hand and held it tightly.他抓住我的手緊握著。
He caught at a rope thrown to him,but missed it.他想抓住扔給他的繩子,但沒抓著。
7.shoot:hit or kill ... with an arrow or gun;擊中,擊斃
shoot at:try to hit or kill ... with an arrow or gun;向……射擊
例:The hunter shot the bird.獵人射死了那只鳥。
The hunter shot at the bird,but missed it.獵人向鳥射擊,但未擊中。
8.tear:pull ... apart(分開) or to pieces;撕開/扯碎
tear at:try to pull ... apart or to pieces;撕,扯
例:She tore at the cloth,but wasn’t able to tear it.她撕那塊布料,但沒有撕開。
9.believe:regard ... (sb or what one says) as true;相信
believe in:regard ... (sb/sth) as trustworthy 信任,信賴
例:I believe him,but I don’t believe in him.我相信他的話,但我不信任他。
10.feel:try to ... learn about ... by touching;摸
feel for:try to find ... by touching;摸著尋找
例:The blind man is feeling the elephant.盲人在摸象。
The blind man is feeling for the elephant.盲人在摸索著找象。
參考文獻:
[1]新英漢字典編寫組.English-Chinese Dictionary (Enlarged amp; Updated).上海:上海譯文出版社,1987.
[2]胡春洞,王才仁.英語學習論 [M].廣西:廣西教育出版社,1996.