【摘要】清朝末年,中國(guó)內(nèi)憂外患,思想、生產(chǎn)力落后。在中國(guó)內(nèi)憂外患之際,嚴(yán)復(fù)翻譯了英國(guó)生物學(xué)家赫胥黎的《天演論》,在《天演論譯例言》中,嚴(yán)復(fù)提出了“信達(dá)雅”的翻譯理念,影響深遠(yuǎn)?!靶拧敝敢饬x不背原文,即是譯文要準(zhǔn)確,不歪曲,不遺漏,也不要隨意增減意思;“達(dá)”指不拘泥于原文形式,譯文通順明白;“雅”則指譯文時(shí)選用的詞語(yǔ)要得體,追求文章本身的古雅,簡(jiǎn)明優(yōu)雅。筆者將《天演論譯例言》描述“信達(dá)雅”翻譯理念的部分進(jìn)行了翻譯,共同探討翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與原則。
【關(guān)鍵詞】嚴(yán)復(fù) 天演論譯例言 信達(dá)雅
原文:
譯事三難:信、達(dá)、雅。求其信已大難矣,顧信矣不達(dá),雖譯猶不譯也,則達(dá)尚焉。海通已來(lái),象寄之才,隨地多有,而任取一書,責(zé)其能與于斯二者則已寡矣。其故在淺嘗,一也;偏至,二也;辨之者少,三也。今是書所言,本五十年來(lái)西人新得之學(xué),又為作者晩出之書。譯文取明深義,故詞句之間,時(shí)有所顛倒附益,不斤斤于字比句次,而意義則不倍本文。題曰達(dá)旨,不云筆譯,取便發(fā)揮,實(shí)非正法。什法師有云:學(xué)我者病。來(lái)者方多,幸勿以是書為口實(shí)也。
譯文:
There are three difficult things in the process of translation ,faithfulness, comprehensibility and elegance. Faithfulness is difficultenough, if the translator just pursue faithfulness, they may fail in comprehensibility ,then there translation work is meaningless ,so the comprehensibility is significant .Since we take the policy of opening ,there are plenty of translators, but the qualified
Translators who can combine faithfulness and comprehensibility is not common. There are three reasons for that phenomenon, firstly ,they just have rough skim of the original work ;Secondly ,they don’t have an overall analysis and study about the original work; thirdly ,they can’t comprehend truly. Now , what this book want to explain is both the western scientific circle ‘s new reach result for 50 years and the scientist ‘s
Work at the old age, my translation focus on the theory quintessence. SoI add and delete some words according to my own understanding ,I even revise and replenish the work. The translation work don’t need to restrain by the origin work ,if only the main point shows no different with the origin work. In another words ,if only the translator can express the origin work’s main point ,they don’t need to follow the origin work ,they can recreate it. But that is not the right way of translation. Just like the well-known monk master Jiumoluoshi said , blind imitation with ludicrous effection. Afterward, there will be more translator ,please don’t follow my way .
參考文獻(xiàn):
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