高考英語中的分隔干擾現(xiàn)象

王淑福

分隔干擾是英語中常見的語言現(xiàn)象，是指在不影響語義表達的情況下在兩個相連的成分中間插入別的內(nèi)容。這樣做一是為了保持句子的結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，二是增加語言表達的靈活性。例如：

The news came in the end that our team won the football match.我們球隊贏得比賽的消息終于來了。

句中The news 與 that our team won the football match 共同充當主語，為保持句子的結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，將同位語從句放在主句的最后。

The day we are looking forward to_________.

A. come B. comes C. comingD. came

解析： 答案為B。不難看出此題利用定語從句將句子的主語和謂語進行了分隔，很容易讓人根據(jù)介詞to 后接-ing的形式而錯選C項。

下面就“分隔干擾”這一現(xiàn)象，結(jié)合高考舉例加以說明。

一、 利用定語從句進行分隔干擾

1. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,_________for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. (2000年春季，16)

A. that B. while C. which D. when

解析： 答案為D。該題在定語從句的關(guān)系詞和先行詞之間加入for these football fans的干擾。

2. The film brought the hours back to me

I was taken good care of in that far-away village. （2001全國卷，22）

A. until B. that C. when D. where

解析：答案為C。此題考查定語從句。為了保持整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，把定語從句放在最后，使得先行詞與從句分隔開了。

3. —Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one_________you know I used to work for years. (2005福建卷，35)

A． that B． which C． where D． what

解析：答案為C。此題考查定語從句。先行詞the one 后是用插入語you know來干擾對關(guān)系詞的選擇。

4. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_________ , of course, made the others unhappy. (2000北京安徽卷，17)

A． who B． whichC． this D． what

解析： 答案為B。該題考查非限制性定語從句，并在定語從句中使用插入語of course，增加了語言的靈活性。

二、 利用主謂一致實施分隔干擾

1. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,_________visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. (2004北京卷，28)

A. was B. were

C. had been D. would be

解析：答案為A。此題考查主謂一致。句子主語The teacher 后插入with 短語來加強語言的表達效果，同時干擾了對謂語動詞的選擇。

2. All the employers except the manager

to work online at home. (2004廣東卷，21)

A. encourages B. encourage

C. is encouraging D. are encouraged

解析：答案為D。此題考查主謂一致。句子主語All the employers 后插入except the manager來加強語言的表達效果，同時干擾了對謂語動詞的選擇。

3. Professor Smith, along with his assistants,_________on the project day and night to meet the deadline. (2005上海卷，31)

A． work B． working

C． is working D． are working

解析：答案為C。此題考查主謂一致。句子主語All the employers 后插入along with his assistants來加強語言的表達效果，同時干擾了對謂語動詞單復數(shù)形式的選擇。

三、 利用插入語分隔干擾

John plays football_________ , if not better than, David. (NMET 94, 28)

A. as well B. as well as

C. so well D. so well as

解析：答案為B。此題考查比較級，if not better than作為條件插入句中，將兩個比較的對象分隔開來，解答時只須將其去掉，就可找到正確答案。

四、 利用同位語從句進行干擾

Danby left word with my secretary_________he would call again in the afternoon. (2005浙江卷,15)

A． who B． that C． as D． which

解析：答案為B。該題利用with my secretary將word與其同位語that he would call again in the afternoon分隔，從而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)能保持平衡。

五、 利用其它方式進行分隔干擾

1. The old ladys hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor_________this shaking had begun half a year before, and_________ , only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job. (2005重慶卷，34)

A． when; how B． how; when

C． how; how D． why; why

解析：答案為C。該題鑒于explain 的賓語how this shaking had begun half a year before, and how, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job過長而將其放在to her doctor后面，使得動詞與賓語分隔開來，以此保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)上的平衡。

分隔干擾針對性練習

1. The pen I_________I_________is on my desk,right under my nose.

A. think; lost B. thought; had lost

C. think; had lost D. thought; have lost

2. What else was there in my brother_________ you didnt like?

A. who B. whom C. when D. that

3. He arrived in New York in 1896,_________ ,some time later, he became a famous writer.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

4. Edison made a lot of inventions,_________of great importance.

A. which I think are

B. which I think they are

C. which I think they

D. I think which are

5. It was such a serious mistake,_________caused by carelessness.

A. which I think was

B. which I think it was

C. I think which was

D. I think which it was

6. Bob seems to have never been_________his wifes parents, even herself, seriously.

A. facing B. taking C. seeing D. telling

7. We agree to accept_________they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whomever B. whatever

C. whoever D. no matter who

8. We should spend as much time as we can________English well.

A. to learn B. learning

C. learn D. learned

9. —Four? A little_________ , say, a quarter to,OK?

—All right.

A. less B. some C. later D. earlier

10. —Did you have any trouble in getting here?

—No, otherwise, I_________you.

A. would have telephoned

B. much have telephoned

C. would telephoned

D. much telephoned

11. —We havent heard from Jane for a long time.

—What do you suppose_________to her?

A. was happening B. to happen

C. has happened D. having happen

12. An awful accident_________ , however, occur the other day.

A. does B. did C. has to D. had to

13. Carol said the work would be done by October,_________personally I doubt very much.

A. it B. that C. when D. which

14. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to_________some schools for poor children.

A. set up B. setting up

C. have set up D. having set up

15. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_________road conditions need_________ .

A. that, to be improved

B. which, to be improved

C. where, improving

D. when, improving

16._________be sent to work there?

A. Who do you suggest

B. Who do you suggest that should

C. Do you suggest who should

D. Do you suggest whom should

17. I dont mind picking up your things from the store. ________, the walk will do me good.

A. Sooner or later B. Still

C. In time D. Besides

18. —Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard. ________, you failed.

A. In the end B. After all

C. In other words D. At the same time

19. It is so nice to hear from her._________ , we last met more than thirty years ago.

A. Whats more B. That is to say

C. In other words D. Believe it or not

20. I came home very late last night,_________ early this morning.

A. at the latest B. or rather

C. in a word D. on the whole

Keys: 1. B2. D3. B4. A5. A6. B7. C8. B9. D10. A11. C12. B13. D14. B15. A16. A17. D18. C19. D 20. B