大成拳削掌釋秘

削掌是大成拳的主要掌法，具有極強(qiáng)的實(shí)戰(zhàn)性，常常擊敵于出奇不意之中。追溯其源，削掌是從八卦掌中不衍化而來(lái)，但卻具有更深?yuàn)W的內(nèi)涵和大成拳賦予它的實(shí)戰(zhàn)心法。在神、意、形、氣、力的練習(xí)中，更是講究神由意發(fā)，意到力到，力到掌到。在練習(xí)與變化中修煉身心克敵制勝。削掌以執(zhí)簡(jiǎn)馭繁、切實(shí)有用、靈活簡(jiǎn)捷而著稱。

我曾習(xí)過(guò)梅花樁、八卦掌等各種拳法，后又得王健民先生精心教誨，王師雖為習(xí)武之人，卻授徒以精，有隱人逸士的胸襟氣度。王師曾多次告誡：削掌不可輕用。這足以說(shuō)明了削掌的威力。

削掌在練習(xí)上可分為樁法、神意法、身法、步法和變打法。

樁法是大成拳根本之基，前輩曾說(shuō)：“百練不如一走，百走不如一站”，萬(wàn)法歸一。大成拳樁法可培養(yǎng)渾厚的功力和豪放無(wú)畏的精神氣概，久之產(chǎn)生內(nèi)動(dòng)和內(nèi)氣，再由內(nèi)氣而產(chǎn)生殺傷力極強(qiáng)的內(nèi)功，遇敵后，以內(nèi)力將敵擊敗。

神意之法又稱“過(guò)縫擊人”，此法意如有人在門(mén)前過(guò)，突然伸手將人擊倒。古人練此法多選在墳地與曠野之中，夜深云暗，使人產(chǎn)生極度恐懼而精神高度集中，稍有風(fēng)吹草動(dòng)即出現(xiàn)本能反應(yīng)，猶似寒天打顫，意到手到，產(chǎn)生整體發(fā)力將人擊出。

步法練習(xí)主要有開(kāi)合步、八卦步和橫襠步。開(kāi)合步在削掌中應(yīng)用特別廣泛，是化解對(duì)方進(jìn)攻和抽身?yè)Q步突然繞到敵方身后的一種秘傳步法。步法可在與敵實(shí)戰(zhàn)中做到：身無(wú)定形，步無(wú)定位，始終處于運(yùn)動(dòng)之中，使敵被動(dòng)且隨我而動(dòng)，造成我順敵背之勢(shì)。

身法的練習(xí)也叫“龜蛇相戲”，兩臂似蟒蛇，身動(dòng)如龜游，手隨身轉(zhuǎn)，身隨手移，手之左右回環(huán)，身之上下浮動(dòng)，閃身、搖身、擰身、翻身可變化出多種方法和形式，以此取得擊敵的最佳站位。

變打法是削掌根據(jù)敵方變化的情況，隨機(jī)而動(dòng)，靈活運(yùn)用，利用向心力和離心力原理變化而發(fā)出的反、正、上、下四種勁力和方向的削掌，可單打，亦可連環(huán)使用。

下面是削掌變打法中的一些實(shí)用方法：

一、防拳正削：敵左手擊我頭部，我向右前方擺左腳，上扣右腳，左手防其左手，以正削掌削其頸部或太陽(yáng)穴（圖１）。

要點(diǎn)：此法主要體驗(yàn)向心力，敵之頭頸是人體薄弱部位，如被擊中可造成休克和死亡。

二、正反削變：敵出左手擊我頭部，我左手擋之，右手正削掌削其太陽(yáng)穴，如敵低頭躲過(guò)，在其抬頭之際，我右手正削變反削削其頸部（圖２）。

要點(diǎn)：此為上式之變法，是正削變反削的基本方法，反削時(shí)一定要利用身之回?cái)Q，腿之蹬力。

三、擒手上削：敵出左拳擊我頭部，我出左手擒其左手，右臂從其腋下或臂上削其頭頸，將其削出（圖３）。

要點(diǎn)：穿削靠腰力貫通，得機(jī)得勢(shì)可將敵如放風(fēng)箏似的削出。

四、圈手削掌：敵出左手擊我，我左手向內(nèi)圈其手臂，利用開(kāi)合步，擺左腳，上扣右腳，轉(zhuǎn)其身后，用下削掌法削其頭頸或背部（圖４、５）。

要點(diǎn)：此式關(guān)鍵要磨靠其身，使敵難以施展變化。

五、扇耳下削：敵出右手擊我，我左手下掩其右手，右掌扇其耳門(mén)，如敵左手擋，我左手自右臂洗出，橫移左步，進(jìn)右步插其右腿后，欺身造成其背勢(shì)，右手向下削其左肋部，將其削倒（圖６、７）。

要點(diǎn)：此式要一氣呵成，利用步法造成其背勢(shì)，左手洗擒其左手，要“手見(jiàn)手無(wú)處走”。

六、勾肘削頸：當(dāng)敵左手崩拳擊我，我左手向下勾其肘部，吸身擺左腳，向前扣右步，插其身后，以右掌削其頸部（圖８）。

要點(diǎn)：我下勾其肘時(shí)要含胸、轉(zhuǎn)腰，右掌利用轉(zhuǎn)腰而出擊。

七、纏封削掖：當(dāng)敵左拳擊我，我兩掌纏封其臂，同時(shí)上身進(jìn)右步，左手掖撞其胸肋，右手反削其頸部，將其削出（圖９、１０）。

要點(diǎn)：纏封其臂肘時(shí)要向后引化，如其后退可借勢(shì)發(fā)削掖掌。

八、轉(zhuǎn)環(huán)正削：我右手圈捶擊敵頭部，敵出左掌以橫截沾粘我之右臂，使我勢(shì)背，我順勢(shì)右拳向左向下向右向上劃圈轉(zhuǎn)環(huán)掄臂，削其頭頸（圖１１、１２）。

要點(diǎn)：此為轉(zhuǎn)臂順勢(shì)之法，既可化解，又轉(zhuǎn)敗勢(shì)為攻勢(shì)。

九、剪手反削：敵出左手擊我胸，我雙手用剪手剪其右臂，反右掌削其頸部（見(jiàn)圖１３、１４）。

要點(diǎn)：剪手可折敵臂，剪手失效，可用削掌，此為剪手補(bǔ)救之法。

十、截臂反削：敵出右手擊我胸，我右掌向下截其右手，反右臂削其頭頸（見(jiàn)圖１５、１６）。

要點(diǎn)：先化后打，關(guān)鍵是步法要靈活，反擊要進(jìn)身。

十一、穿掌反削：敵出左手擊我，我上穿右掌截其臂，利用開(kāi)合步轉(zhuǎn)其側(cè)后，左掌削其后頸（圖１７、１８）。

要點(diǎn)：開(kāi)合步要轉(zhuǎn)體２７０度，利用螺旋和離心力削其左掌。

十二、刀手削頸：敵出右手擊我右肋，我向側(cè)外扣右腳，左手叼其右拳，右掌反削其頸，或提膝以踢敵之臂（圖１９、２０）。

要點(diǎn)：左刀手要力量渾厚，務(wù)必使其力點(diǎn)在我身外，提膝要有領(lǐng)勁，上削下踢可使其難以兼顧。

削掌打擊部位主要是頸部和肋部，因此極易給對(duì)方造成傷害。學(xué)者在練習(xí)和切磋時(shí)要注意用力分寸，以免造成不必要的傷害。

Cutting palm is one of the main ways of palm using， which has great effectiveness in actual fighting， and is often used to defeat opponents by surprise. It was derived from Baguazhang， but it has more profound content and effective fighting ways from Dachengquan. In the practice of shen， yi， xing， qi， li， it pays more attention to the following rules: shen comes from yi; li acts with yi; palm acts with li. More practice can improve one‘s actual fighting capacity. Cutting palm is famous for its simpleness， effectiveness and swiftness.

The writer ever studied Plum Blossom Zhuang， Baguazhang， and some other martial arts. He is one of the students of Mater Wang Jianmin‘s. Although Marster Wang is one of the famous martial arts practitioners， he is broad-minded and is very strict with his students. He often told his students that the cutting palm should not be used rashly， which shows the power of cutting palm.

The cutting palm practicing ways include the ways of standing Zhuang， the ways of shen and yi， the ways of body moving， the ways of feet moving and the ways of various fighting.

The ways of standing Zhuang is the basis of Dachangquan. Seniors often said:\" Moving is better than drilling; standing is better than moving. \" All ways have the same essence. The ways of standing Zhuang can develop the practitioner‘s vigorous power and fearless mettle， with enough long time of practice， the practitioner can have inside actions and inside qi， which will produce very great inside power. When meet the opponent， the inside power can be used to defeat him.

The ways of using shen and yi are also called \"the ways of attacking through a crack between door and its frame\"， which means that the ways can be used to attack a passerby suddenly in front door and fight him out. In the old times， practitioners often practice these ways at an open field or a graveyard at the midnight. Such conditions can make the practitioner feel nervous， become more active， any slight move can cause his instinctive actions. Then， the practitioner will act with his mind and use his all power to fight， which is just like one person will shiver in the very cold weather.

The ways of feet moving mainly consists of opening-closing feet， Bagua feet moving and Hengdang feet. Opening-closing feet is frequently used in Cutting Palm using， and is a secret feet moving way， which is often used to block opponents‘ attack and then， move to the back of the opponents. This kind of foot moving， in actual fighting， will have no fix form and perfect position and is constant moving. So the opponent will be in the positive position and have to follow our actions， which is very useful to the practitioner.

Body moving ways are also called \"Turtle and Snake Teasing Ways\". That is， the practitioner‘s arms are like snakes; his body moving is like a urtle swimming. Hands following the move of body， and body following the hands， hands making the left and right circles， body floating up and down to make many postures， such as avoiding， turning， twisting and turning over， and so on， in order to find the best posture to attack.

Changing-attacking palm is one way of the cutting palm using ways， which， according to opponent‘s changing to change， using the theories of centrifugal and centripetal force to make forward cutting， backward cutting， upward cutting and downward cutting. It can be used one by one continually or a single one at a time.

The following are the ways of cutting palm using in actual fighting. They are:

1. Blocking and Cutting forward The opponent attacks your head with the left hand. You can move the left foot up to the right front， move the right foot forward to follow the left one， use the left hand to block his left hand， and use the right palm to cut his neck or temple [Figure 1].Key points: This cutting palm mainly uses the centripetal force to cut the opponent‘s neck or temple， where are the weak parts of one‘s body. This attack can make the opponent shock or die.

2. Cutting forward and backwardThe opponent attacks your head with the left hand. You can block his attack with the left hand， and use the right palm to cut his temple. If he lowers his head to avoid， you can turn over the right palm to cut his neck when he raises his head [Figure 2].

Key points: This action can follow the above one. It‘s the main way of using cutting palm. When cutting backward， the practitioner should make the best use of the force of body turning and leg stretching.

3. Catching Hand and Cutting up The opponent attacks your head with the left fist. You can catch his left hand with the left hand， and spear your right arm through his armpit or upper arm to cut his neck. Try to let him away [Figure 3].Key points: The spearing and cutting must use the force from the waist. Take any chance to cut his neck and let him away like a kite.

4. Pressing Hand and Cutting The opponent attacks you with the left hand. You can move your left hand to make a circle toward inside to press his hand down， then， use the opening-closing feet to move forward， using the left foot to the front and move the right foot up to follow the right one. Then， turn to his back and cut his neck or back [Figures 4， 5].Key points: The key of these actions is that you must close to his body and let him have no chance to attack you.

5. Attacking Ear and Cutting down The opponent attacks you with the right hand. You can use the left hand to press his right hand down， use the right palm to attack his ear. If he blocks your hand with left hand， you should quickly pull the left hand out from under the right arm， move the left foot horizontally， move the right foot up to the back of his right leg， move your body up to approach him and use the right palm to cut him on the left side of his rib region. Try to cut him down [Figures 6， 7].

Key points: These actions must be accomplished at a stretch. Try to use body moving up to make him in the positive position. Your left hand， try to let his hand have no way to move. That is， \"Hand meet his hand and let his hand on way to escape\".

6. Hooking Elbow and Cutting Neck The opponent attacks you with the left hand in the way of Bengquan. You can hook his elbow with your left hand， move the left and the right feet up， move body to the back of him， use the right palm to cut his neck [Figure 8].

Key points: When you hook the opponent‘s elbow， you should close the chest and turn the waist， take the waist turning to cut him.

7. Twining and Cutting The opponent attacks you with the left fist. You can twine and block his arm with your palms. Meanwhile， move your body up and step the right foot up， use the left hand to tuck in his chest or rib region， and use the right palm to cut his neck. Try to cut him away [Figures 9， 10].

Key points: When twining his hand ， try to pull him back and let his attack useless. If he withdraws， you can take the chance to tuck and cut him.

8. Making Circle and Cut forward You make a circle to punch the opponent‘s head with the right hand. He

will intercept your right arm with his left palm and try to let you in the positive position. You should this chance to make a circle with your right fist， swing the arm to the left side and then downward， to the right side， upward， try to cut his neck or head [ Figures 11， 12].

Key points: this arm swinging can not only prevent his attack but also change the positive position to active position to attack him.

9. Trimming Hand and Cutting backward When the opponent punches your chest with the left hand， you can use two hands to make shears to trim his right arm. Then， turn the right palm to cut his neck [Figures 13， 14].

Key points: Trimming can make his arm fracture. If your trimming cannot be effective， the cutting can be a remedial measure.

10. Intercepting Am and Cutting backward The opponent attacks your chest with the right hand. You can cut your palm to intercept his right hand. Then， turn your right palm up to cut his head or neck [Figures 15， 16].

Key points: your cutting should follow your intercepting. The key point of these actions is the swift moving of feet. When attacking， the body must approach to the opponent‘s.

11. Spear Palm and Cutting backward The opponent attacks you with the left hand. You can spear the right palm to intercept his arm， then， make the opening-closing feet moving to the back of him， cut his neck from the back with your left palm [Figures 17， 18].

Key points: When making the opening-closing feet moving， turn your body 270?， use the spiral force and centrifugal force to cut his neck.

12. Grab Fist and Cutting Neck The opponent attacks your right side of your rib regions with the right hand. You should move the right foot to the side way， use the left hand to grab his right fist， turn the right palm to cut his neck， or raise the knee to kick his arm [Figures 19，20].

Key points: The left hand grabbing must be powerful and try to push his force to the side of your body. Raising knee to kick should be fierce. Your cutting and kicking can make him at a loss. Since the Cutting Palm is mainly used to attack the opponent‘s neck or rib regions， it is likely to hurt the opponent greatly. When practicing， the practitioners cannot be too careful， in case the dispensable injure occur.