一、命題特征
此題主要考查學生對文章整體內(nèi)容的理解和概括能力,要求學生能夠把握文章的中心思想、主題或作者的寫作意圖。主旨大意題的提問方式多樣,例如:
What’s the topic of the passage?
What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
What’s the main idea of the passage?
What can we learn from the passage?
Whatis thebest title for thispassage?
The writer’s purpose in writing this story is
通常從以下角度設題:1.文章標題類;2.段落大意類;3.文章主旨類。
此題設置干擾項通常有如下特征:1.以偏概全:只涵蓋了文章中的部分內(nèi)容,而非整體主旨。2.范圍過大:選項的內(nèi)容超出了文章的實際范圍。3.無關內(nèi)容:選項的內(nèi)容與文章毫無關聯(lián)。
二、試題解析
My Volunteer Experience
Last summer, I decided to become a volunteer at a local community center.I was excited about the opportunity to help others and make a difference in my neighborhood.
On my first day,I was assigned to help with the children’s reading program. I read stories to the kids,helped them with their pronunciation,and encouraged them to ask questions. It was amazing to see their eyes light up when they understood a new word or a story's plot. They were so eager to learn, and it made me feel proud to be part of their learning journey.
Later,I also participated in the food distribution project. We packed bags of groceries for families in need and delivered them to their homes.The gratitude in the eyes of those families when they received the food was truly heartwarming. It made me realize how fortunate I was and how much of a difference a simple act of kindness could make.
Throughout the summer, I met many wonderful people, both the volunteers and those we were helping. This experience not only gave me a chance to give back but also taught me valuable lessons about empathy, gratitude, and the importance of community.
What is the main purpose of the author writing this article?
A.To describe the activities at the local community center.
B.To show the importance of food distribution to needy families.
C. To share his / her fulfilling volunteer experience and what he/ she learned from it.
D. To encourage more people to participate in the children's reading program.
通過對文章的理解我們知道A選項是以偏概全了,雖然是在社區(qū)中心有活動,但是通篇并沒有描寫社區(qū)中心的各種活動,而是作者的體驗和經(jīng)歷;B選項也是無關內(nèi)容,文中并沒有對向貧困家庭分發(fā)食物的重要性的相關闡述;D選項也是以偏概全,文中并沒有鼓勵大家都去參與兒童閱讀項目的語言和描寫;C選項為正確選項,作者詳細講述自己的志愿經(jīng)歷,包括在閱讀項目和食物分發(fā)項目的工作,最后點明從中收獲的感悟,目的是分享經(jīng)歷與所學。
三、解題技巧
1.通讀全文
這是解題的基礎步驟。在閱讀過程中,不要過于糾結細節(jié),而是要對文章的大致內(nèi)容有一個整體的把握。例如,對于一篇記敘文,可以先了解故事的主要人物、事件發(fā)生的時間、地點和大致情節(jié);對于說明文,要明確說明的對象及其主要特征;對于議論文,則要找出作者的觀點和主要論據(jù)。
2.尋找主題句
主題句一般是具有概括性的句子,能夠涵蓋文章的主要內(nèi)容。它不會包含過多的細節(jié)信息,而是表達一種比較宏觀的概念。主題句常常出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭,這種情況在說明文和議論文中比較常見,開頭的主題句會直接點明文章的主旨;主題句也可能在文章的結尾,作者會先進行敘述、說明或論證,最后在結尾處總結出文章的中心思想;還有些文章的主題句在中間部分,這通常是在文章開頭先進行鋪墊,中間部分才引出關鍵內(nèi)容,然后再進一步闡述。
3.關注關鍵詞
高頻詞:文章中反復出現(xiàn)的詞匯往往與文章的主旨密切相關。
關聯(lián)詞:像“but\"\"however\"\"therefore\"\"inaddition”等關聯(lián)詞也很重要。例如,\"but”后面的內(nèi)容往往是作者想要強調(diào)的重點,可能與文章的主旨有關。如果文章前面部分介紹一些現(xiàn)象,接著出現(xiàn)“however”,那么文章的主旨可能更傾向于轉(zhuǎn)折后面的信息。
4.分析選項
排除干擾項。排除以偏概全的選項,排除范圍過大的選項,排除與文章內(nèi)容無關的選項。
選擇正確項。正確選項應該能夠準確、全面地概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。它可能是對主題句的改寫,也可能是綜合了文章各部分的關鍵信息。