八閩福地

福建歷史悠久。先秦時，它屬于百越之中的閩越地區(qū)；唐開元二十一年（733年），朝廷設(shè)“福建經(jīng)略使”（負責(zé)邊防的軍職），這是“福建”之名第一次見于史冊；北宋時，設(shè)“福建路”（類似現(xiàn)在福建省的行政區(qū)劃）；到了南宋，設(shè)“一府五州二軍”等八個同級行政機構(gòu)。從此，福建有了“八閩”之稱。

Fujian has a long and rich history. Back in the pre-Qin era， it was part of the Minyue region， being one of the many areas inhabited by the Baiyue people. In 733， during the 21st year of the Tang Dynasty’s Kaiyuan reign， the Imperial Court established the “Fujian Jinglue Envoy，” i.e. a military post responsible for frontier defence. This was the first appearance of the name “Fujian” in historical records. Later， during the Northern Song Dynasty， the administrative region “Fujian Lu，” similar to today’s Fujian Province， was established. By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty， the area was divided into eight administrative units， comprising one prefecture， five counties， and two military districts. From then on， Fujian was known as the “Eight Min.”

背山向海 Back to the mountains， facing the sea

福建山巒起伏、群山綿延，山地與丘陵占全省總面積的80%以上，素有“東南山國”之稱。其中，武夷山脈為福建第一大山脈，綿延550公里，主峰黃崗山海拔2 160.8米，是中國大陸東南部的最高峰。福建森林茂密，被稱為“中國最綠省份”，森林覆蓋率達65.12%，連續(xù)45年位居全國首位。

Fujian is a province of rolling hills and endless mountains； over 80% of its land comprises highlands and hills. Unsurprisingly， it is often called the“Mountainous Kingdom of Southeast China.” Among its many ranges， the Wuyi Mountains stand out as the largest， stretching for 550 kilometres. Its highest peak， Mount Huanggang， rises to 2，160.8 metres， making it the tallest point in Southeast China. Lush forests blanket the province， earning Fujian the title of “China’s Greenest Province.” With a forest coverage rate of 65.12%， Fujian has been in first place nationwide for 45 consecutive years.

縱橫于山川之間的是密集的河網(wǎng)。福建擁有全國罕見的獨立水系格局，除交溪（賽江）發(fā)源于浙江、汀江流入廣東省外，其大多數(shù)河流均發(fā)源于福建省并最終流入福建省海域。福建省內(nèi)最大的河流閩江，水系河流總長 6 107公里，流經(jīng)半個福建，滋養(yǎng)著這片山海之地。

Fujian is traversed by a dense network of rivers， which form a unique hydrological pattern rarely seen elsewhere in China. Apart from the Jiaoxi River （Sai River）， which originates in Zhejiang， and the Ting River， which flows into Guangdong， the majority of Fujian’s rivers originate within its borders and empty into its coastal waters. Among them， the Min River stands out as the largest， with a total waterway length of 6，107 kilometres； it winds through half the province， nourishing this land of mountains and seas.

背山向海是福建最顯著的地理特征。福建海岸線蜿蜒曲折，全長3 752公里，曲折程度居全國第一，造就了125個大小天然港灣。福建海域面積達13.6萬平方公里，超過全省陸地面積。

The defining geographical feature of Fujian is its“back to the mountains， facing the sea” orientation. The rugged coastline of the province twists and turns for 3，752 kilometres， ranking first in China for its complexity， creating 125 natural harbours of varying sizes. Fujian’s sea area spans 136，000 square kilometres， surpassing the total land area of the province.

由于福建境內(nèi)多山，平原與盆地資源稀缺，可耕地面積不足全省土地面積的十分之一，加之古代交通受阻，福建先民不得不向海謀生，逐漸形成以海為田、以舟為車的獨特生活方式。這樣的地理環(huán)境塑造了福建人開拓進取、敢拼敢闖的精神，推動他們揚帆海外，遷移通商，拓展生存空間。

With its mountainous terrain， Fujian has limited plains and basins， with arable land accounting for less than 10% of its total area. In ancient times， the rugged landscape rendered land travel difficult； as a result， Fujian’s ancestors turned to the sea for their livelihood， forging a unique way of life in which the sea was their field， and boats were their carts. This challenging geography shaped the resilient and adventurous spirit of the Fujian people； they dared to explore， trade， and migrate overseas， expanding their horizons and creating opportunities across distant shores.

多元文化 A mosaic of cultures

中國歷史上曾多次發(fā)生由北向南的大規(guī)模人口遷徙，南遷的中原文化與福建本地的閩越文化相互融合，催生了獨特的地域文化?？图椅幕闶瞧渲械牡湫痛?，它一方面保留了中原文化的主流特征，另一方面又善于從畬（shē）族等福建當?shù)厣贁?shù)民族中汲取養(yǎng)分。

Throughout Chinese history， waves of migration from the north to the south brought the culture of the Central Plains into Fujian， where it blended with the local Minyue traditions. This fusion became a unique regional culture， with Hakka culture being a prime example. The Hakka preserved core elements of Central Plains traditions while absorbing influences from Fujian’s indigenous minorities such as the She ethnic minority group.

民族的交融與地理的阻隔孕育了福建豐富多元的文化體系。朱子文化、媽祖文化、船政文化、海絲文化，還有傳統(tǒng)音樂文化，如“非遺”南音、莆仙戲等傳統(tǒng)戲曲，以及散布于山海之間的許多獨特而小眾的民間文化，共同構(gòu)筑了福建文化的百花齊放。

This melding of ethnicities， along with Fujian’s naturally isolating geography， nurtured a rich and diverse cultural tapestry. From Zhu Xi’s Confucian philosophy to Mazu worship， from the maritime legacy of the ancient shipbuilding industry to the seafaring Silk Road， from the Intangible Cultural Heritage Nanyin music to traditional operas such as Puxian opera， along with lesser-known folk customs scattered across the province， Fujian boasts a wealth of traditions， contributing to a cultural scene which is as vibrant as a blooming garden.

值得一提的是，福建是中國茶文化的重要發(fā)祥地。關(guān)于福建產(chǎn)茶的文字記載，最早可追溯到東晉時期。宋代斗茶1之風(fēng)盛行，武夷山一帶一度成為文人雅士品茗論道的理想之地。明清時期，福建人民在茶葉制作技藝上不斷推陳出新，創(chuàng)制出烏龍茶、白茶、紅茶、茉莉花茶等多種茶類。17世紀初，武夷茶遠銷歐洲，風(fēng)靡一時。如今，福建在茶文化遺產(chǎn)的保護和傳承上成果顯著。在申遺成功的“中國傳統(tǒng)制茶技藝及其相關(guān)習(xí)俗”相關(guān)項目中，福建獨占六席，涵蓋武夷巖茶（大紅袍）、安溪鐵觀音、福鼎白茶、福州茉莉花茶、坦洋工夫茶和漳平水仙茶。這塊山海相擁、茶香氤氳（yīnyūn）的福地，孕育了福建深厚的茶文化底蘊。

Notably， Fujian holds a special place in the history of Chinese tea culture； records of tea production in Fujian date back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. By the time of the Song Dynasty， tea contests1 were fashionable， with the Wuyi Mountains becoming a favoured destination for both scholars and tea enthusiasts. During the Ming and Qing dynasties， Fujian pushed the boundaries of teamaking craftsmanship， creating iconic varieties such as oolong， white， black， and jasmine tea. During the early 17th century， Wuyi tea gained international fame， becoming sought-after in Europe. Today， Fujian continues to excel in preserving and promoting its tea heritage. Of the projects included in the UNESCO-recognized “Traditional Tea Processing Techniques and Associated Social Practices in China，”Fujian alone contributes six， i.e. Wuyi Rock Tea （Da Hong Pao）， Anxi Tie Guan Yin tea， Fuding White Tea， Fuzhou Jasmine Tea， Tanyang Gongfu Tea， and Zhangping Shuixian Tea. This blessed land， embraced by mountains and sea and infused with the aroma of tea steeped Fujian in a profound and enduring tea culture.

僑臺紐帶 Overseas connections and the Fujian-Taiwan bond

福建是中國著名的僑鄉(xiāng)。全省現(xiàn)有1 580多萬華僑華人，分布在全球188個國家和地區(qū)。他們帶著“愛拼敢贏”的精神，在異國他鄉(xiāng)落地生根，開創(chuàng)事業(yè)。他們雖遠渡重洋，卻心懷故土，積極投身家鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)。截至2024年，福建累計引進僑資項目企業(yè)3.7萬多家，實際利用僑資超1 100億美元，為福建經(jīng)濟發(fā)展注入了強大動力。同時，閩籍僑胞還踴躍參與公益慈善事業(yè)，為家鄉(xiāng)各類事業(yè)捐款達300多億元人民幣，用于修路、建校、助醫(yī)……他們的行為彰顯著血濃于水的家國情懷。

Fujian， a renowned hometown of Chinese expatriates， proudly connects people worldwide. Over 15.8 million expatriate Chinese and ethnic Chinese from Fujian are now resident in 188 countries and regions， carrying with them the fearless and determined spirit of “l(fā)ove to strive， dare to win.”Although they have ventured far， their hearts remain tied to their roots， and they actively contribute to the development of their homeland. By 2024， Fujian had attracted over 37，000 overseas Chinese-funded enterprises， with investments surpassing 110 billion USD； this infusion of capital has significantly fuelled Fujian’s economic growth. Beyond business， Fujian’s overseas community has generously supported philanthropic causes， donating more than 30 billion RMB to projects such as the construction of roads， schools， and hospitals. These acts of kindness reflect the people’s deep connection and unwavering love for their homeland.

福建與臺灣之間更是有著深厚久遠的歷史和文化淵源。福建沿海居民于宋元時期開始移居臺灣拓墾，明清時期移民浪潮愈發(fā)洶涌。今天，80%的臺灣同胞祖籍地在福建，形成閩臺兩地血脈相親、語言相通、信仰相承、民俗相近的局面。

Fujian and Taiwan share an enduring bond which is rooted in history and culture. As early as the Song and Yuan dynasties， coastal residents of Fujian began migrating to Taiwan to settle and develop the land， with this migration intensifying during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Today， some 80% of Taiwanese people trace their ancestry back to Fujian， creating close ties between the two regions in terms of shared bloodlines， common languages， similar beliefs， and familiar traditions.

在推進兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展、融合發(fā)展的進程中，福建發(fā)揮著獨特且重要的作用。兩岸開放交流以來，福建先行先試，成為臺胞臺企“登陸”的第一家園。不僅如此，兩岸文化交流也日益頻繁，兩岸民眾通過宗親聯(lián)誼、學(xué)術(shù)研討、青少年互訪等活動，不斷增進了解、加深認同。同時，越來越多的臺灣青年來福建求學(xué)與工作，成為促進兩岸溝通的重要橋梁。兩岸民間頻繁的交流互動，就像一條條無形的紐帶，緊緊維系著兩岸的親情與鄉(xiāng)情，續(xù)寫著“閩臺一家親”的動人故事。

In the fostering of peaceful and integrated crossstrait relations， Fujian plays a unique and vital role. Since the opening of cross-strait exchanges， Fujian has served as a gateway for Taiwanese businesses and residents， becoming their first home on the mainland. Cultural exchanges have also flourished， with activities such as clan reunions， academic forums， and youth visits deepening mutual understanding and strengthening connections. A growing number of young Taiwanese people are now choosing Fujian for education and work， becoming essential bridges between the two sides. These lively exchanges and interactions， like invisible threads， weave the fabric of shared kinship and community， continuing the heart-warming story of Fujian and Taiwan as one big family.

開放包容 An open and inclusive spirit

福建自古以來就以開放包容的姿態(tài)擁抱世界。作為古代海上絲綢之路的重要起點，福建的港口曾經(jīng)見證了無數(shù)商船的來來往往。宋元時期，泉州港千帆匯聚，萬商云集，一躍成為“東方第一大港”。瓷器、絲綢、茶葉等中國特產(chǎn)從這里出發(fā)，沿著漫長的海上航線，去往遙遠的國度。與此同時，來自異域的香料、寶石等奇珍異寶也集聚于此，為這片土地增添了神秘而多元的色彩。

Fujian has always embraced the world with openness and inclusivity； as a key starting point of the ancient Maritime Silk Road， its ports were bustling hubs of global trade. During the Song and Yuan dynasties， Quanzhou Port flourished， hosting countless merchant ships and traders， and earning the title of the “l(fā)argest port in the East.” From Fujian， Chinese treasures such as porcelain， silk， and tea embarked on long maritime journeys to distant lands. Meanwhile， exotic goods including spices and gemstones flowed in from distant places， infusing the region with a rich， multicultural charm.

步入現(xiàn)代，福建開放的步伐愈發(fā)堅定有力。福州港、廈門港、泉州港、漳州港等港口持續(xù)繁榮：集裝箱整齊排列，猶如一個個等待出發(fā)的使者；巨輪頻繁進出，航線縱橫交錯，連接著全球各大洲的貿(mào)易伙伴。在對外貿(mào)易方面，機電設(shè)備、鋰電池等高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品成為出口“新寵”。這背后是福建不斷推動產(chǎn)業(yè)升級、科技創(chuàng)新的堅定決心。

Fujian’s journey of openness has grown ever stronger and more determined in modern times. Ports such as Fuzhou Port， Xiamen Port， Quanzhou Port， and Zhangzhou Port continue to thrive， with neatly arranged containers standing like messengers， ready to embark on global journeys. Massive cargo ships arrive and depart， weaving a web of trade routes which link Fujian to every corner of the world. In foreign trade， high-tech products such as mechanical and electrical equipment and lithium batteries have become leading exports， with this success reflecting Fujian’s unwavering commitment to industrial upgrading and technological innovation.

福建還積極搭建各類對外交流平臺，國際展會、貿(mào)易洽談會、合作論壇，一場接著一場，吸引著世界各地的客商。在這里，商業(yè)的邊界被不斷拓寬，新的合作機遇不斷涌現(xiàn)。

Fujian is also a hub for international exchange， hosting a steady stream of global events including trade fairs， exhibitions， and cooperation forums. These platforms attract businesspeople from around the world， expanding the boundaries of commerce and unlocking new opportunities for collaboration.

八閩，這片充滿魅力的土地，既有山川的靈秀，又有海洋的廣闊；既有深厚的文化底蘊，又有開放包容的胸懷；既有僑胞的拳拳愛心，又有閩臺的血脈相連。它宛如一顆璀璨的明珠，在時代的浪潮中熠熠生輝。

The Eight Min region is a land of extraordinary charm. It combines the grace of its mountains with the vastness of its seas， and the depth of its cultural heritage with the warmth of its openness. It thrives on the love and support of expatriate Chinese people and the unbreakable bonds it shares with Taiwan. Like a brilliant pearl， Fujian shines brightly in the tides of modernity， being a beacon of connection and progress.

1 斗茶：一種集茶的調(diào)制、茶的變化、茶的鑒賞、茶的想象、茶的品嘗于一體的活動，對茶器的發(fā)展、茶藝禮儀和茶藝傳播都有影響。Tea contest is a lively activity that brings together the art of preparing tea， observing its changes， appreciating its qualities， sparking imagination， and savoring its flavors. It has shaped the development of tea utensils， influenced tea etiquette， and played a big role in spreading tea culture.