新能源汽車：借東博會(huì)之力“走出去”

趙雅麗

縱觀當(dāng)下，隨著“綠色環(huán)?！薄暗吞汲鲂小钡瘸h的提出，新能源汽車愈發(fā)流行。東盟各國出臺了一系列措施致力于發(fā)展新能源汽車，而中國在新能源汽車領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)擁有十分豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累，品質(zhì)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)均已獲得市場的高度認(rèn)可，這使得中國車企開拓東盟市場的優(yōu)勢進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。

中國—東盟博覽會(huì)（以下簡稱東博會(huì)）一直以來為中國新能源汽車搭建了走向東盟的平臺，如今，隨著《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》（RCEP）生效，東博會(huì)的平臺功能將提質(zhì)升級，從服務(wù)“10+1”向服務(wù)RCEP拓展。暢想未來，東博會(huì)有望為中國新能源汽車“走出去”提供更廣闊的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，從東盟邁向世界市場。

有需求才能在東盟布局

近年來，東盟各國汽車消費(fèi)市場已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了新變化：環(huán)保、低成本、綠色節(jié)能的汽車愈來愈受到歡迎，正成為東盟主要汽車消費(fèi)國泰國、印尼和馬來西亞的第二大暢銷車，這也為中國—東盟帶來了新的合作機(jī)遇。

值得注意的是，東盟國家的電動(dòng)汽車正處于起步階段，市場潛力巨大。當(dāng)前，東盟國家正加速推進(jìn)新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，泰國和印尼已提出燃油車禁售時(shí)間表，并推出一系列EV（電動(dòng)汽車）發(fā)展配套政策措施。

據(jù)中國汽車技術(shù)研究中心資深專家黃永和介紹，作為東盟電動(dòng)汽車銷量最大的國家，泰國政府希望在電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)方面吸收更多外商投資，將泰國打造成為東盟EV中心，計(jì)劃到2035年市場只銷售電動(dòng)汽車;印尼政府頒布了電動(dòng)汽車金融、稅收優(yōu)惠政策，并明確到2050年銷售的汽車均為EV的目標(biāo)。

而中國在發(fā)展新能源汽車方面與東盟國家不謀而合，中國自2012年提出新能源汽車發(fā)展目標(biāo)以來，相繼出臺了財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼、路權(quán)優(yōu)先、牌照開放等一系列政策措施。

瞄準(zhǔn)新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展前景，中國汽車企業(yè)已在東盟國家進(jìn)行布局，展開多項(xiàng)合作。2019年，上海汽車旗下的泰國銷售公司與泰國大型能源公司就構(gòu)建EV充電網(wǎng)絡(luò)啟動(dòng)合作，加快在泰國建立充電設(shè)施。2021年6月，長城汽車泰國工廠正式投產(chǎn)，首臺哈佛H6 HEV（混合動(dòng)力汽車）下線。2021年9月，哪吒汽車發(fā)布針對海外市場的哪吒V右舵版車型，并正式宣布“出?！碧﹪M(jìn)軍東盟新能源汽車市場，其不僅是首家出口右舵車型的造車新勢力，未來哪吒汽車還將同步開展哪吒加電業(yè)務(wù)布局，滿足東盟用戶全場景的充電需求。

有平臺才能廣開市場之門

多年以來，中國和東盟以東博會(huì)為平臺，進(jìn)行全方位合作與交流，推動(dòng)區(qū)域發(fā)展，是中國優(yōu)秀企業(yè)走向東盟、走向世界的重要窗口。中國新能源車企緊緊抓住東博會(huì)這個(gè)走向世界的大好平臺，將生產(chǎn)的各類新能源汽車推出亮相，成為東博會(huì)的一大亮點(diǎn)。

在第16屆東博會(huì)上，各種型號的新能源汽車和電動(dòng)車有序排列。其中，廣西貴港市展出46種型號的新能源汽車和電動(dòng)車，SUV及轎跑車車型6種，物流車車型4種，大巴車、校車、旅游觀光車各1種，新能源三輪車車型5種，新能源電動(dòng)車車型28種。

上汽通用五菱在第18屆東博會(huì)中，第一次以“主機(jī)廠+直營店”聯(lián)動(dòng)的方式參加，并首次攜小型新能源“人氣王”宏光MINIEV和“未來感摩登座駕”KiWiEV參展。上汽通用五菱希望借助東博會(huì)，向東盟國家以及社會(huì)各界進(jìn)一步宣傳旗下新能源車型。

此外，哪吒汽車以“智慧新能源 低碳新未來”為主題，攜哪吒U Pro、哪吒S、哪吒V三款車型亮相第18屆東博會(huì)。哪吒汽車總裁助理兼營銷公司總裁江峰說：“目前東盟對汽車產(chǎn)品的需求旺盛，汽車出口貿(mào)易的潛力巨大，借助第18屆東博會(huì)可以推開我們在東盟國家的市場大門?！?/p>

除了在東博會(huì)設(shè)展之外，論壇活動(dòng)也成為東博會(huì)助力中國—東盟新能源汽車合作的重要路徑。在第18屆東博會(huì)框架下，首次舉辦了中國—東盟（貴港）新能源電動(dòng)車產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展高峰論壇，來自全國新能源電動(dòng)車產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的權(quán)威人士、專家學(xué)者、企業(yè)家代表等齊聚一堂，共同分享了國內(nèi)外新能源電動(dòng)車領(lǐng)域最前沿的科學(xué)技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐，為加速推動(dòng)中國—東盟新能源電動(dòng)車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展帶來最具活力的構(gòu)想，有助中國—東盟新能源電動(dòng)車生產(chǎn)基地的發(fā)展壯大。

有新機(jī)遇才能展望新發(fā)展

中國的新能源汽車取得的成績是不可否認(rèn)的，但在一些前沿技術(shù)上，的確與國際先進(jìn)水平還有一定差距。而RCEP區(qū)域內(nèi)日本等發(fā)達(dá)國家的新能源汽車技術(shù)值得關(guān)注。隨著新能源汽車的愈發(fā)流行和市場逐步擴(kuò)大，作為新能源車企，需要不斷更新改進(jìn)新能源汽車現(xiàn)存的些許問題，如續(xù)航里程過短、充電樁資源分布不均勻等，這些都為區(qū)域市場探討進(jìn)一步的合作留下了廣闊的空間。

另外，就當(dāng)下形勢而言，最值得一提的是RCEP的生效實(shí)施，這使東博會(huì)從服務(wù)“10+1”向服務(wù)RCEP拓展，其平臺功能作用將提質(zhì)升級。據(jù)了解，第19屆東博會(huì)籌備工作將聚焦展會(huì)更好服務(wù)RCEP的功能，將東博會(huì)投資促進(jìn)功能范圍向RCEP拓展，積極開拓RCEP國家客商邀請新渠道，這將為中國—東盟新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)合作帶來前所未有的新機(jī)遇。“要把握RCEP實(shí)施機(jī)遇，需要充分利用稅收和優(yōu)惠條件，把握東盟市場特點(diǎn)，投放差異化優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)品，新能源汽車產(chǎn)品是重點(diǎn)之一。”黃永和說。

從技術(shù)的交流探討，到市場的研判分析，再到產(chǎn)品的展示、營銷，在RCEP生效的大背景下，一個(gè)拓展服務(wù)RCEP的東博會(huì)，將為區(qū)域內(nèi)新能源汽車全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的合作搭建新的舞臺。

At present， with the proposal of initiatives such as “green environmental protection” and “l(fā)ow-carbon travel”， new energy vehicles are becoming more and more popular. ASEAN countries have introduced a series of measures to develop new energy vehicles， while China has rich experience in such fields， with quality and standards having been highly recognized by the market， providing advantages for Chinese auto enterprises to tap into the ASEAN market.

The China-ASEAN Expo （CAEXPO） has provided a platform for China’s new energy vehicles to enter ASEAN countries. Now， with the entry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement （RCEP）， the CAEXPO will be upgraded and expanded from serving 10 ASEAN countries and China to serving RCEP Member States. In this case， the CAEXPO is expected to provide broader development spaces for China’s new energy vehicles to “go global” and move from ASEAN to the world.

Only with demand can enterprises enter ASEAN markets

In recent years， changes have taken place in the automobile consumption of ASEAN countries： environmentally friendly， low-cost， and green energy-saving vehicles continues to grow in popularity. They are becoming the second-best-selling vehicles in Thailand， Indonesia and Malaysia， the main automobile consumption countries of ASEAN. This also brings new opportunities for China-ASEAN cooperation.

It is worth noting that EVs in ASEAN countries are in their infancy and have great market potential. At present， ASEAN countries are accelerating the development of the industry. Thailand and Indonesia have put forward a timetable for banning the sale of fossil fuel vehicles and launched a series of supporting policies and measures for the development of EVs.

According to Huang Yonghe， a senior expert of China Automotive Technology & Research Center， as a country with the largest sales of EVs in ASEAN， the Thai government hopes to attract more foreign investment in the industry and build Thailand into an EV center of ASEAN， and plans to sell only EVs in the market by 2035. The Indonesian government has issued preferential financial and tax policies for EVs and made it clear that all vehicles sold? EVs by 2050.

China coincides with ASEAN countries in the development of new energy vehicles. Since China put forward the goal of developing new energy vehicles in 2012， it has successively introduced a series of policies and measures， such as financial subsidies， right-of-way priority， and opening license plate application channels for EVs.

Aiming at the development prospect of new energy vehicles， Chinese auto enterprises have made layout and carried out a number of cooperation in ASEAN countries. In 2019， SAIC’s Thai sales company and large Thai energy companies started cooperation on construction of EV charging networks and accelerated the development of charging facilities in Thailand. In June 2021， Great Wall Motors’ plants in Thailand were officially put into operation and the first Harvard H6 HEV （hybrid electric vehicle） was sold offline. In September 2021， Neta Auto released the Neta V， a right-hand drive version for the overseas market and officially announced that it would go to Thailand， entering the new energy vehicle market of ASEAN countries. It is not only the first vehicle manufacturing company to export right-hand drive cars but also will carry out charging businesses simultaneously to meet the needs of ASEAN users in all scenes.

Only with platforms can enterprises open the market

Over the years， China and ASEAN have carried out all-round cooperation and exchanges and promote regional development under the CAEXPO. It is an important window for good Chinese enterprises to enter ASEAN and go global. With the CAEXPO， China’s new energy vehicle enterprises display cars of various kinds and become a highlight in the CAEXPO.

At the 16th CAEXPO， many EVs were orderly arranged to display. Among them， Guigang City of Guangxi exhibited 46 types of new energy vehicles and electric vehicles， including 6 SUV and coupes， 4 logistics vehicles， 1 bus， school bus and sightseeing bus respectively， 5 new energy tricycles， and 28 new energy two-wheeled vehicles.

SAIC GM Wuling firstly participated in the 18th CAEXPO in the form of “head company + direct sale stores” and brought to the public the Hongguang Mini EV， a small-sized new energy vehicle popular among people and Kiwi EV which features the sense of future. The auto company hoped to further publicize its new energy vehicle models to ASEAN countries and all sectors of society through the CAEXPO.

In addition， Neta Auto made its presence at the 18th CAEXPO with three vehicle models， namely Neta U Pro， Neta S， and Neta V， under the theme of “Develop Smart New Energy for A New Future Featuring Low-carbon Emission”. Jiang Feng， Assistant of Neta CEO and Head of the marketing company of Neta， said， “At present， ASEAN has strong demand for auto products. Great potential exists in auto export trade. With the 18th CAEXPO， we can step forward into the ASEAN market.”

In addition to setting up exhibitions at the CAEXPO， holding forums have also become an important form to promote China-ASEAN cooperation in new energy vehicles. Under the framework of the 18th CAEXPO， the China-ASEAN （Guigang） New Energy Electric Vehicle Industry Innovation and Development Summit was held for the first time. Authorities， experts， scholars and entrepreneurs from the sector gathered to share the cutting-edge technology as well as domestic and foreign innovative practices. They brought the most advanced concepts to accelerate the development of new energy vehicle industry in China-ASEAN region and contribute to the growth of the production base.

Only with new opportunities can enterprises welcome new development

One cannot deny the achievements made in China’s new energy vehicles， but there is still a certain gap with the international advanced level in some cutting-edge technologies. The new energy vehicle technology of Japan and other developed countries in RCEP region deserves attention. With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles and the gradual expansion of the market， as a new energy vehicle enterprise， it is necessary to constantly update and fix the existing problems of new energy vehicles， such as too short mileage and uneven distribution of charging station resources， which leaves a broad space for further cooperation in the regional market.

In addition， in terms of the current situation， the most noteworthy is the entry into force of RCEP， which makes the CAEXPO expand from serving 10 ASEAN countries and China to serving RCEP Member States to achieve quality improvement and upgradation. The 19th CAEXPO will focus on better serving RCEP， expanding the scope of investment promotion to RCEP， and actively exploring new channels to invite enterprises from RCEP Member States. All these will bring unprecedented new opportunities for China-ASEAN cooperation in new energy vehicles. “To seize opportunities brought by RCEP’s entry into force， we need to make full use of tax and preferential policies， understand ASEAN markets， and launch differentiated advantageous products. New energy vehicles are one of the keys，” said Huang Yonghe.

From exchanging views in technology， and researching and analyzing markets， to exhibiting products and carrying out marketing， all these show that with the entry into force of RCEP， a CAEXPO expanding the service scope to RCEP will provide the region with a new stage for cooperation in new energy vehicles.

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