“機(jī)車棚”圖書館，蒂爾堡，荷蘭

思維可建筑事務(wù)所

客戶：蒂爾堡市政府

主持建筑師：思維可建筑事務(wù)所

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：思維可建筑事務(wù)所；布拉克斯馬及魯斯建筑事務(wù)所；內(nèi)外

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人：Ingrid van der Heijden

團(tuán)隊(duì)成員：思維可 | Gert Kwekkeboom,Jan Lebbink,Rick ten Doeschate,Ingrid van der Heijden,Angela Solis,Fernanda Roneu,Niels Boswinkel,Marco Alves;

布拉克斯馬及魯斯 | Job Roos,Olivier Graeve,Lucia van der Horst,Emiel van Boxtel;內(nèi)外 | Petra Blaisse,Aura Luz,Jana Crepon,Peter Niessen,Laura van Santen,Chantal Vos,Nafsika Efklidou,Carmen Buitenhuis,Desiree Pierluigi

合作：Textielmuseum,Levtec,Gerriets Gmbh,Donkergroen,Mecanoo

咨詢：Stevens van Dijck Bouwmanagers & Adviseurs,VDNDP structural engineers,ABT Wassenaar,F.Wiggers Ingenieursbureau,SOM,Linneman,Zaanen Spanjers Architecten,Octatube

Client:Municipality of Tilburg

Principal Architects:Civic Architects

Design Team:Civic Architects,Braaksma & Roos Architectenbureau,Inside Outside

Principal-In-Charge:Ingrid van der Heijden

Project Members:Civic | Gert Kwekkeboom,Jan Lebbink,Rick ten Doeschate,Ingrid van der Heijden,Angela Solis,Fernanda Roneu,Niels Boswinkel,Marco Alves;Braaksma& Roos | Job Roos,Olivier Graeve,Lucia van der Horst,Emiel van Boxtel;Inside Outside | Petra Blaisse,Aura Luz,Jana Crepon,Peter Niessen,Laura van Santen,Chantal Vos,Nafsika Efklidou,Carmen Buitenhuis,Desiree Pierluigi

Collaborators:Textielmuseum,Levtec,

復(fù)興集體歷史

20 世紀(jì)初，荷蘭鐵路公司在工業(yè)后期之城——蒂爾堡——的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了重要作用。這座大型的廠區(qū)雇用了眾多居民，在定義城市形象方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用，因此該市至今仍被視為荷蘭的“勞動(dòng)”之都。直至2011 年的最后幾個(gè)工作小時(shí)前，此處一直對外封閉，而關(guān)于這龐大的火車工程、機(jī)器、聲音與氣味等故事已在家家戶戶流傳了數(shù)代。主廠房名為“機(jī)車棚”，是演繹這段歷史的標(biāo)志性建筑。

在將空置的大樓改建成公共圖書館這一最為慷慨的公共建筑類型，又賦予了工作空間的功能后，它再次為更廣泛的大眾和子孫后代娓娓道來其“鋼鐵與汗水”的故事。那曾定義了這座城市及其人民的廠區(qū)現(xiàn)以一種新的形式變?yōu)楣采畹暮诵?，也再次從城市的根源定義了其下一個(gè)時(shí)代的發(fā)展。

有頂棚的公共廣場

自第一座科學(xué)圖書館建成以來，公共圖書館便一直在不斷地發(fā)展。它們是教育民眾及掃盲的民主工具，是發(fā)表意見和公共辯論的場所，也是休閑與藝術(shù)表達(dá)的舞臺(tái)。在數(shù)字化和全球信息交流的今天，此類圖書館需要有全新的定義，而不僅僅限于新媒體的引入或一處公共聚集場所等定義。為了滿足這一需求，“機(jī)車棚”圖書館引入了一系列主題實(shí)驗(yàn)室，旨在通過活動(dòng)與指導(dǎo)來發(fā)展知識(shí)和技能。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)室將圖書館從一個(gè)靈感和信息之所轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐惶幚斫馀c創(chuàng)造之地。

與此同時(shí)，靈活的工作空間在數(shù)字社會(huì)中飛速發(fā)展。在這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)環(huán)境里，任何地方都可以進(jìn)行工作，而全球互動(dòng)與多學(xué)科合作則是關(guān)鍵，環(huán)境意識(shí)將人們引向臨時(shí)的共享空間。

Reviving Collective History

The Dutch Railway company has been of great importance in the growth of the lateindustrial city of Tilburg at the beginning of the 20th century.This large workshop area has been employing many inhabitants,and had a crucial role in defining the city's profile,which is still known as a "labour" city within the Netherlands.The area has been hermetically closed for public until the last hours of operations in 2011,and stories about the great train works,the machines,the sounds,and the smell have been circulating through families for generations.The main workshop building,named the LocHal,is the emblematic icon that represents this history.

By converting the vacant structure into a public library,the most generous type of public building,and at the same time creating space to work,its story of "steel and sweat" is brought back again to the greater public and future generations.That which has defined the city and its people has now become the heart of public life in a new form,and can once again define the development of the city in the next era,built from its roots.

A Roofed Public Square

Public libraries have been subject to evolution since the first scientific libraries have been founded.They have been functioning as a democratic instrument to educate the people and fight illiteracy,a place for opinion and public debate,for leisure and for artistic expression.In the age of digitisation and global information exchange,new definitions are needed,which go beyond the introduction of new media and the fact that a library is a public place for gathering.LocHal library answers to this need by introducing a set of themed laboratories for developing knowledge and skills through activities and guidance.These labs transform the library from a place for inspiration and information to a place for comprehension and creation.

1 原有的機(jī)車棚已被擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)海灣，為公眾提供了一個(gè)寬敞的入口 The former locomotive shed has been extended with one bay,to offer a generous entrance to the public

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)：Arup

結(jié)構(gòu)工程師：Mathew Vola,Rob Verhaegh,Sander Hofman

總承建：Binx Smartility

結(jié)構(gòu)和施工工藝咨詢：F.Wiggers Ingenieursbureau

結(jié)構(gòu)體系：梁柱體系，帶異形鋼板的復(fù)合板

材料：鋼材

場地面積：5325m2

總建筑面積：10,955m2

建筑使用面積：9231m2

建筑高度：18.85m

造價(jià)：19,900,000 EUR

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間：2015-2018

施工時(shí)間：2017-2019

繪圖：思維可建筑事務(wù)所

攝影：Stijn Bollaert

Gerriets Gmbh,Donkergroen,Mecanoo

Consultants:Stevens van Dijck Bouwmanagers & Adviseurs,VDNDP structural engineers,ABT Wassenaar,F.Wiggers Ingenieursbureau,SOM,Linneman,Zaanen Spanjers Architecten,Octatube.

Structural Design:Arup

Structural Engineers:Mathew Vola,Rob Verhaegh,Sander Hofman

General Contractor:Binx Smartility Structural and Construction Consultant:F.Wiggers Ingenieursbureau

Structural System:Columns,beams,composite slab with profiled steel sheeting

Material:steel

Site Area:5325 m2

Total Floor Area:10,955 m2

Net Floor Area:9231 m2

Height:18.85 m

Building Cost:19,900,000 EUR

Design Period:2015-2018

Construction Period:2017-2019

Drawings:Civic Architects

Photos:Stijn Bollaert

拯救這座歷史建筑并將其列為紀(jì)念碑，再邀請4 家企業(yè)共同創(chuàng)建一座用于交流與學(xué)習(xí)的開放式文化社交中心（以“中央圖書館”為主導(dǎo)）——這些不僅是蒂爾堡市的一項(xiàng)重要決定，市政府與未來用戶也參與其中。大家共同選定了一支建筑團(tuán)隊(duì)，而該團(tuán)隊(duì)把握了建筑魅力、規(guī)模和歷史意義以及其肌肉美感與優(yōu)雅的空間構(gòu)造等精髓。

建筑干預(yù)以最少的增添與調(diào)整來提高這座工業(yè)紀(jì)念館的既定品質(zhì)，盡可能地將現(xiàn)有的鋼和混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)考慮在內(nèi)。

圖書館的龐大構(gòu)造、材料、配色方案及擁抱變化的態(tài)度，讓這座復(fù)興的建筑無時(shí)無刻都在提供積極向上的氛圍，知識(shí)與想法得以隨時(shí)間的推移在里面茁壯成長。□（王單單 譯）

評審評語（1）

荷蘭蒂爾堡的新圖書館位于一個(gè)曾經(jīng)的火車棚里，其內(nèi)部空間正是以前火車軌道和其他相關(guān)功能所在的地方。除了傳統(tǒng)的圖書館設(shè)施外，這個(gè)新場所還容納了聯(lián)合辦公空間、會(huì)議室、藝術(shù)教育工作室和一個(gè)大型活動(dòng)大廳。項(xiàng)目將城市圖書館重塑為聚會(huì)與交流的空間，對圖書館意義的拓展作出了極大貢獻(xiàn)。項(xiàng)目通過改造讓原有的結(jié)構(gòu)得到了恰當(dāng)?shù)?、藝術(shù)性的再利用，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)極具價(jià)值、豐富多元的室內(nèi)公共空間。（母卓爾 譯）

評審評語（2）

該項(xiàng)目成功地將蒂爾堡市的一座建于1930 年代機(jī)車修理車間改造成城市的圖書館。通過多種服務(wù)設(shè)施的提供和巧妙的空間設(shè)計(jì)，為圖書館內(nèi)部創(chuàng)造了極具活力的混合功能區(qū)域，激發(fā)了知識(shí)、藝術(shù)、合作、休閑等多種活動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造了一種新的圖書館類型。設(shè)計(jì)充分利用了原有的結(jié)構(gòu)及空間特征及外部環(huán)境的景觀，根據(jù)人流動(dòng)線通過樓梯安排不同的功能空間，利用極具秩序感的夸張的扁柱將不同高度空間整合起來。即體現(xiàn)了工業(yè)建筑原有的粗獷簡潔的氛圍，又創(chuàng)造了由多重空間組成的整體感。

2 橫剖面Cross section

At the same time,the flexible work space has sky-rocketed in a digital society where work can be done anywhere,where (global) interaction and multi-disciplinary collaboration is key,and where environmental consciousness steers people towards temporary,shared spaces.

It was not only an important decision of the city of Tilburg to save this historic building,to declare it a monument and to then invite four different enterprises to,together,create an open,cultural,social hub for exchange and learning–with the Central Library as main occupant;as important was the fact that the municipality,together with the future users,decided for an architecture team that caught the essence of the building's charm,scale and historic meaning,of its muscular beauty and elegant spatial composition.

The architectural intervention exacerbates the given qualities of this industrial monument with a minimum of additions and adjustments,turning the existing steel and concrete structures to account wherever possible.

Thanks to its generous composition,materiality,colour scheme and openness for change wherever and whenever needed,this revived building offers an upbeat atmosphere wherein knowledge and ideas can thrive through time.□

Jury Statement (1)

Tilburg's new library inhabits a former train shed occupying the space where the train tracks used to be with a variety of uses.Traditional library facilities apart,this new venue also includes co-working spaces,conference rooms,arts education studios and a large hall for events.

The project considerably contributes to the reinvention of the urban library as a meeting and communication space in its broadest sense.The conversion makes beautiful and appropriate use of the existing structure and generates a highly valuable indoor public space of great generosity and variety.

3 首層平面Ground floor plan

4 二層平面First floor plan

Jury Statement (2)

This project successfully converted a 1930s locomotive shed in Tilburg into an urban library.With diverse service facilities and ingenious spatial design,dynamic multifunctional areas were created inside the library,which allowed knowledge,art,cooperation,and leisure activities and so forth to take place,contributing to a new type of library.The design made the utmost of the original structure,the features of the space and the surrounding landscape.According to the traffic flow,it created different functional spaces through stairs,and employed orderly yet exaggerated flat columns to integrate the spaces in various heights.This not only reflected the original rough and simple atmosphere of the industrial building,but also brought a sense of wholeness that was composed by the multiple spaces.(Translated by Dandan Wang)

5 縱剖面Longitudinal section

6.7 新增加的部分作為展覽空間，可以看到 城市的景色，在首層形成一個(gè)工業(yè)門廊A new addition serves as an exhibition space with a view on the city and on the ground floor forms an industrial portico

8 4層空間干預(yù)The four layers of intervention

9 新的平臺(tái)和樓梯的位置是為了保留“機(jī)車棚”縱深上連續(xù)的視野The new platforms and stairs are positioned to preserve the continuous views over the total lenght and width of LocHal

10 在建筑物的較高處，氣氛變得更加輕松，并提供了安靜的工作和閱讀場所Higher in the building the atmosphere becomes lighter,and provides for quiet working and reading places.

11 可移動(dòng)的窗簾為工業(yè)建筑增添了柔和的色調(diào)，并過濾了進(jìn)入的光線The moveable curtains add a soft tone to the industrial building,and filter the incoming light

12 歷史上的工業(yè)材料和古銅色被保留下來，并與當(dāng)代的同類材料相輔相成The historic industrial materials and patinas are preserved,and complemented with contemporary equivalents