羅伊萊公共桑拿房，赫爾辛基，芬蘭

阿凡托建筑有限公司

客戶：Antero Vartia and Jasper P??kk?nen,Kidvekkeli Oy

主持建筑師：阿凡托建筑有限公司

設計團隊：Ville Hara,Anu Puustinen,Antti Westerlund,Hiroko Mori,Laura Nenonen,XU Xiaowen

項目負責人：Ville Hara,Anu Puustinen

合作：Interior architect Studio Joanna Laajisto

設計監(jiān)理：Qtio Oy

結構設計：Ramboll Finland Oy

結構工程師：Hans Wilkman,Teemu Nyyss?nen

施工圖設計：阿凡托建筑有限公司

顧問：Optiplan Oy

暖通設計：Evgeny Nikolski,Aleksei L?tti

電氣設計：Jari Muunoja

總承建：Rakennustoimisto Jussit Oy

結構和施工工藝咨詢：海上結構：Ramboll Finland Oy | Juha K?rkk?inen

鋼結構設計：SS-Teracon Oy | Reijo Kyt?m?ki,Ville Korkiam?ki

Client:Antero Vartia and Jasper P??kk?nen,Kidvekkeli Oy

Principal Architects:Avanto Architects Ltd

Design Team:Ville Hara,Anu Puustinen,Antti Westerlund,Hiroko Mori,Laura Nenonen,Xiaowen Xu

Principal-In-Charge:Ville Hara,Anu Puustinen

Collaborators:Interior architect Studio Joanna Laajisto

Supervisor:Qtio Oy

Structural Design:Ramboll Finland Oy Structural Engineers:Hans Wilkman,Teemu Nyyss?nen AoR:Avanto Architects Ltd

Consultant:Optiplan Oy

HVAC Design:Evgeny Nikolski,Aleksei L?tti

Electric Design:Jari Muunoja

該項目始于2009 年的赫爾辛基倡議。赫內薩里以前是海濱工業(yè)區(qū)，現(xiàn)在正逐漸向居民區(qū)發(fā)展。這里有個港口，該區(qū)域的新功能亟待開發(fā)，城市希望用新的功能激活該地區(qū)，并為游客提供富有吸引力的新景點。

項目所在場地是獨一無二的。它距離市中心不到2km，在非常城市化的同時可以看到廣闊的大海，就像身在外群島一樣。場地位于未來的海岸公園區(qū)，將成為“赫爾辛基公園”的一部分，場地一直沿著海岸延伸，連接起首都和海洋。為避免割裂狹長的公園區(qū)，我們把建筑設計成了纖細扁長的體量，并盡量保持低平，這樣就不會阻擋未來住宅區(qū)的視野。桑拿房沒有按照常規(guī)建筑建造，而是一個便于進入的、有切割面的人工地塊，與傳統(tǒng)建筑相比，它更像是公園的一部分?，F(xiàn)在這座木質建筑現(xiàn)已經(jīng)變成了灰色，更像海岸線上的一塊巖石。

建筑理念很簡單：一個包含桑拿房的長方體，披著一件形狀自由的木“斗篷”。經(jīng)過熱處理的、松木制成的切面結構并不是單純的裝飾，還具有多種功能。它為人們提供了視覺私密性。然而，這個板層并不影響人們從室內看海，相反，它們就像活動的百葉窗，阻擋了從外向內看的視線。在桑拿區(qū)和斗篷之間，是個受遮蔽的外部空間，桑拿的過程中人們可以在這兒涼快一下。這個結構保護著建筑免受沿海惡劣氣候的影響。內部空間采用大面積玻璃遮陽，有助于減少給建筑降溫的能源消耗。此外，階梯式的斗篷形成了可以爬上屋頂?shù)呐_階，屋頂是可以遠望的露臺。

The project started from the City of Helsinki Initiative in 2009.Hernesaari is a former industrial area on the seashore that is now being developed into a residential area.New uses are being developed for the area,while waiting for future changes to come.There is a cruise ship harbour in Hernesaari and the city wanted to activate the area with new functions and to serve visitors with new attractions.

The site is unique.Being less than two kilometres away from the city centre,it is central but at the same time you have views to the open sea like in the outer archipelago.The plot is situated in a future coastal park that will be part of a broader "Helsinki Park" that continuously follows the sea shore and connects the capital city to the sea.The building was designed to be slim and elongated so as not to cut the narrow park strip.The volume is kept as low as possible so that it doesn't block views from the future residential blocks.Instead of building a conventional building,the sauna is developed into an easygoing,faceted artificial terrain that is more part of the park than a conventional building.Now that the wooden building has turned gray,it has become more like a rock on the shoreline.

The architectural idea is simple:there is a rectangular box containing the warm spaces that is covered with a free form wooden "cloak".Instead of being mere decoration,the sculptural structure made of heat treated pine has several functions.It provides people with visual privacy.However,the lamellas don't limit the sea view from the inside,rather they function like venetian blinds and blocking the views from the outside.There are sheltered outdoor spaces between the warm mass and cloak to cool down in between sauna bathing.The structure protects the building from the harsh coastal climate.It shades the interior spaces with big glass surfaces and helps to reduce the use of energy to cool the building.Moreover,the stepped cloak forms stairs to climb on to the roof and look out terraces on top of the building.

1 鳥瞰Aerial view

2 遠景View from far away

玻璃結構：Lasifakta Oy | Tahvo Sutela結構體系：混合結構，外墻為輕質木框架，“斗篷”為鋼結構，覆蓋著桑拿室，潮濕的室內為就地成型的混凝土隔斷

材料：覆蓋桑拿室和露臺區(qū)域的“斗篷”由熱處理的松木制成

場地面積：3027m2

建筑面積：1071m2（不包括外表皮覆蓋的空間）

層高：3.0m

使用用途：公共桑拿，餐廳

建筑長度：74m

建筑高度：8,4m

造價：～6M EUR

設計時間：2011-2016

施工時間：2015-2016

繪圖：阿凡托建筑有限公司

攝影：kuvio.com

General Contractor:Rakennustoimisto Jussit Oy Structural and Construction

Consultants:

Marine Structures:Ramboll Finland Oy | Juha K?rkk?inen

Steel Structural Design:SS-Teracon Oy | Reijo Kyt?m?ki,Ville Korkiam?ki

Glass Structures:Lasifakta Oy | Tahvo

Sutela Structural System:Mixed,wooden balloon frame in exterior walls,steel structure in the "cloak" covering the warm structure,in situ cast and concrete element partitions in wet spaces

Material:"The cloak" covering the warm spaces and terrace areas are of heat treated pine

Site Area:3027 m2

Floor Area:1071 m2 (without covered space under the cloak)

Floor Height:3 m

Function:Public sauna and a restaurant

Length:74 m

Height:8.4 m

Cost:～6M EUR

Design Period:2011-2016

Construction Period:2015-2016

Drawings:Avanto Arcitects Ltd

Photos:kuvio.com

盡管這是私人投資的項目，大面積的露臺區(qū)域也是對所有人開放的，你可以爬上屋頂眺望臺，欣賞海景。讓我們感到自豪的是，這座小小的公共建筑能夠將赫爾辛基公園一直延伸到赫內薩里，改變了先前的區(qū)域形象，成為新的城市熱點。這座建筑很快就獲得了成功，并已成為該城市的主要景點之一。這就是建筑的奇妙之處：即使是小規(guī)模的干預，也可以實現(xiàn)整個社區(qū)的升級，并為未來的建筑項目設定更高的標準。因此，單體建筑項目的效果是顯著的，并由此輻射到周圍的環(huán)境：現(xiàn)在，他們正在拆除舊的工業(yè)建筑，為未來的建設騰出空間。夏季的臨時酒吧和俱樂部已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，為經(jīng)常被忽視的年輕一代提供活動場所。

建筑由兩部分組成：公共桑拿房和餐廳。公共空間面朝大海，從這里可以看到市中心的景色，甚至可以看到遠海。這里氣氛靜謐，光線柔和。我們將不同的區(qū)域設想為空間中的空間。男女更衣室和淋浴間各自分開。傳統(tǒng)上，男人和女人分開洗澡，而我們想發(fā)展的桑拿文化是，讓你有和你的朋友們一起洗澡的可能性，而不是說洗澡只按照性別劃分。這使得那些需要穿泳衣洗澡的外國游客也可以體驗桑拿?！酰ㄌ炷?譯）

評審評語

海濱公共桑拿房是一處既有趣又有意義的場所。一方面，它的功能有些特別，使得人們去海濱帶有目的性和體驗感；另一方面，即使沒有這種目的性，它仍然會為海邊散步提供一處公共聚集的機會，有著特別的吸引力。人們可以穿梭于木構隔柵圍合的灰空間中，也可登上屋頂，遠眺大海，從而使每次出行都帶有期盼，身心愉悅。對城市而言，這座小建筑還有一個十分重要的作用，激活了城市濱水地區(qū)，帶動了該區(qū)域從工業(yè)禁地到居住社區(qū)的轉變。作為未來海岸公園的一部分，這座建筑以它獨特的魅力，拉近了市中心和大海的關系，提升了城市的活力。

Even if the project is privately funded,the large terrace areas are open to anyone and you can even climb on the roof terrace and lookout terrace to admire the sea views.We are proud that with this tiny public building we have been able to extend the Helsinki Park all the way to Hernesaari and change the image of the formerly shady area into the new hot spot of the city.The building was an instant success and has become one of the main attractions of the city.This is wonderful about architecture:with even a small-scale intervention you can achieve an upgrade for the whole neighbourhood and set the bar high for future building projects.So the effect of single building project is remarkable and radiates to the surroundings:Now that they are tearing down old industrial buildings to make space for future construction,temporary summer bars and clubs have been popping up in the area providing places to hang out for younger generation that often is forgotten.

The building consists of two parts:public saunas and a restaurant.The public spaces open up to the sea,with interesting views to the city centre and even to the open sea.The atmosphere is calm and the spaces are dimly lit.Different areas are conceived as spaces within a space.Dressing rooms and showers are separate for men and women.Traditionally men and women bath separately and naked.We wanted to develop sauna culture so that there would be a possibility to bath together with your friends not depending on the gender.This makes sauna experience available also for foreign visitors that might not be comfortable bathing without a swimming suit.□

Jury Statement

The project creates an interesting and meaningful place.Its function is somewhat specific,making visits to the seaside purposeful and experiential.Even without this purpose,it still offers a gathering place for a walk on the beach,which has a special appeal.One can walk through the grey spaces enclosed by wooden partitions or climb to the rooftop and look out over the sea,thus making each trip a pleasant one with a sense of anticipation.This small building also plays a very important role for the city,activating the urban waterfront and transforming the area from an industrial exclusion zone to a residential community.As part of the future coastal park,the building brings the city centre closer to the sea and enhances the vitality of the city with its unique charm.

3 首層平面Ground floor plan

4 剖面Section

5 走廊Lobby

6.7 桑拿室內Interior views of Sauna

8 公共空間 Public space