掌握優(yōu)美句式，提升續(xù)寫質(zhì)量

杜小蘭　楊亞欣

要提高讀后續(xù)寫的語言表達(dá)能力，僅僅強(qiáng)調(diào)詞匯和語法學(xué)習(xí)是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。我們除了掌握讀后續(xù)寫常用的一些詞語外，在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中還要注意積累一些常用句式，并晨讀背誦、默寫、仿寫，最后做到運用自如。以下是筆者積累的一句常用句子，供同學(xué)們熟讀仿寫。

一、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

結(jié)構(gòu)：with + 賓語 +補語（形容詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞）

例句：Feeling ashamed， I hugged my father with tears of regret welling in my eyes. 感到非常羞愧，我眼睛里充滿了眼淚，擁抱我的爸爸。（well u.涌出）

With his head lowered， he floated in an ocean of despair. 他垂下頭，沉浸在絕望中無法自拔。（despair n.絕望）

She quickly brought me some solid food and then led us to the back of their truck with loads of fruits in it. 她迅速給我一些固體食物，然后把我們帶到卡車后面，卡車上裝滿了水果。

二、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)

句型1：句子，分詞短語

例句：My mother told Harry off， fuming with rage. 冒著怒火，我母親把Harry訓(xùn)斥了一頓。（fume vi.發(fā)怒）

句型2：分詞短語，句子

例句：Hearing the good news， I felt a keen sense of joy which I had never experienced before. 聽到這個好消息，我感受到一種從未體驗過的極致快樂。

三、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

句型1：獨立主語+分詞，句子

例句：The Spring Festival approaching， Chinese people are occupied with various of preparation work.春節(jié)快到了，人們忙于各種各樣的春節(jié)前的準(zhǔn)備工作。

句型2：句子，獨立主語+分詞

例句：My heart ached， tears streaming down my cheeks. 我感到心痛，眼淚順著臉頰流下來。

四、As引導(dǎo)的時間和讓步狀語從句

句型1：As引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句

例句1：As she was struggling about what to wear， she spotted a red summer dress， which she wore that night in Barcelona. 當(dāng)她在掙扎著該穿什么衣服時，她看到了一條紅色的夏裙，在巴塞羅納的那個晚上，她就是穿著這條裙子。

句型2. As引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句

例句1：Filled with her favorite dishes as the menu was， yet she had no appetite for anything at all. 盡管菜單上都是她最喜歡的菜肴，但是她一點胃口也沒有。

五、On+doing（=As soon as...） 一……就……

例句1：On seeing my parents coming back（=As soon as my parents came back）， I told them that a fox must have caught Timothy， running away. 一看到父母回來，我就告訴他們一定是一只狐貍抓走了蒂莫西，逃跑了。

六、非限制性定語從句

句型：主句，which /who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

例句：Even after so many years， the sight of my fathers back is still deeply engraved（刻）in my mind， which always reminds me that honesty is what I can never give up. 即使過了很多年，我爸爸的背影依然刻在我的腦海里，這讓我覺得誠實是我永遠(yuǎn)不能放棄的東西。

七、倒裝句

句型1：so +adj. /adv. 位于句首的部分倒裝句

例句：So ashamed was he that he could feel the blood rush to his face. 他感到如此慚愧以致到滿臉通紅。

句型2：否定詞開頭的部分倒裝句

例句：Never had I felt so frightened that I held my breath， with my mind blank. 我從來沒有如此恐懼，以致于我屏住呼吸了，頭腦一片空白。

句型3：only +狀語開頭的部分倒裝句

例句：Only then did Jack realize that Mark was teaching him an important lesson in a gentle and wise way.直到那時，Jack才意識到Mark正以一種溫柔睿智的方式教給他人生的重要一課。

句型4：not only ... but also ... 連接兩個句子時，前句的部分倒裝

例句：Not only can I obtain more information about traditional culture but also have a better understanding of our country through the courses. 通過這些課程，我不僅能獲得更多傳統(tǒng)文化信息，也能更好地了解我們的國家。

句型5：地點狀語置于句首時的部分倒裝

例句：Inside the grand building was an exhibition of the most advanced technology of the 21st century. 這棟高大的建筑物里展出了21世紀(jì)的最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)。

八、強(qiáng)調(diào)句

句型：It is /was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that + 句子的其余部分

例句1：It was then that I realized how disappointed my mother was at our behaviour. 正是在那時候，我才意識到媽媽對我們是多么的失望。

例句2：It was because of her inspiration that he determined to spare no efforts to study hard and become a respectable and considerate teacher like Mark. 正是因為她的鼓勵，他才下決心竭盡全力學(xué)習(xí)，努力成為一名像Mark一樣受人尊重，細(xì)心體貼的好老師。

仿寫

請根據(jù)漢語提示，運用上述句型寫出相應(yīng)的英語表達(dá)。

一、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

1. 呼吸中透出沮喪和害怕，冰冷的水像針一樣穿透我的皮膚，我迫不接待地想自己爬出寒冷的冰窟。

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二、非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)

2. 看見Mark把手伸進(jìn)每一個人的口袋里，失望和恐慌像洶涌的海浪般拍打Jack的臉頰。

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3. 聽到這個消息，她悲傷得失去知覺，不能開口說話。

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三、With伴隨結(jié)構(gòu)

4. 雙眼全是淚水，我啟動車，我想我將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記這次援助，將來一定盡力幫助有需要救助的人。

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四、As引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。

5. 當(dāng)她猜想時，心里布滿了某種震驚和失望。

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五、On+doing句式

6. 聽到這首曲子，他情緒高昂，好像站在世界之巔。

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六、非限制性定語從句

7. 他幾乎不受控制地走向這位穿著淺綠色套裝，衣服上嵌著玫瑰的女士。

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七、倒裝句

8. 盡管很累，但因為所有辛勤的勞動都得到了回報，所以我們感到很快樂。

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9. 令我驚訝的是，袋子里裝著我剛才給那位母親的20美元。

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八、強(qiáng)調(diào)句

10. 有時候正是小小的善舉，給別人帶來巨大的影響，讓這個世界更美好。

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11. 正是這個年輕女孩精彩的表演博得了滿堂喝彩。

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12. 正是這個池塘使我意識到有時候我們應(yīng)該第一時間向他人說“不”。

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參考答案

1. Dismay and scare beat me out of breath， icy water pierced my skin with needle-like chill， I was anxious to climb out by myself.（dismay氣餒; pierce穿透;chill寒冷）

2. Spotting Mark reached his hand to everyones pocket， despair and panic swept through Jack like a fierce wave.

3. Upon hearing the bad news， she， numb with grief， had difficulty in speaking.（numb失去知覺的;grief悲傷）

4. With tears in my eyes， I started a car， thinking that I would never forget such an aid and determined to offer a hand to whoever needed help in the future.

5. As she imagined， some kind of shock and disappointment spread through her heart.

6. On hearing the song， he was in high spirits， and felt like being on the top of the world.

7. Almost uncontrollably he made his way to the woman， who was wearing a rose in her pale green suit.

8. Tired as we were， we felt delighted as all the hard work paid off.

9. To my surprise， inside the bag was the $20 bill I gave to the mother just now.

10. Sometimes， it is even a small act of kindness that can make a great difference to others， which makes the world better.

11. It was the young girls wonderful performance that brought the house down.

12. It was the pond that made me understand at times we should say“NO”to others in the first place.

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青