必修4第3單元同步詞匯精講

高雅丹

1. particular adj. 特殊的;特別的;挑剔的

【經(jīng)典例句】

I have nothing particular to do this evening， so let's go out for a walk. 今晚我沒有什么特別的事要做，咱們出去散散步吧！

She loves the song in particular， because her mother used to sing it. 她特別喜歡這首歌，因?yàn)樗龐寢屵^去常常唱。

He is very particular about food while he doesn't care about money. 他對吃的東西特別挑剔，然而不在乎金錢。

【思維拓展】

be particular about / over sth. 對……講究/挑剔;be particular to do sth. 特地做某事;be particular to 是……特有的;from the particular to the universal 從特殊到普遍;in particular=particularly尤其;特別;格外

【易混辨析】

particular， especial與special的區(qū)別：

particular“特別的，特殊的，挑剔的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)與眾不同的;

especial“特別的，主要的，突出的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊的意義或重要性，有“優(yōu)越，好感”之意;

special“專門的，特殊的，特別的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是事物特有的性質(zhì)、性格或?qū)ｉT的目的、用途。

2. convince vt. 使確信;使信服

【經(jīng)典例句】

You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他們相信你殷切希望得到這份工作。

I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直勸他去看病。

I am convinced that sooner or later we will succeed. 我確信我們遲早會成功的。

You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work. 你需要讓你的面試官相信你有駕馭這份工作的能力。

【思維拓展】

convincing adj. 令人信服的;有說服力的;convinced adj. 感到信服的;相信的; convince sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事;convince sb. of sth. / that使某人相信……;be convinced of / that... 確信;堅(jiān)信

【易混辨析】

convince與persuade的區(qū)別：

convince是通過擺事實(shí)、講道理，使人信服，后面常接sb. of sth. / that從句;

persuade是指用勸說的方式說服某人，使其愿意采納意見或采取行動，后面常接sb. to do / into doing sth. / that從句。

3. content adj. 滿意的，滿足的 n. 滿足;內(nèi)容;目錄 vt. 使?jié)M足

【經(jīng)典例句】

John contented himself with one glass of wine. 約翰喝上一杯酒就心滿意足了。

She is quite content to stay at home looking after her children. 她呆在家里照顧孩子們感到非常知足。

I finally understood the content of her speech. 我終于理解了她演講的內(nèi)容。

【思維拓展】

be / feel content with=be / feel satisfied / pleased with 對……感到滿意;be content that滿意……;be content to do sth.=be willing to do sth.=be ready to do sth. 愿意做某事;content sb. / oneself with sth. 使某人滿足于某事;with content 滿足地;to one's heart's content 盡情地，心滿意足地

【易混辨析】

content， contented與satisfied的區(qū)別：

content與contented意思接近，指“雖然各種愿望沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)，但人應(yīng)安于現(xiàn)狀，不再多求”;

content一般作表語，而contented一般作定語;

satisfied指“愿望、渴望或需求都得到了滿足，因而心滿意足了”。

【溫馨提示】

content作形容詞，通常作表語、后置定語或狀語;作前置定語時(shí)要用contented，如a contented expression 滿足的表情;在充當(dāng)表語表示“非常滿意”時(shí)，用be well content，而不能用be very content。

4. entertain v. 使歡樂;款待

【經(jīng)典例句】

I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home. 我喜歡在家里用音樂和茶點(diǎn)招待朋友。

He kindly entertained me to dinner. 我擾了他一頓飯。

The child entertained himself with his building blocks. 孩子在搭積木玩。

【思維拓展】

be entertained at / by 對……感到高興;entertain sb. with sth. / by doing sth. 用某物/通過做某事使某人快樂;entertain sb. to sth. 招待某人吃……;entertain oneself 自娛自樂;entertain sb. with sth.=sb. be entertained with sth. 用……使某人快樂;entertain sb. as... 把某人當(dāng)……招待;find entertainment in 以……為樂;give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人;give a farewell entertainment to sb. 為某人舉行歡送會

5. pick out挑出;辨別出

【經(jīng)典例句】

She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job. 她從大批的求職者當(dāng)中被選出來擔(dān)任這個(gè)職位。

See if you can pick me out in this photo. 看你能不能把我從這張照片中認(rèn)出來。

I have picked out the bad potatoes from the basket. 我已從籃子里把爛土豆揀出來了。

【思維拓展】

pick up 拾起;接收;通過實(shí)踐學(xué)會;（用車）接;pick up with sb. 結(jié)識某人;pick and choose挑三揀四;pick off 摘掉;摘下來;pick oneself up 跌倒后站起來;pick out sb. / sth. from 從……中挑出;pick one's pocket 扒竊;掏包;pick... apart 把……撕成碎片;拆散;pick a fight / quarrel with sb. 找碴兒;找麻煩

【易混辨析】

choose， select， elect與pick out的區(qū)別：

choose是最普通的用語，側(cè)重于憑個(gè)人的意志或判斷力在一些人、物或行為方式中選出一個(gè);

select指在同類的許多東西中，進(jìn)行有斟酌的精選，強(qiáng)調(diào)以客觀為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行選擇，側(cè)重于從許多同類事物中進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)的挑剔態(tài)度;

elect多指選舉或用其他方法推選人，有時(shí)也指“決定（做某事，尤指做出某種選擇）”，這種選擇通常指通過深思細(xì)想做出的選擇;

pick out指從個(gè)人角度考慮，在眾多選項(xiàng)中進(jìn)行挑選，通常用于不需要認(rèn)真權(quán)衡，只需對比就能做出決定的場合。

6. badly off 貧困的;境況不好的;缺少的

【經(jīng)典例句】

The school was then badly off for teachers. 當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)校缺老師。

We are too badly off to have a holiday. 我們太窮，沒有錢度假。

The school is rather badly off for equipment. 學(xué)校相當(dāng)缺乏設(shè)備。

【思維拓展】

be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不夠;be well off有錢的，富裕的;be well off for sth. 某方面是充裕的;be worse off 情況更糟，惡化;better off 情況較好;go from bad to worse （指不如意的境況等）越來越壞，每況愈下;put sb. to the worse 打敗某人;worse and worse越來越壞，每況愈下;for better or （for） worse 不論好壞;不管怎么樣

7. cut off 切斷;斷絕

【經(jīng)典例句】

He cut himself off from all human contact. 他斷絕了與所有人的聯(lián)系。

He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was cut off from the outside world. 他在醫(yī)院待了六個(gè)月，感覺就像已經(jīng)與外面世界隔絕了一樣。

The television show was cut off by a special news report. 電視劇被特別新聞節(jié)目打斷了。

In the accident， the workman had his finger cut off by the machine he was operating. 在這場事故中，這個(gè)工人被他操作的機(jī)器切斷了手指。

【思維拓展】

cut through 鑿穿;從……穿過;cut across 抄近路穿過;對直穿過;cut away 切掉;剪掉;逃走;cut down 砍倒;削減，縮短;cut in 插嘴;突然插入;cut into halves / pieces切成兩半/切碎;cut up 切碎;切掉;cut out 剪除;刪除

8. at a time 每次;一次

【經(jīng)典例句】

The boats remain at sea for an average of ten days at a time. 這些船只每次在海上平均航行10天。

Only one person at a time is allowed to get on the horse. 一次只準(zhǔn)一個(gè)人騎到馬上去。

Can I borrow two books at a time？ 我可以一次借兩本書嗎？

【思維拓展】

at all times 始終，隨時(shí);at one time 曾經(jīng)，一度;in no time 馬上;一會兒;on time 按時(shí);in time 及時(shí);once upon a time 從前;at the same time 與此同時(shí);at no time 決不;在任何時(shí)候都不