集束化預(yù)防策略在預(yù)防新生兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎的研究

林福忠 嚴(yán)爭(zhēng) 王健 危夷

[摘要] 目的 探討集束化預(yù)防策略在預(yù)防新生兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎的作用。方法 便利選擇2017年6月—2019年5月行機(jī)械通氣的新生兒120例，采用數(shù)字法分為對(duì)照組和觀察組各60例。對(duì)照組接受常規(guī)護(hù)理，觀察組在常規(guī)護(hù)理的基礎(chǔ)之上接受集束化預(yù)防策略護(hù)理。比較兩組患兒護(hù)理后的兩組患兒護(hù)理后機(jī)械通氣時(shí)間、NICU住院時(shí)間比較、呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎發(fā)生率。 結(jié)果 治療后觀察組患兒的機(jī)械通氣時(shí)間為﹙92.64±15.23﹚h，NICU住院時(shí)間為﹙12.06±2.35﹚d均低于對(duì)照組患兒的機(jī)械通氣時(shí)間﹙102.37±23.67﹚h、NICU住院時(shí)間﹙14.28±2.17﹚d（t=8.371、6.548，P<0.05）。觀察組患兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎發(fā)生2例、發(fā)生率3.33%，低于對(duì)照組患兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎發(fā)生9例、發(fā)生率15.00%（t=5.031，P<0.05）。 結(jié)論 集束化預(yù)防策略在預(yù)防新生兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎的治療中能夠減少患兒機(jī)械通氣時(shí)間和住院時(shí)間，有效降低了新生兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎的發(fā)生率。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 集束化預(yù)防;新生兒;呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎

[中圖分類號(hào)] R5? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742（2020）01（b）-0076-03

Study on Prevention of Neonatal Ventilator-associated Pneumonia by Clustering Prevention Strategy

LIN Fu-zhong， YAN Zheng， WANG Jian， WEI Yi

Department of Pediatrics， Fuzhou First Hospital， Fuzhou， Fujian Province， 350009 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the role of clustering prevention strategy in preventing neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia. Methods A total of 120 neonates who underwent mechanical ventilation convenient from June 2017 to May 2019 were enrolled in the control group and the observation group. The control group received routine care and the observation group received clustering prevention strategy care based on routine care. The postoperative nursing time， NICU hospitalization time， and ventilator-associated pneumonia were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment， the mechanical ventilation time of the observation group was ﹙92.64±15.23﹚h， and the NICU hospitalization time was ﹙12.06±2.35﹚d， which was lower than the mechanical ventilation time of the control group ﹙102.37±23.67﹚h， and the NICU hospitalization time was ﹙14.28±2.17﹚d（t=8.371， 6.548， P<0.05）. There were 2 cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the observation group， the incidence rate was 3.33%， 9 cases were lower than the control group， and the incidence rate was 15.00% （t=5.031， P<0.05）. Conclusion The clustering prevention strategy can reduce the mechanical ventilation time and hospitalization time in the treatment of neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia， and effectively reduce the incidence of neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia.

[Key words] Clustering prevention; Newborn; Ventilator-associated pneumonia

呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎是指患者在使用機(jī)械通氣的48 h后或者拔管的48 h內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的肺炎，是機(jī)械通氣中嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥之一，致死率高達(dá)51.36%[1]。醫(yī)源性因素是引發(fā)新生兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎的重要致病因素，所以預(yù)防護(hù)理能夠起到良好的預(yù)防效果。因此，該文2017年6月—2019年5月收治的行機(jī)械通氣的新生兒120例作為研究對(duì)象，探討集束化預(yù)防策略在預(yù)防新生兒呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎的作用。報(bào)道如下。