延續(xù)性心理護理對腦卒中后遺癥患者主觀幸福感及生活質(zhì)量的影響

宋惠琴　華青霞　蘇惠儀

【摘要】 目的：探討延續(xù)性心理護理對腦卒中后遺癥患者主觀幸福感及生活質(zhì)量的影響。方法：采用便利抽樣法選取2017年1月-2018年1月本院出院腦卒中后遺癥患者80例，按照隨機分組法將其分為研究組（延續(xù)性心理護理）和對照組（常規(guī)延續(xù)性護理），各40例。干預(yù)6個月后，對比兩組干預(yù)前后主觀幸福感及生活質(zhì)量。結(jié)果：干預(yù)6個月后，研究組主觀幸福感各項評分及總分均優(yōu)于對照組，生活質(zhì)量各維度評分均高于對照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：腦卒中后遺癥患者中實施延續(xù)性心理護理，可改善其主觀幸福感，提升生活質(zhì)量，值得進行深入研究和推廣。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 腦卒中; 后遺癥; 延續(xù)性心理護理; 主觀幸福感; 生活質(zhì)量

Effect of Continuous Psychological Nursing on Subjective Well-being and Quality of Life of Patients with Stroke Sequelae/SONG Huiqin，HUA Qingxia，SU Huiyi.//Medical Innovation of China，2019，16（19）：-104

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the effect of continuous psychological nursing on subjective well-being and quality of life of patients with stroke sequelae.Method：A total of 80 patients with stroke sequelae discharged in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected by convenience sampling method.According to the random stratified grouping method，they were divided into study group（continuing psychological nursing）and control group（routine continuing nursing），40 cases in each group.After intervention 6 months，subjective well-being and quality of life before and after intervention between two groups were compared.Result：After 6 months of intervention，the each score and total scores of subjective well-being in study group were better than those of control group，and the scores of each dimensions of quality of life in study group were higher than those of control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Continuous psychological nursing in patients with stroke sequelae can improve their subjective well-being and quality of life，which is worthy of further research and promotion.

【Key words】 Stroke; Sequela; Continuous psychological nursing; Subjective well-being; Quality of life

First-authors address：Dongguan Renkang Hospital，Dongguan 523000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.19.026

腦卒中是嚴重威脅人類生命健康的一個疾病類型，具有較高發(fā)病率和病死率。據(jù)調(diào)查，初次發(fā)病的腦卒中患者中，70%～80%可出現(xiàn)不同程度后遺癥，包括吞咽困難、語言障礙、偏癱等，會加重患者經(jīng)濟及精神負擔[1]。臨床上治療腦卒中后遺癥的關(guān)鍵是長期康復(fù)干預(yù)及訓練。而康復(fù)功能訓練最佳時機為腦卒中后4～6個月，該階段大多患者病情穩(wěn)定出院進行居家護理[2]。而腦卒中后遺癥患者出院后能否保持康復(fù)訓練的積極性、主動性、連續(xù)性，是影響其康復(fù)效果的關(guān)鍵。但是事實上多數(shù)居家腦卒中后遺癥患者也極易因自身病痛、自理能力降低、經(jīng)濟負擔、家庭關(guān)系等，出現(xiàn)焦慮、煩躁等不良心理，影響依從性，導(dǎo)致語言、肢體、神經(jīng)等功能恢復(fù)延緩，嚴重者甚至增加病死率[3]。故需加強腦卒中后遺癥患者出院后心理干預(yù)，幫助其緩解不良心理狀態(tài)，改善依從性，促進康復(fù)。而以往常規(guī)出院后隨訪僅重視以電話方式進行康復(fù)指導(dǎo)，且電話隨訪僅能淺薄了解患者一段時間內(nèi)病情及心理情況，有些患者在電話中往往不能準確表達自身感受，僅經(jīng)由電話安慰患者效果不佳，實際應(yīng)用價值低?；诖?，本次研究選取2017年1月-2018年1月本院出院腦卒中后遺癥患者80例，調(diào)查分析了延續(xù)性心理護理的應(yīng)用效果，并重點探討其對患者主觀幸福感與生活質(zhì)量的影響，現(xiàn)報道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料 采用便利抽樣法選取2017年