裝配式住宅院落改造，北京，中國(guó)

小弓匠胡同6號(hào)，北京，中國(guó)No. 6 Courtyard of Xiaogongjiang Hutong, Beijing, China, 2017

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：北京清筑建筑設(shè)計(jì)有限公司

Architect: Beijing Qingzhu Architecture Design Co.,Ltd.

1 改造前外景/Exterior views before renovation

2 改造前外景/Exterior views before renovation

3 改造后平面/Floor plan after renovation

研究裝配式在舊房改造中的適用性，其目的是為改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有舊房改造中的建造方式，減小老城更新過(guò)程中的環(huán)保壓力和各項(xiàng)成本，以期為存量規(guī)劃的實(shí)施提供更多選擇。

第一個(gè)裝配式舊房改造院落位于小弓匠胡同，是一個(gè)具有100多年歷史的老舊小院，木結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)腐爛，磚墻瀕臨倒塌，房屋管理所鑒定其為危房，這類(lèi)型院落在北京的胡同中占有很大比例。

從提出裝配式舊房改造到小弓匠胡同改造完成，始終是以設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)為主導(dǎo)，這樣保證了研發(fā)成果的落地。

組建建設(shè)團(tuán)隊(duì)由建筑師完成，共同將技術(shù)難點(diǎn)前置，在設(shè)計(jì)及加工環(huán)節(jié)解決，使得設(shè)計(jì)完成度得到有效保障。優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)及技術(shù)顧問(wèn)，保證了房屋的舒適性及實(shí)用性。

經(jīng)過(guò)小弓匠胡同的院落改造，我們堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為，裝配式進(jìn)行舊房改造已具備一條完整的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條。目前，平房院落、老舊樓房更多采用傳統(tǒng)方式進(jìn)行室內(nèi)裝修，而采用裝配式裝修則更加方便快捷。

小弓匠胡同的院落改造是京東在舊房改造中實(shí)踐的第一個(gè)全屋智能化空間，建筑師力求智能化的實(shí)用性，京東為空間架設(shè)基礎(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，所需家用電器均可于網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)。無(wú)論是裝配式還是智能化，小弓匠胡同院落改造實(shí)踐的是建筑產(chǎn)業(yè)化，希望通過(guò)我們的努力可以喚起更多企業(yè)參與到舊房改造產(chǎn)業(yè)化的實(shí)踐中來(lái)。

The purpose of the study on the applicability of assembly housing technology in building renovation aims to improve the existing construction methods and to reduce the environmental pressure and various costs in the renewal of the old city so as to provide more choices for the implementation of the inventory planning.

The first assembly reformed courtyard is located in Xiaogongjiang Hutong, an old courtyard with over a hundred years of history, the wooden structure was decayed and the brick walls were on the brink of collapse. The Housing Management identi fied it as one of dangerous buildings, the type of which occupies a large proportion among Beijing alley-buildings.

From the proposal to the completion of the renovation project in Xiaogongjiang Hutong,everything was based on research and design, in order to make sure the result of the research could implement in practice.

The construction team is set up by the architects. we proposed the technical difficulties in the design and processing aspects of the solution, ensured the designing and constructing completeness of the project.Excellent design team and technical consultants guaranteed the comfort and practicality of the house.

After Xiaogongjiang project, we strongly believe that renovation of old houses with assembly technology has already become a complete industrial chain. Relative to the cottage courtyard, the older buildings are more of an interior decoration, while the use of fabricated decoration is a much more convenient and quick work.

The Xiaogongjiang Hutong courtyard transformation is the first intelligent room in the house renovating by Jingdong, architects aimed at seeking intelligent practicality in the project.Jingdong offered basic space network and fresh air system, and the equipment is all available in the Jingdong's Platform to purchase. Whether it is assembly-type or Industrialisation, Xiaogongjiang Hutong renovation practice is a kind of building industrialisation, we are looking forward more companies participating in the transformation of old housing industry practice by our efforts.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architects: 劉軍，閆杰章/LIU Jun, YAN Jie Zhang

技術(shù)支持/Technical Support: 劉軍，劉智斌，孫曉彥，王鵬，舒濤（北京清華同衡規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司）/LIU Jun, LIU Zhibin, SUN Xiaoyan, WANG Peng, SHU Tao(THUPDI)

結(jié)構(gòu)深化設(shè)計(jì)/Structural Deepening: 高峰、郭寧（北京浩石集成房屋有限公司）/GAO Feng, GUO Ning (Beijing Housespace Prefab Co., Ltd. )

室內(nèi)深化設(shè)計(jì)/Assembly Construction: 王強(qiáng)，楊潤(rùn)濱（北京和能人居科技有限公司）/WANG Qiang, YANG Runbin(Heneng Ren Ju Tech Co., Ltd.)

智能設(shè)備提供商/Intelligent Equipment: 京東/JD

支持單位/Support Unit: 北京華融金盈投資發(fā)展有限公司/Beijing Huarong Jinying Investment Development Co., Ltd.

項(xiàng)目類(lèi)型/Type: 居住/Residential

建筑占地/Building Space: 89m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2016.11-2017.03

施工時(shí)間/Construction Time: 2017.04-2017.10

攝影/Photos: 劉軍/LIU Jun

4 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior view after renovation

小茶葉胡同16號(hào)，北京，中國(guó)No.16 Courtyard of Xiaochaye Hutong, Beijing, China, 2017

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：北京清筑建筑設(shè)計(jì)有限公司

Architecture: Beijing Qingzhu Architecture Design Co.,Ltd.

1 改造前外景/Exterior view before renovation

2 改造后平面/Floor plan after renovation

胡同院落在舊房改造中具有突出的復(fù)雜性，我們?cè)诒本┌姿聟^(qū)域選擇了幾個(gè)極具代表性的平房院落，采用裝配式對(duì)其進(jìn)行改造升級(jí)，效果非常好。

從提出裝配式舊房改造到小茶葉胡同16號(hào)改造完成，始終是以設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)為主導(dǎo)，這樣保證了研發(fā)成果的落地。

組建建設(shè)團(tuán)隊(duì)由建筑師完成，共同將技術(shù)難點(diǎn)前置，在設(shè)計(jì)及加工環(huán)節(jié)解決，使得設(shè)計(jì)完成度得到有效保障。優(yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)及技術(shù)顧問(wèn)，保證了房屋的舒適性及實(shí)用性。

在施工過(guò)程中，結(jié)合胡同的限制條件，已總結(jié)出一套“餐包式”的裝配方式，從而使得散落平房也可以采用產(chǎn)業(yè)化的思路進(jìn)行改造升級(jí)。

經(jīng)過(guò)小茶葉胡同16號(hào)的院落改造，我們堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為，裝配式進(jìn)行舊房改造已具備一條完整的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條。希望通過(guò)我們的努力可以喚起更多企業(yè)參與到舊房改造產(chǎn)業(yè)化的實(shí)踐中來(lái)。

隨著環(huán)保壓力越來(lái)越大，市場(chǎng)對(duì)裝配的訴求越來(lái)越高，特別是大型城市建材市場(chǎng)的不斷外遷與人力成本的上升，材料與施工成本逐年增高，實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)性化與環(huán)保將會(huì)付出更大的代價(jià)，而采用工廠生產(chǎn)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝的裝配式施工，其造價(jià)不但可以得到控制，在材料和施工上更加環(huán)保，工藝也更可控。

3 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior view after renovation

With Hutong courtyards' outstanding complexity in renovating, we selected a few representatives of the courtyards of single-story houses in the area of Baitasi,Beijing, for assembly upgrading and renovating and achieved excellent results.

From the proposal to the completion of the renovation project in No.16 Xiaochaye Hutong ,everything was based on research and design, in order to make sure the result of the research could implement in practice.

The construction team is set up by the architects.we proposed the technical difficulties in the design and processing aspects of the solution, ensured the designing and constructing completeness of the project.Excellent design team and technical consultants guaranteed the comfort and practicality of the house.

We have come to achieve a package type in process of construction, it adapts to hutong restrictions, in which all scattered one-storeyed houses can be upgraded by the methods in the idea of industrialisation.

After No.16 xiaochaye Hutong project, we strongly believe that the old houses renovation with assembly technology has already become a complete industrial chain. we are looking forward to more companies participating in the transformation of old housing industry practice by our efforts.

With increasing pressure in environmental protection, market is demanding for higher standards.In metropolises, constant relocation of large construction materials market occurs; labour expenses are rising; materials and construction costs increasing year by year, etc. As a result, in renovation industry,personalised and environmental-friendly practice will cost more. Thus, prefabricated construction is relatively more controllable in cost, the effect on the environment, as well as the craft technology.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architects: 張宇，劉軍，張磊，孫頔/ZHANG Yu, LIU Jun, ZHANG Lei, SUN Di

技術(shù)支持/Technical Support: 劉軍，劉智斌，孫曉彥，王鵬，舒濤（北京清華同衡規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司）/LIU Jun, LIU Zhibin, SUN Xiaoyan, WANG Peng, SHU Tao (THUPDI)結(jié)構(gòu)深化設(shè)計(jì)/Structural Desgin: 高峰，郭寧（北京浩石集成房屋有限公司）/GAO Feng, GUO Ning (Beijing Housespace Prefab Co., Ltd.)

室內(nèi)深化設(shè)計(jì)/Interior Design: 王強(qiáng)，楊潤(rùn)濱（北京和能人居科技有限公司）/WANG Qiang, YANG Runbin(Heneng Ren Ju Tech Co., Ltd.)

支持單位/Support Unit: 北京華融金盈投資發(fā)展有限公司/Beijing Huarong Jinying Investment Development Co., Ltd.

項(xiàng)目類(lèi)型/Project Type: 居住/Residential

基地面積/Building Area: 128.9m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2016.11-2017.03

施工時(shí)間/Construction Time: 2017.04-2017.12

攝影/Photos: 劉軍，張馳/LIU Jun, ZHANG Chi

裝配小平房，北京，中國(guó)Assembly House, Beijing, China, 2017

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：北京清筑建筑設(shè)計(jì)有限公司

Architect: Beijing Qingzhu Architecture Design Co., Ltd.

“裝配小平房”是我們第3個(gè)采用裝配式進(jìn)行改造的項(xiàng)目，它位于白塔寺宮門(mén)口四條34號(hào)，是片區(qū)更新的重點(diǎn)區(qū)域，周邊已改造完多個(gè)建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的院落，形成了獨(dú)具特色的胡同氛圍。

小平房?jī)H有約15m2的面積，而這也是胡同中很多家庭所擁有的房屋面積，具有很強(qiáng)的代表性，我們?cè)诖诵】臻g內(nèi)解決了居住所需的常用功能，且堅(jiān)持著實(shí)用與舒適原則，所有功能均按常規(guī)尺寸設(shè)計(jì)，盡可能減少二次體驗(yàn)功能?？臻g設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合實(shí)際將其分為兩種三段式，一種是立面切割，頂面為設(shè)備層，中間為生活功能，底部為架空管線層；另一種是平面切割，東面布置了日常所需的全部功能，西面為整體儲(chǔ)物，中間是釋放出的多功能區(qū)域。合理的設(shè)計(jì)使得空間形成了“一室一廳一廚一衛(wèi)”的布局。室內(nèi)施工全部采用裝配式，設(shè)計(jì)圖紙交底后施工單位僅用了12天便完成從下料到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝的全部過(guò)程，全程無(wú)濕作業(yè)，部件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、模塊化使得施工完成度得到有效控制，減少了工人技藝的干預(yù)因素。在施工過(guò)程中，結(jié)合胡同的限制條件，已總結(jié)出一套“餐包式”的裝配方式，從而使得散落平房也可以采用產(chǎn)業(yè)化的思路進(jìn)行改造升級(jí)。

“裝配小平房”的改造具有多重意義，舊房改造項(xiàng)目中采用裝配式，實(shí)際是定制的裝配式，如此，為存量規(guī)劃的落地提供了一種途徑，也為老城改造升級(jí)提供了全新思路。

"Assembly House", our third assembling renovating project, located in the No.34 Gongmenkou Sitiao near Baitasi. The site is the key area of the whole developing area, where multiple courtyards were finished designing and renovating by architects and achieved unique characteristics and atmospheres among the block.

The subject measured only 15m2, which happened to be the same size as the houses owned by most families in this neighbourhood. Therefore,it was reasonable to be regarded as representative project of this area. Under the principal of functional and comfortable designing, we managed to arrange the floor plan and set all the furniture in regular sizes, in order to minimise extra effort in living with foldaway furniture for the occupants in the limited space, which meet the occupants' living requirements of daily life.The space is designed into two types of tripartite compositions. One is vertical division: the top floor made for mechanical, the middle layer to daily use, bottoms as the open floor of pipelines. The other is horizontal division: the east part meets the whole daily requests, while the west space is used as integrative storage, with extra multi-functional released area in the middle. Rational designing leads to the proper layout of "one room, one hall and one hutch". The materials of indoor construction were all prefabricated.The whole indoor constructing process took the construction company only 12 days to finish after acquiring the design drawings. There was no wet work on site, standardisation and modularisation was proven favourable in handling to ful fill the schedule,it was also effective in decreasing any intervention factors of workers' skill. We have come to achieve a package type in process of construction, it adapts to hutong restrictions, in which all scattered one-story houses can be upgraded by the methods in the idea of industrialisation.

The "Assembly House" is a significant and representative project in housing industry. To apply prefabrication technology in renovation, that is,using customised assembly materials provided a new way in both implementations of the city planning and the renovation and upgrading of old cities.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

地點(diǎn)/Location: 宮門(mén)口四條34號(hào)/No.34 Gongmenkou Sitiao

建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architects: 劉軍，閆杰章/LIU Jun, YAN Jie Zhang

項(xiàng)目類(lèi)型/Project Type: 居住/Residential

項(xiàng)目面積/Project Area: 15m2

技術(shù)支持/Technical Support: 北京清華同衡規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司/THUPDI

室內(nèi)裝配深化設(shè)計(jì)及施工單位/Assembly Construction: 和能人居科技集團(tuán)/Heneng Ren Ju Tech Co., Ltd.

智能設(shè)備提供商/Intelligent Equipment: 京東/JD

防水支持/Waterproof: 北京建中新材科技有限公司/Beijing Chienchung New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2017.07.08

完成時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2017.09

1 改造前內(nèi)景/Interior view before renovation

2 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior views after renovation

3 改造后內(nèi)景/Interior views after renovation

評(píng)論

程曉青：對(duì)于面積狹小、基礎(chǔ)落后、功能復(fù)雜的傳統(tǒng)建筑來(lái)說(shuō)，采用裝配式、智能化的更新模式是非常契合的技術(shù)路線，方案探索將現(xiàn)代化設(shè)施齊備的裝配模塊植入傳統(tǒng)建筑，既減少了對(duì)原有建筑的破壞，又簡(jiǎn)化了改造實(shí)施的過(guò)程。雖然目前呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的成果在設(shè)計(jì)、部品和施工系統(tǒng)化方面還有很大的提升空間，但是仍不失為裝配式在傳統(tǒng)建筑更新領(lǐng)域邁出的第一步。

思唯雅·蘭泰里：這3個(gè)項(xiàng)目都是基于裝配式技術(shù)對(duì)老房子進(jìn)行改造的想法而完成，目前已成為了產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的一部分，不過(guò)它們?nèi)砸圆煌姆绞铰涞氐?。事?shí)上，小茶葉胡同16號(hào)具有內(nèi)向性的特征，圍繞著一個(gè)生活起居的中央庭院展開(kāi)，而小弓匠胡同6號(hào)，盡管基于相似的風(fēng)格和策略，卻更加的碎片化，并與既存的一棟標(biāo)志性的磚砌建筑有著緊密的關(guān)系，因此與一般私人共享空間有著一定程度上的有趣的不同。此外，裝配小平房則在最小生活空間尺度上采用了智能預(yù)制模塊技術(shù)，與現(xiàn)有的建筑有著相同的體量，卻簡(jiǎn)化了語(yǔ)言。（龐凌波 譯）

Comments

CHENG Xiaoqing: For the traditional courtyard with limited area, backward facilities and complex functions, it is a very applicable technique to adopt the prefabricated and intelligent renewal method.The project explores the integration of the assembly modules with complete modern facilities into the traditional courtyards, which not only reduces the damage to the existing buildings, but also simplified the renovation process. Although the results presented have great room for improvement in terms of design,products and construction systematisation, it is still the very first step of assembly in the field of traditional architecture renewal.(Translated by PANG Lingbo)

Silvia Lanteri: These three projects are based on the idea that old houses renovation with assembly technology has already become part of the industrial chain, but they are still declined in different ways. In fact, while No.16 Xiaochaye presents a introverted character, rotating around a central courtyard for the domestic distribution, No. 6 Xiaogongjiang, based on similar style and solutions, is more fragmented and in strong relationship with and an iconic existing brick building, with an interesting uncertain level of privateshared spaces distinction. Moreover, Assembly House is a smart prefabricated solution which reflects on minimum living spaces, occupying the same volume as the existing one but simplifying the language.