語法填空題專題導(dǎo)練

李華軍

從最近三年高考真題來看，全國Ⅰ卷的考情如下表所示：

注意：全國Ⅱ卷和Ⅲ卷與上述規(guī)律有出入。

建議考全國Ⅰ卷的考生將以上表格背熟，然后每次做語法填空題之前都將此表默寫出來，然后再開始做題，即“先列考點再做題”。

助記：

純空題：純空就考連介冠（與“廉潔官”大致同音）。

給詞題：名詞復(fù)數(shù)考1題，謂非謂轉(zhuǎn)比較級。

其它：純空賓語填it，給了it填its。（即若純空處于賓語的位置，就填it）

特別提醒：以上考點是據(jù)已考高考題總結(jié)的，但在今年或今后的高考中，可能因所選命題材料的不同會出現(xiàn)新的情況。因此，在考場中要從實際出發(fā)，既要了解規(guī)律，但又不要拘于規(guī)律。

高考真題回顧

2018年全國Ⅰ卷

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal， runners live three years????? 61??? （long）than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long????? 62??? （see）the benefit. You may drink， smoke， be overweight and still reduce your risk of????? 63???? （die）early by running.

While running regularly cant make you live forever， the review says it????? 64??? （be）more effective at lengthening life????? 65??? walking， cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014????? 66???? showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all????? 67???? （cause）.

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... its probably running. To avoid knee pain， you can run on soft surfaces， do exercises to????? 68??? （strength）your leg muscles（肌肉），avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap， easy and its always????? 69???? （energy）. If you are time poor， you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports， so perhaps we should all give????? 70???? a try.

2017年全國Ⅰ卷

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend， which was started by the medical community（醫(yī)學(xué)界）???? 61???? a method of fighting heart disease， has had some unintended side????? 62???? （effect）such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required????? 63??? （process）the food that we eat， to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt????? 64??? （remove）from food， the food tastes as if it is missing something. As????? 65???? result， people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even????? 66???? （bad）， the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food????? 67?? （be）full of fat and salt; by????? 68??? （eat）more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack（吃點心）between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However， be????? 69??? （care）not to go to extremes. Like anything， it is possible to have too much of both，????? 70???? is not good for the health.

2016年全國I卷

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires， Asias biggest building， and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me， pandas are its top????? 61??? （attract）.

So it was a great honour to? be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base， where ticket money helps pay for research. I????? 62??? （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow， I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be????? 63??? （official）given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back????? 64???? my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，????? 65???? I was the first Western TV reporter????? 66??? （permit）to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include????? 67??? （introduce）British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit， I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by????? 68??? （it）mother. The nursery team switches him every few????? 69??? （day）with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed，????? 70???? other is with mum—she never suspects.

2015年全國I卷

Yangshuo， China

It was raining lightly when I????? 61??? （arrive）in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours????? 62??? ， Id been at home in Hong Kong， with????? 63??? （it）choking smog. Here， the air was clean and fresh， even with the rain.

Id skipped nearby Guilin， a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River????? 64???? are pictured by artists in so many Chinese????? 65??? （painting）. Instead， Id headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin， its only an hour away????? 66???? car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

Yangshuo????? 67??? （be）really beautiful. A study of travelers????? 68??? （conduct）by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent， a travel company in Hong Kong， says it????? 69??? （regular）arranges quick getaways here for people????? 70??? （live）in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

2014年全國I卷

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？

In 1969， the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland， Ohio. It????? 61??? （be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it????? 62??? （actual）caught fire and burned. Now， years later， this river is one of????? 63???? most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasnt changed in a few days????? 64???? even a few months. It took years of work????? 65??? （reduce）the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally， that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is????? 66??? （clean）than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit????? 67??? is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation， dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately？

While there are????? 68??? （amaze）stories of instant transformation， for most of us the????? 69??? （change）are gradual and require a lot of effort and work， like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be????? 70??? （patience）.

各市模擬題精選

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式。

（一）

（2019屆四川內(nèi)江二診）A few years ago， after a long morning of sightseeing in New York， my children and I took a breath on a park bench in Central Park.

“Look！”my son said，???? 1??? （point）to a nearby dustbin. Thats when we saw our first raccoon（浣熊）. He paid us no attention， concentrating only on looking for a????? 2??? （tast）lunch. He sorted through a few options before finding a wrapped sandwich.

Satisfied， he jumped down with????? 3???? held carefully between his paws and?????? 4??? （casual）went to a spot on the path， not a meter from????? 5???? we sat. The children were strongly attracted by the raccoon that provided????? 6??? （good）entertainment for them， of course， including me， than any museum.

He glanced at us， perhaps????? 7??? （make）sure that we werent about to take away his lunch. With his delicate????? 8??? （finger）， he tore up the plastic wrap. Then， he surprised us all. Instead of starting his food， he turned to a nearby small pool of rainwater and????? 9??? （dip） his hands in. With an elegant air， he washed his hands underwater????? 10???? a moment， and then cleaned his whiskers（胡須）. After that， he turned back and started enjoying his meal like a gentleman.

（二）

（2019屆福建泉州一模）Hunter Adams spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems， and he was unhappy. When he left hospital， he went to Medical School in Virginia， USA， where he did things in a????? 1??? （difference）way. For example， when he visited his patients， he wore shirts with????? 2??? （flower）on them in an effort to make them laugh.He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital， putting a special red nose on his face to look????? 3???? a clown（小丑）.

Adams believed that people in hospital need????? 4???? （much）than medicine， trying????? 5??? （help）them not only as patients， but also as people. When he finished medical school， he opened his own hospital called“The Gesundheit Institute”. He wanted????? 6???? to be a place with a special way of????? 7??? （communicate）with sick people.

In 1998， Universal Pictures????? 8??? （produce）a film about Hunter Adams. It was very successful. In the film， Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said，“Hunter is a????? 9??? （true）warm person， believing that patients need a doctor????? 10???? is a friend. I enjoyed playing him.”

（三）

（2019屆河北邯鄲一模）In his book， Intentional Living， author John Maxwell shares that back in 1976， he received a gift from one of his????? 1??? （assistant）. As he unwrapped the gift， he saw that it was a book named The Greatest Story Ever Told. He couldnt wait????? 2??? （read）it.

But when he opened the book， he was????? 3??? （astonish）to see that the pages were blank. Inside the book was????? 4???? note that said，“John， your life is before you. Fill these pages with kind acts and good thoughts of your heart. Write a great story about your life.”The intention of????? 5??? （write）the story of his life excited him. Then， he????? 6?? （begin）to write his book.

Every day we live out our story through our words， actions and decisions. But we must remember to live with intention to focus on what????? 7??? （matter）most in life. Without intention， we can become unfocused in things????? 8???? neednt add to a life of significance and difference in our world.

Life isnt perfect and its always hard， so we need reminders in our life????? 9???? afriend， author， blogger， pastor or our inner spirit to refocus us on the things that matter and make us live????? 10??? （positive）.

（四）

（2019屆河北石家莊質(zhì)檢）A material can be really special when it was named after the place????? 1???? it was created originally. Thats certainly the case with “china”. And of all types of china， white porcelain（瓷）is among????? 2???? most famous.

Nowadays， the????? 3??? （tradition）material has taken on a modern look in the????? 4??? （hand）of four Chinese artists in the Modern White Porcelain Exhibition. And the key word here is“modern”. One of the works????? 5??? （be）a porcelain boat. But look????? 6??? （attentive）and youll see that the boat???? 7??? （build） with porcelain looks like a takeout box. Inside the boat is a statue of a baby. The baby stands for humans and the boat is????? 8???? supports life. It suggests we may have done some damage??? ??9????? the environment and that were treating life like fast food.

All the four artists gave white porcelain a modem style， each in????? 10??? （they）own way. And this is what the exhibitions theme comes from. Its a dialogue between the past and the present.

（五）

（2019屆安徽合肥第二次質(zhì)檢）The game of Go（圍棋） is an important board game with origins in China from more than 4，000 years ago. In China， Go????? 1??? （recognize）as“hand conversations”， through which players communicate with each other. The metaphor（比喻）first????? 2??? （use）by a master of the Jin Dynasty， reflects the nature of the game. While scholars of his time often lost????? 3??? （they）in philosophical（哲學(xué)的）debates on life and universe， he preferred to play Go，????? 4???? he believed was full of hows and whys of life.

Master Go players often feel as if they were playing a real-life game： sometimes one can move forward， while at other times， one must slow down; sometimes one can????? 5??? （direct）face the challenger， at other times one must take????? 6???? indirect approach. Appropriate placement of each tiny Go piece is similar????? 7???? how one might solve a difficult problem of life. The purpose of????? 8??? （play）Go is not just to win but also to seek????? 9??? （wise）through the process. The players unite with each other on the board. Instead of fighting as????? 10??? （enemy），they cooperate to play a good game. One thoughtless move could ruin the enjoyment.

（六）

（2019屆四川攀枝花二模）Since the beginning of the 21st century， artificial intelligence（AI）???? 1??? （find）its way in different areas in the entertainment industry. Disney， which is one of the worlds leading entertainment????? 2??? （company）， has decided to make use of the technology in its theme parks，????? 3???? robot cartoon characters will soon walk among guests. Disney has also its robot Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck to communicate????? 4???? tourists.

“I think AI is going to be????? 5??? （great）important for what we do，”said Jon Snoddy， an official of the entertainment company. “Robot characters that can move around among our guests need to understand where theyre going and know????? 6???? to behave in a world with humans.”

However， the company also????? 7??? （know）some of the fears surrounding AI. Scaring kids wont be part of what we do，” said Mr. Snoddy.“We will go and do tests in our parks to find out what kids find????? 8??? （interest）about these things. We will carry out tests????? 9??? （make）sure the robot characters make a positive????? 10??? （impress）on kids.”

（七）

（2019屆四川自貢一診）A trend is sweeping the Internet where women are holding up pieces of A4 printer paper????? 1??? （show）how tiny their waists are. To be narrower than a piece of A4 you need to have roughly a 25-inch waist or less， ?????2???? is much thinner than the 35-inch average American waist， practically impossible for most human beings.

While many trends come and go， this one is particularly worrying as it is absolutely focused on weight. Reviewers have severely criticized the strange trend towards pressuring women to try to reach????? 3???? unachievable goal， for there is no such thing as pretty enough， skinny enough， attractive enough. Even the????? 4??? （star）of Hollywood such as Jennifer Aniston and Nicole Kidman are lack? ????5???? confidence. It????? 6??? （explain）why women who have cosmetic surgery（整容手術(shù)）always want to do more. Perfection does not actually exist.

Psychologists have all proven that confidence comes not from ones????? 7??? （appear）or figure， but from knowing????? 8???? （you）and developing your talents. In fact，????? 9??? （spend）time focusing on your looks weakens your confidence. Everybody is beautiful， not just the thin ones， because inner beauty shines????? 10??? （bright）than any hair， skin， or teeth.

（八）

（2019屆山東青島一模）There are many reasons????? 1??? college and university students often fail to get full nights of sleep. They might not be used to having total????? 2??? （free）in how they plan their????? 3??? （day）and nights. Parties， late night study meetings， or just time spent relaxing????? 4???? friends—these are all things that cut into college students sleep habits.

A few years ago， Michael Scullin began teaching the science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco， Texas. Scullin is????? 5???? assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He says his students seemed to enjoy the class and????? 6??? （be）interested in the material he was teaching. The class centered round why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems????? 7??? （cause）by a lack of sleep. This includes difficulty focusing on studies or????? 8??? （control）ones emotions， and increased risk of many diseases.

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours of sleep a night to stay????? 9??? （health）. Scullin found students who slept more performed????? 10??? （good） in two different classes， and he published his findings in two academic publications last November.

（九）

（2019屆河省六市一模）There are many great destinations in the UK， one of????? 1???? is the South-West of England. The most popular regions surrounding the South-West????? 2??? （be）the counties of Devon and Cornwall. They are by the coast and known for having some of????? 3???? sunniest weather in the UK.

In the heart of the South-West， Dartmoor National Park????? 4???? （vote）the UKs favourite in 2016. There are plenty of breathtaking walks to choose from which will lead you????? 5???? （discover）Dartmoors ancient and rugged（崎嶇的）charm！

In the South-West you will find plenty of attractive and often deserted????? 6??? （beach）. Some examples include Whitesand Bay in Cornwall and Woolacombe beach in Devon. If you dont mind the????? 7??? （slight）cooler temperatures than other beach destinations in Europe， you are in for a real treat！

Apart from being surrounded by????? 8??? （beauty）nature， the South-West is full of urban gems（精華）. The city of Exeter in Devon has great centers， as well as lots of cafes????? 9???? pubs. Cornwall has its own treasures too—pretty villages and towns such as St Ives and Mousehole line the coastline， and make for the perfect locations to spend those????? 10??? （relax）summer afternoons！

（十）

（2019屆云南一檢）Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） has been around????? 1???? thousands of years. It is said that there are three emperors????? 2???? played a significant role in the history of TCM.

First， Fu Xi discovered the flow between heaven and earth which he reflected in the principles of Yin and Yang. Yin and Yang theory????? 3??? （be）the concept of two opposite but complementary（互補(bǔ)）forces that shape all life. He also invented acupuncture（針灸）. Second， Shen Nong????? 4??? （regard）as the founder of Chinese herbal medicine even today. In order to determine the nature of differen therbs， he tasted various kinds of???? 5??? （plant），testing their individual effects. Third， Huang Di is associated with Huang Di Nei Jing， which is the????? 6??????? （early）and most important written record of TCM. It lays a foundation for the theories of Chinese medicine.

TCM has made a great????? 7??? （contribute）to the health of Chinese people， and it has become an independent medical system in world medical field. Since????? 8???? founding of the Peoples Republic of China， the Chinese government has attached great importance to TCM，????? 9??? （make）policies to promote its development. TCM is now becoming????? 10??? （wide）accepted in the world.

（十一）

（2019年河南省新鄉(xiāng)市二模改編）There are two kinds of parents in modern America， says Alison Gopnik in her recent book， The Gardener and the Carpenter. The“carpenter”thinks that his or her child can????? 1??? （shape）. The idea is that if you just do the right things， get the right skills and read the right books， youre going to have the ability????? 2??? （turn）your child into a particular kind of adult. The“gardener”，on the other hand， is less concerned about controlling who the child will become，

3???? provides a protected space for the child to explore.

Gopnik， a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California， Berkeley， spent decades????? 4??? （research）childrens development and found that parents often focus too much????? 5???? their childrens future. The harm is that parents and their children may become????? 6??? （anxiety）， tense or unhappy. These parents should really reflect on????? 7??? （they）.

“Were so concerned about what these????? 8??? （child）are going to be that were unwilling to give them the autonomy to take risks and explore????? 9? ??（world）”she says. Ironically， the???? 10??? （little）parents worry about outcomes， the better their children may live in life.

答案與解析

高考真題回顧

2018年全國Ⅰ卷

本文是說明文，主要介紹了根據(jù)某醫(yī)學(xué)雜志中的實際調(diào)查報告，跑步對人的健康和壽命的影響。

61. longer 由than可知要用比較級，跑步者較不跑步者多活三年。

62. to see 做目的狀語用不定式。

63. dying 在介詞后用名詞或動名詞做賓語，但此處有副詞early修飾，所以只能用動名詞dying。

64. is 調(diào)查報告陳述的事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填is。

65. than 由前面的more effective可知，是比較級，用than。

66. which /that先行詞是a study，在定語從句中做主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that。

67. causes 由前面的all可知用復(fù)數(shù)。

68. strengthen 表示目的的不定式，“to +動詞原形”。

69. energetic 做表語要用形容詞，表示“精力旺盛的，充滿活力的”。

70. it 做間接賓語，做賓語用代詞，代替前文的running，用it。當(dāng)然直接填running也可以。

2017年全國Ⅰ卷

本文首先指出，最近食品服務(wù)行業(yè)出現(xiàn)了一種低脂肪低鹽的趨勢，而這種趨勢對健康可能造成的負(fù)面影響，然后對影響的成因進(jìn)行了分析。文章認(rèn)為，脂肪和鹽的攝取要足量，并非越少越好，當(dāng)然攝取量不要太多。

61. as 表示“作為”一種方法。

62. effects 由空前的some和空后such as所舉的兩個例子可知，不止一種副作用，故effect用復(fù)數(shù)。

63. to process? 由require sb to do sth可知，用不定式。

64. are removed? 因fat and salt與remove是被動關(guān)系，即“被移除”;又由上下文謂語動詞的時態(tài)可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語fat and salt為復(fù)數(shù)，故填are removed。

65. a? 因as a result是固定短語。

66. worse? 因even worse是慣用語，表示“更糟糕的是”。順便提提，even常修飾比較級，表示“更加，還”。

67. is? 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，由上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填is。

68. eating? 在介詞后做賓語要用名詞或動名詞，因其后有賓語more fast food，故用動名詞。

69. careful? 做表語要用形容詞。

70. which? 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句用which。

2016年全國I卷

本文作者講敘自己作為成都熊貓基地的英國大使，造訪熊貓基地的經(jīng)歷。

61. attraction? 在“形容詞性物主代詞（its）+形容詞（top）”后應(yīng)填名詞，attraction指“吸引人的事物”。

62. was allowed? 因I與allow之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài);又由前句So it was a great honour to ...中的was可知，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。

63. officially 修飾動詞（be given），應(yīng)用副詞，表示“正式地”，即“熊貓大使稱號被正式授予我”。

64. to? 因go back to（追溯到）為固定搭配。

65. when 引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做時間狀語，先行詞是days，故用when。

66. permitted? 句中已有謂語was，故permit應(yīng)作為非謂語動詞;又因reporter與permit之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞做后置定語。（事實上，先行詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時，常用不定式做定語，所以也可填to be permitted。但閱卷場的負(fù)責(zé)人不認(rèn)可，不給分）

67. introducing由include doing可知填introducing。

68. its 在名詞前做定語，表示“a lively three-month-old twin的”媽媽，故用its。

69. days 空格前有few 修飾，故day用復(fù)數(shù)。

70. the 由one ... the other可知。

2015年全國I卷

本文作者首先介紹自己到達(dá)陽朔的情況，接著作者交替提到桂林和陽朔，最后重點介紹了陽朔作為旅游勝地在業(yè)界的認(rèn)可和推介，已成為眾多游客的選擇。

61. arrived 由主句中的was和后一句中的didnt可知，這里用一般過去時態(tài)。

62. before / earlier由Id been at home的時態(tài)可知此處表示“幾個小時前， 我待在香港的家里”，“待在家里”應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在過去動作arrived之前， 故此處填before和earlier均可。

63. its因為smog是名詞， 所以用it的形容詞性物主代詞，指“香港的”。

64. that/which根據(jù)句意“被藝術(shù)家們所描繪的山水”和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是一個定語從句， 因為先行詞是物，且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語， 所以用that或which。

65. paintings由so many可知，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

66. by表示“乘，坐”交通工具用by。by car， by bus， by plane等是習(xí)慣表達(dá)。

67. is根據(jù)后文的時態(tài)可知這里用一般現(xiàn)在時， 介紹客觀情況， 又因為Yangshuo是第三人稱單數(shù)， 所以用is。

68. conducted該句主干為A study of travelers names Yangshuo as one of the top ... 可知此處為非謂語動詞， 又因study和conduct之間為被動關(guān)系， 所以用過去分詞做定語。

69. regularly修飾動詞arrange， 用副詞。

70. living因本句謂語為arranges，所以空格處為非謂語動詞;又因people與live之間為主動關(guān)系， 所以用現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語。

2014年全國I卷

凱霍加河的河水1969年還臟得可以著火，但通過幾年治理，河水變得清澈，成為治理環(huán)境的最突出的例子之一。作者以此為例說明，看似不可能處理的情況其實也是可能的，只是一定要有耐心。

61. was 指1969年的情況，用一般過去時;上下句的時態(tài)也有提示作用。

62. actually 修飾謂語動詞caught，做狀語，用副詞。

63. the 由most outstanding可知要填the構(gòu)成最高級。

64. or 起并列作用，表示“或者”。

65. to reduce 是it takes time to do sth句型，不定式做真正的主語。

66. cleaner做表語，依然用形容詞;由than可知，要用比較級。

67. that /which 引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做主語，先行詞是a habit，故用which或that。

68. amazing 在名詞stories前做定語，要用形容詞;由句意可知，需要填表示“驚人的”amazing。

69. changes 做主語或冠詞后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，change除作動詞外也可作名詞;由緊接著的are可知，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

70. patient 在系動詞be后做表語，要用形容詞。

各市模擬題精選

（一）作者和孩子們在紐約中央公園遇見一只浣熊在找食物。令她們感到驚訝的是，浣熊找到食物后，先洗手和整理了胡須后，才開始享受自己的美餐。

1. pointing因句中已有謂語動中said了，point應(yīng)為非謂語動詞;又因my son與point是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式做伴隨狀語。

2. tasty 修飾名詞用形容詞。

3. it 替代前文中的wrapped sandwich。

4. casually修飾動詞went，應(yīng)用副詞。

5. where浣熊離我們坐的地方不到一米，與地點有關(guān)，故用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。

6. better由后面的“than any museum”可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級。

7. to make浣熊朝我們看了一眼，其目的是確保我們不拿他的食物。

8. fingers浣熊的爪子不止一只，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

9. dipped作者描述的是幾年前在公園中發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。

10. for 表示“一會兒”應(yīng)是for a moment。

（二）本文講了亨特·亞當(dāng)斯在醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)后，開設(shè)了一家名為“The Gesundheit Institute”的醫(yī)院，他認(rèn)為病人需要的不僅僅是藥物，而是可以做朋友的醫(yī)生。

1. different修飾名詞way，應(yīng)用形容詞。

2. flowers由前面的shirts可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

3. like 因look like為固定搭配，意為“看起來像……”。

4. more 因more than意為“不僅僅/不止……而已”。句意：亞當(dāng)斯相信，在醫(yī)院的人需要的不僅僅是藥物而已。

5. to help try后可跟不定式，也可跟動名詞，此處表示“盡力做某事”，所以應(yīng)跟不定式。try doing sth.意為“嘗試做某事”，含有試試看的意味。

6. it 指代前句中的hospital。

7. communicating 在介詞后用動名詞。順便提提，雖然也可用名詞communication做賓語，但后有with sick people，所以只能用動名詞communicating。

8. produced 由In 1998可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時。

9. truly修飾形容詞warm，應(yīng)用副詞。

10. who/that引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做主語，先行詞a doctor是人，故用who或that。

（三）生活并不完美，也不容易，所以我們需要從朋友、作家、博主、牧師或我們的內(nèi)心精神中提醒我們，讓我們重新關(guān)注重要的事情，讓我們積極地生活。

1. assistants由one of可知要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

2. to read因cant wait to do sth. 為固定搭配，意為“迫不及待地做某事”。

3. astonished指“人”感到驚訝的，故用astonished。

4. a由句意可知，書中有“一張”紙條。

5. writing在介詞后用動名詞。

6. began文章講的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時。

7. matters句子的主語是表示單數(shù)概念的what，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

8. that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做主語，先行詞是things。

9. from表示“來自”朋友、作家、博主、牧師或我們的內(nèi)心精神的提醒。

10. positively修飾動詞live要用副詞形式。

（四）在現(xiàn)代白瓷展上，四位中國藝術(shù)家手中的傳統(tǒng)材料呈現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)代的面貌，他們給了白瓷一種現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格，這正是展覽的主題來源。

1. where先行詞是place，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做地點狀語，用where。

2. the最高級前用the。

3. traditional修飾名詞material，應(yīng)用形容詞。

4. hands由four Chinese artists可知，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

5. is名詞前有one of修飾，應(yīng)用單數(shù)，由上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填is。

6. attentively修飾動詞look要用副詞形式。

7. built因句中已有謂語動詞looks，所以build應(yīng)為非謂語動詞;又因boat與build是被動關(guān)系，可知用過去分詞短語做后置定語，故填built。

8. what引導(dǎo)表語從句并在從句中做主語，用連接代詞what。

9. to 因do some damage to ...（損害）是固定搭配。

10. their在名詞前做定語，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。

（五）本文主要介紹了圍棋的由來及圍棋告訴我們的人生哲理。

1. is recognized主語it與recognize是被動關(guān)系，要用被動語態(tài);由后面的communicate可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填is recognized。

2. used因句中已有謂語動詞reflects， 所以use此處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，又因metaphor與use是被動關(guān)系，加之有by的提示，可知用過去分詞短語做后置定語，故填used。

3. themselves? 因lose oneself in為固定搭配，意為“沉迷于”。

4. which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句用which。

5. directly修飾動詞face要用副詞形式。

6. an單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前通常加不定冠詞;又因indirect以元音音素開頭，故填an。

7. to 因be similar to為固定搭配，意為“類似于……”。

8. playing在介詞后用動名詞。

9. wisdom做動詞seek的賓語應(yīng)用名詞。

10. enemies由they可知要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

（六）本文主要講了人工智能在娛樂領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用以及公司對人工智能的擔(dān)憂。

1. has found由時間狀語Since the beginning of the 21st century可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時。

2. companies名詞前有one of修飾，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

3. where先行詞是theme parks，表地點，用where做地點狀語。

4. with 因communicate with為固定搭配。

5. greatly修飾形容詞important要用副詞形式。

6. how知道“如何”在人類的世界中表現(xiàn)。

7. knows 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，由上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填knows。

8. interesting表示事物是“有趣的”，應(yīng)用interesting。

9. to make用不定式做目的狀語。

10. impression做動詞make的賓語應(yīng)用名詞。

（七）一種趨勢正在席卷互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，女士們正拿著A4打印紙，以顯示她們的腰部有多么小。這一趨勢令人擔(dān)憂，因為它只專注于體重。心理學(xué)家們證明，自信不是來自一個人的外表或身材，而是來自于了解自己和發(fā)展自己的才能。

1. to show不定式做目的狀語，故用to show。

2. which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句用which。

3. an 表示實現(xiàn)“一個”難以實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。

4. stars從such as所舉的例子，或者謂語動詞are可知，主語用復(fù)數(shù)。

5. of因lack of sth為固定搭配，意為“缺乏某物”。

6. explains主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，由上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填explains。

7. appearance做介詞的賓語或在所有格后，要用名詞。

8. yourself因know oneself意為“了解自己”。

9. spending動名詞短語做主語。

10. brighter由than any hair， skin， or teeth可知要用比較級。

（八）本文分析了導(dǎo)致大學(xué)生經(jīng)常無法得到充足睡眠的原因，并指出睡眠不足會導(dǎo)致生理和心理上的健康問題，而充足睡眠有助于提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率。

1. why引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句不缺任何成分，先行詞是reasons，故用why。

2. freedom 做賓語用名詞。

3. days與nights并列，也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。

4. with表示“與某人共度時光”應(yīng)用介詞with。

5. an 表示職業(yè)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前通常加不定冠詞;又因assistant是元音音素開頭，故填an。

6. were與seemed并列，用一般過去時;主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填were。

7. caused因句中已有謂語動詞needs， 所以cause此處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，又因problems與cause是被動關(guān)系，加之有by的提示，可知用過去分詞短語做后置定語，故填caused。

8. controlling 與前面的focusing為并列關(guān)系;根據(jù)“并列一致”可知，也應(yīng)用-ing形式，故填controlling。

9. healthy此處stay為系動詞，后接形容詞做表語。

10. better由前面的more可知此處進(jìn)行比較，故用比較級。

（九）本文主要介紹了英格蘭西南部的旅游景點。

1. which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which。

2. are主語regions是復(fù)數(shù)，由上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填are。

3. the由其后面的“sunniest”可知，這里是最高級，其前面通常用the。

4. was voted因Dartmoor National Park與vote是被動關(guān)系;再由時間狀語in 2016可知，用一般過去時，故填was voted。

5. to discover因lead sb to do sth為固定搭配，意為“引領(lǐng)某人做某事”。

6. beaches前有plenty of修飾，故要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

7. slightly修飾形容詞cooler應(yīng)用副詞。

8. beautiful修飾名詞nature應(yīng)用形容詞。

9. and因cafes與pubs是并列關(guān)系，故填and。

10. relaxing令人放松的夏日午后，修飾的是事物，故用relaxing。

（十）本文主要講了中藥的由來及對人們的貢獻(xiàn)。

1. for表示某個動詞或狀態(tài)延續(xù)了多久，用“for +時間段”。

2. who/that 引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中做主語，先行詞是emperors。

3. is此處在陳述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填is。

4. is regarded因Shen Nong與regard是被動關(guān)系，故填is regarded。句意：神農(nóng)氏至今仍被視為中草藥的創(chuàng)始人。

5. plants前有various kinds of修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

6. earliest跟most important并列，一起做record的定語。

7. contribution做動詞made的賓語應(yīng)用名詞。

8. the特指中華人民共和國的成立。

9. making因句中已有謂語動中has attached了，make應(yīng)為非謂語動詞;又因the Chinese government與make是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

10. widely修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞形式。

（十一）本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)代美國兩種的父母的育兒方式。

1. be shaped因主語his or her child與謂語動詞shape之間是被動關(guān)系，且位于情態(tài)動詞后面，故應(yīng)填be shaped。

2. to turn 因have the ability to do sth為固定搭配，意為“有能力做某事”。

3. which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句用which。

4. researching因spend ...（in）doing sth.為固定句型，意為“花費……做某事”。

5. on/upon因focus on/upon為固定搭配。

6. anxious與tense和unhappy并列，一起做become的表語。

7. themselves? 因reflect on oneself表示“反思自己”。

8. children前有these修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

9. the因world（世界）是獨一無二的東西，前常加定冠詞the。

10. less 此處為“the+比較級，the+比較級”句型。

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