書面表達(dá)高分要領(lǐng)

王琴芳

書面表達(dá)是英語試卷的壓軸題目，也是區(qū)分度很好的一個題目。很多考生都想在書面表達(dá)上奪取高分，但是心有余而力不足。做到以下幾點，可以讓閱卷老師更青睞你的作文，為你的作文贏得高分。

一、審題要嚴(yán)、定調(diào)要準(zhǔn)

讀完題目要求，首先要做到嚴(yán)密審題。分析文章的體裁。因為什么體裁的作文就有什么寫作要求和格式，如記敘文、議論文、說明文等，或者是什么應(yīng)用文（日記、書信、留言條、新聞報道、發(fā)言稿等）。體裁明確以后，就要對文章定調(diào)，如人稱、時態(tài)及內(nèi)容。只要在體裁、題材、人稱、時態(tài)準(zhǔn)確無誤的情況下，寫出來的作文才不會離題。

二、詞匯要美、妙語要多

一份高考作文在閱卷時往往在一分鐘之內(nèi)就能斷定生死。大眾化詞匯、平庸的表達(dá)已經(jīng)使長時間工作的閱卷老師產(chǎn)生了視覺疲勞。如果一篇作文中突然出現(xiàn)幾個與眾不同、讓人眼睛一亮的詞匯，老師一定會很大方地給你高分。例如：

1.今年初春我們省大部分地區(qū)下了一場大雪。

Early this spring，a heavy snow happened in most parts of our province.

Early this spring，a heavy snow blanketed most parts of our province.

第二句用blanket“席卷”不僅強調(diào)了范圍，同時形象具體，比第一句更好。

2.請幫助我預(yù)定旅館。

Please help me book a hotel.

Would you please do me a favor to book a hotel？

第二句用了成語do me a favor，同時也有了疑問句，更顯得禮貌、委婉、上檔次。

3.我的家鄉(xiāng)正在修一條新的鐵路。

A new railway is being built in my hometown.

A new railway is under construction in my hometown.

第二段使用了介詞短語，使句子更高級。

即興練習(xí)：請用其他詞匯替換下列各句劃線部分。

1.Global warming will surely affect the earth's climate and plants and animals.

Global warming will surely________ ________ ________ ________the earth's climate________ ________ ________plants and animals.

2.On the other side lies another 6-storyed building—our library.

One the other side________another 6-storyed building—our library.

3.He would rather not go to see the film.But he stayed at home，studying.

He would rather not go to see the film.________，he stayed at home，studying.

Key：1.has an effect on；as well as 2.stands 3.Instead

三、句式要變、句子要高

句式單一、缺乏生氣的文章，哪怕無任何錯誤也不可能得高分。寫作時應(yīng)在合適的地方多運用一些復(fù)合句、復(fù)雜句、固定句型或諺語等，讓文章讀起來抑揚頓挫、朗朗上口。這樣學(xué)生深厚的語言功底也得以體現(xiàn)。例如：

1.五點了，我們要走了。

It was five o'clock.We must be off.

How time flies！It was five o'clock.We had to say goodbye.

第二句用了一個感嘆句，同時后面還用了詞匯had to。句式多變，同時體現(xiàn)了作者依依不舍的心里。

2.快遞太快了。我一周內(nèi)就收到字典了。

The delivery was fast.I received my dictionary within one week.

The delivery was so fast that I received my dictionary within one week.

第二句使用了so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，比上句更緊湊、大氣。

3.當(dāng)我翻字典時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的10頁是黑的。

When I looked through the dictionary，I found there were 10 pages which were black.

When looking through the dictionary，I found as many as 10 pages were black.

第一句使用了三個復(fù)合句，顯得很累贅，而第二句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語做狀語，并與從句中的定語從句也換成了簡單句，更顯得簡潔明快。

即興練習(xí)：請按要求改寫下列各句。

1.I was wondering if we could meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.（用if條件句，同時出現(xiàn)convenient）______________________________，let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.endprint

2.Our library is in the corner of the school.There is a beautiful garden in front of it and our classroom building behind it.（使用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，變成一個復(fù)雜句。）

Our library is in the corner of the school，______________________________.

3.It was quite an experience for us both.I will never forget for the rest of my life.（用定語從句）

It was quite an experience for us both，______________________________.

Keys：1.If it is convenient to you

2.with a beautiful garden in front of it and our classroom building behind it.

3.which I'll never forget for the rest of my life.

四、銜接要巧、過渡要妙

文章的另一大亮點是正確使用過渡性詞匯及短語，上下句連貫、緊湊，從而使得全文條理清楚，層次分明、論證嚴(yán)密，增加了文章的可讀性。

首先請看下面短文：

Yesterday I got up at 7：00.I got dressed and washed myself quickly.I rushed into the kitchen.

My mother was preparing breakfast.I had my breakfast at 7：30.I got on my bike and went to school.

這篇短文“形”是散的，一個個句子如一粒粒珍珠一樣，只是松散地放在一起，只有用一條線把這些珍珠串連起來，才能變成一條美麗的項鏈，那么恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡性詞匯、副詞及連詞就如這條線一樣，是句與句、段與段之間有效連接，給人的感覺就不一樣。上段可改為：

Yesterday I got up at 7：00.Then I got dressed and washed myself quickly and rushed into the kitchen，where my mother was preparing breakfast.Later，I had my breakfast at 7：30.After that， I got on my bike and went to school.

通過上面的例子我們可以得出結(jié)論：過渡性詞匯可以用來對句與句、段與段之間進行自然過渡和連接，它可以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)對稱和諧，文章層次分明，邏輯性更加嚴(yán)密，可讀性更強。

即興練習(xí)：說出下面此篇文章序號連接詞表示的邏輯關(guān)系：

Our class had a heated discussion about whether exams are good or bad.The results are①as follows.

Many students think exams are necessary for students.②Firstly，they can tell us how much students have learned and what their strong points and weak points are in their studies.③Therefore，the proper exams are useful to the students' further studies.④In addition，they are also helpful to the teachers.The teachers can get to know clearly what their problems are.⑤So they can get to improve their teaching methods.⑥However，if there are too many exams，they will do more harm than good to the students.The exams will become a heavy burden on the students.⑦Sooner or later the students will get tired of them and lose interest in studying.⑧In a word，⑨in my opinion，exams are necessary，⑩but too many are not good.?Thus.we should reduce unnecessary exams.

Key：

①表示舉例、列舉；②和⑦表示順序或次序；③、⑤和?表示因果；④表示遞進或強調(diào)；⑥和⑩表示轉(zhuǎn)折；⑧表示總結(jié)；⑨表示觀點

五、檢查要細(xì)、心中有譜

作文寫完后，一定要認(rèn)真檢查一遍，看看有沒有要點遺漏或者有無語法、單詞拼寫錯誤，或者是否需要改，然后認(rèn)真謄寫在規(guī)定的答題卡之內(nèi)，方可完成。

只要做到以上幾點，就可占領(lǐng)作文高分制高點。endprint