中藥保健品是中藥走向世界的主體

呂圭源（中國(guó)藥理學(xué)會(huì)常務(wù)理事，中國(guó)藥理學(xué)會(huì)中藥藥理專業(yè)委員會(huì)副主任委員，浙江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)現(xiàn)代中藥與健康產(chǎn)品研究所教授、所長(zhǎng)，主要從事中藥抗高血壓藥、代謝藥理和中藥新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)研究。）

1 非感染性疾病的主體性【Main body of noninfectious diseases】

多項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，成人高血壓患病率約為30%，有的國(guó)家更高，并還在繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，且最近高血壓診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下移，高血壓患者大増。高血壓又可引發(fā)心腦血管疾?。ê氖曳屎窦靶乃?、主動(dòng)脈夾層動(dòng)脈瘤等）、眼底視網(wǎng)膜病變及腎病等。我國(guó)糖尿病發(fā)病率約為11.6%，城市居民發(fā)病率高達(dá)14.3%，總?cè)藬?shù)超過1億；又可引起高血酮、酮尿、脫水、電解質(zhì)紊亂和代謝性酸中毒，嚴(yán)重者可導(dǎo)致昏迷，甚至危及生命。我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民的超重、肥胖率分別為33.6%和11.9%；肥胖對(duì)人體健康也可造成威脅。高尿酸血癥患病率＞10%，是心腦血管病發(fā)病的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素，也是引起腎結(jié)石和尿路結(jié)石的重要因素，更是痛風(fēng)的直接原因。1091例空腹血液標(biāo)本血流變測(cè)定血液黏度升高占22.73%，血液黏稠，流速減慢可導(dǎo)致心肌缺血、腦血栓和肢體血管血栓等疾病。免疫力低下者會(huì)感到疲倦，易感冒，容易感染，易患癌癥，腸胃功能下降及舊病容易復(fù)發(fā)等。我國(guó)亞健康人群比例為60%～70%，且多數(shù)為腦力勞動(dòng)者。腫瘤、抑郁癥、失眠和老年病等的發(fā)病率均快速 增 加 ?！続 number of survey results have showed thatthe incidence ofhypertension among adults is about 30%,and is higher in some countries and keeps increasing.With the recent decline in the diagnostic criteria for hyper?tension,the number of hypertension patients has increased a lot.Hypertension can also lead to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases(including ventricular hypertrophy,heart failure,aortic dissection aneu?rysm),retinopathy,and kidney diseases.The inci?dence of diabetes is about 11.6%,but as high as 14.3%among urban residents,and the total num?ber of diabetic patients exceeds 100 million in China.It can also cause hyperketonemia,phenyl?ketonuria,dehydration,electrolyte imbalance and metabolic acidosis,coma and even lifethreatening diseases under severe conditions.The overweight and obesity rates of urban and rural residents in China are 33.6%and 11.9%,respectively.Obesity can also pose a threat to human health.The incidence of hyperuricemia exceeds 10%,which is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.It is also an important factor causing kidney stones and urinary tract stones,and is the direct cause of gout.22.73%of the 1091 cases of blood samples for blood rheology had an increased blood viscosity.Increased blood viscosity and slow flow of blood can lead to myocardial ischemia,cerebral throm?bosis,and limb vascular thrombosis and other diseases.People with weakened immune systems are vulnerable to fatigue,cold,infection,cancer,stomach delicacy,and a relapse.The proportion of sub-health population in China is 60%-70%,and most of them are mental workers.The inci?dence of cancer,depression,insomnia,and geri?atric diseases is rapidly increasing.】

2 現(xiàn)代藥物對(duì)非感染性疾病治療或預(yù)防的局限性【Limitations of modern drugs for treatment or prevention of non-infectious diseases】

國(guó)內(nèi)外最有效的降壓藥治療高血壓，從開始用1種藥物到最后用4種藥物，有的患者還未能完全控制，且需要終身用藥。糖尿病也是終身用藥。高脂血癥也是長(zhǎng)期用藥。肥胖、高尿酸血癥和高黏血癥等目前尚未有較好治療藥物。惡性腫瘤的藥物治療越來越受到爭(zhēng)議，品牌藥物無效不斷被發(fā)現(xiàn)，治療效果非常有限，有人還認(rèn)為基本無效或毒性為主，總之，惡性腫瘤的治療極為困難。抑郁癥、失眠和老年病等藥物治療也很不理想。免疫力低下、亞健康或身體不適等更無合適藥物可用。因此，通過調(diào)整機(jī)體功能，減少疾病發(fā)生發(fā)展或維持機(jī)體健康狀態(tài)，提高機(jī)體的舒適度已成為全人類的迫切要求。國(guó)外大量使用的維生素、礦物質(zhì)類產(chǎn)品，主要是補(bǔ)充維生素和礦物質(zhì)，未能產(chǎn)生中藥具有的保健功能。【Despite the most effective antihyperten?sive drugs at home and abroad for hypertension,with one drug used at first to four drugs combined eventually,some patients fail to fully controll,and their symptoms require lifelong medication.Diabetes also need lifelong medication.Hyperlip?idemia also needs long-term medication.There are no better drugs for obesity,hyperuricemia or hyperviscosity.Drug treatment of malignant tumors is increasingly controversial,ineffective branded drugs continue to be available,and the therapeutic effect is very limited,so that some people think that they are ineffective or toxic.In short,the treatment of malignant tumors is extremely diffi?cult.The effects of drug treatment of depression,insomnia and other aging diseases are also not desirable.There are no proper drugs for poor immunity,sub-health and physical discomfort.Therefore,adjusting the function of the body to reduce the occurrence of disease development or maintaining the body′s health status to improve the body′s comfort has become an urgent need of all mankind.Vitamins and mineral products that are widely used abroad are mainly supple?ments of vitamins and minerals and fail to produce the health care functions of TCM.】

3 中藥保健特點(diǎn)與保健功能優(yōu)勢(shì)【Health-care features and health advantages of traditional Chinese medicine】

中藥在中醫(yī)藥理論指導(dǎo)下應(yīng)用，對(duì)某些疾病或疾病的某個(gè)階段具有非常獨(dú)特的療效，這被長(zhǎng)期醫(yī)療實(shí)踐證明，已成為醫(yī)生和患者的共識(shí)，特別是高水平現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)（西）醫(yī)生的共識(shí)。按照現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的認(rèn)識(shí)過程，中藥藥效物質(zhì)不清，作用機(jī)制不明，但中藥確能治好病，確有很好的保健功能。請(qǐng)問是治好病或產(chǎn)生明顯保健功能重要呢？還是先按照現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的認(rèn)識(shí)過程去認(rèn)識(shí)它重要呢？我想我們首先要解決問題，解決治療和保健問題，發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有的治療和保健功能，提高民眾健康水平；并應(yīng)該有民族自信，對(duì)我們自主的有價(jià)值的傳統(tǒng)成果必須堅(jiān)持、必須發(fā)揚(yáng)光大。外國(guó)人聽不懂或不想聽都沒有關(guān)系，中醫(yī)藥的保健功能及產(chǎn)品客觀上已經(jīng)超過國(guó)外。中藥藥效物質(zhì)和作用機(jī)制是否需要按現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的要求去搞清楚，很值得深入思考；一個(gè)本來就安全有用的物質(zhì)，非要加一個(gè)國(guó)外認(rèn)可的說法才可用嗎？！按照這樣的思路和方法去做有可能搞清楚嗎？！至少在目前尚未搞清楚的階段，仍有重大的使用價(jià)值。把中藥有重點(diǎn)分階段進(jìn)行研究應(yīng)該更合理，即先重點(diǎn)開展應(yīng)用階段的深入研究，對(duì)有實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品再進(jìn)行深入的基礎(chǔ)理論研究?！綯he application of TCM under the guidance of Chinese medicine theory has a very unique effect on certain diseases or stages of disease,which has been proved by long-term medical practice and has become the consensus of doctors and patients,especially of high-level modern medical(western)doctors.In accordance with the understanding process of modern medicine,TCM drug substances are unclear,the mecha?nism of action is unknown,but it can really cure the disease and perform good health care func?tion.To cure the disease and deliver obvious health care function,or to fit in with the under?standing of modern medicine to learn about it,which is more important?I think we must first solve the problems of treatment and health care,give full play to its proper treatment and health care functions and improve people′s health status.We should also have national confidence.We must uphold our traditions and valuable traditional achievements and carry them forward.Whether foreigners can understand or want to listen does not matter,health care function and products of TCM have surpassed those of foreign countries objectively.Whether it is worthwhile to clarify TCM effective substances and mechanism according to the requirements of modern medicine needs to be taken into serious consideration.Why do people use a safe and useful substance only after getting foreign recognition?It is impos?sible to make everything clear in accordance with this idea and method!TCM still has significant use value,although it has not been elucidated yet.It is more reasonable to focus on the phase-byphase study of TCM,that is,we should first conduct in-depth research on the application phase and conduct further basic theoretical research on products of practical application value.】

中藥基本通過調(diào)整整體功能發(fā)揮治病療效，同樣也通過補(bǔ)益等作用調(diào)整整體功能而發(fā)揮保健作用，這與維生素和礦物質(zhì)等營(yíng)養(yǎng)素補(bǔ)充劑發(fā)揮單一營(yíng)養(yǎng)素補(bǔ)充作用有非常顯著差異，即具有顯著特色或優(yōu)勢(shì)。中藥的養(yǎng)生保健作用主要有以下幾方面：①預(yù)防保?。褐嗅t(yī)防治疾病的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)是“上工治未病”，即最好的醫(yī)生是幫助需要者養(yǎng)生保健。如《內(nèi)經(jīng)》所言：“正氣存內(nèi)，邪不可干”。早在一千多年前，就有用動(dòng)物肝預(yù)防夜盲癥，用海帶預(yù)防甲狀腺腫大，用谷皮和麥麩預(yù)防腳氣病，用蔥白和生姜預(yù)防感冒，服桑葚水煎膏具有滋補(bǔ)肝腎、耳聰目明之功能等?，F(xiàn)代研究也充分證實(shí)或?qū)⒈蛔C實(shí)中醫(yī)藥所述食物預(yù)防保健作用的科學(xué)道理。②滋補(bǔ)保?。褐嗅t(yī)藥滋補(bǔ)包括平補(bǔ)、清補(bǔ)、溫補(bǔ)、峻補(bǔ)等，通過益精、補(bǔ)氣、養(yǎng)血及調(diào)補(bǔ)臟腑虛損達(dá)到補(bǔ)充正氣、增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)的目的。如正心丸用于心虛血少，心神不寧之證；用食料包括鴨、雞、豬、魚肉、蔬菜、豆制品、綠豆、瓜類蔬菜和水果、綠豆粥、扁豆粥、荷葉粥、薄荷粥、枸杞子、百合、玉竹、黃精、蓮子、山藥等滋陰清熱或藥性平和之品，即所謂“清滋法”；溫補(bǔ)如脾胃虛寒用理中湯，腎氣虛寒用右歸丸等。③延緩衰老：中醫(yī)通過飲食調(diào)理而產(chǎn)生延緩衰老功能，如人參，味甘微苦，性溫?！侗窘?jīng)》謂其：“主補(bǔ)五勝，安精神”，“明目開心益智，久服輕身延年”。茯苓，味甘淡、性平?！侗窘?jīng)》謂其：“久服安魂養(yǎng)神，不饑延年”。龍眼肉，味甘，性溫。《本經(jīng)》謂其：“久服強(qiáng)魂聰明，輕身不老”；枸杞子，味甘，性平?！侗窘?jīng)》謂其：“久服堅(jiān)筋骨，輕身不老”。白術(shù)補(bǔ)脾，益胃，燥濕，和中，安胎，《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》云，味苦性溫，主風(fēng)寒濕痹死肌，痙疸，止汗，除熱，消食，作煎餌。久服輕身延年，不饑?！綯CM basically exerts its curative effect by adjusting the function of the body as a whole,and also adjusts this function through the tonic effect,which plays a role of health care.There is very significant difference between TCM and the single nutrient supplement such as vitamins and minerals.The former has significant features or advantages.Health care of TCM has the following features.①Preventive care:a notable feature of prevention and treatment of TCM is"preventive treatment of diseases that have not occurred",that is,the best doctor is to help those in need of health care.As the"Neijing"says,if upright within,evil cannot disturb you.As early as more than a thousand years ago,there was prevention of night blindness with the animal liver,prevention of goiter with kelp,prevention of beriberi with millet skin and wheat bran,prevention of colds with scallion and ginger,mulberry water decoction that can nourish the liver and kidney,improve hearing and vision and so on.Modern research has also fully confirmed or will prove the scientific truth of the role of TCM in the preven?tion of health care.②Nourishing health care:TCM tonic,including gentle tonic,clear-up tonic,warming tonic,and strong tonic,restores the nourishing vital energy and enhances physical fitness by improving the essence,supplementing the spirit,nourishing blood,adjusting and mending viscera.Zhengxinpills are used for a weak heart,blood deficiency,and uneasy feeling.Gentle foods which can nourish and cool include ducks,chickens,pigs,fish,vegetables,soy products,mung beans,melons vegetables and fruits,mung bean porridge,lentils porridge,lotus leaf porridge,Rhi?zoma Polygonati,wolfberry,lily,Polygonatum,lotus seed,and yam,which are regarded as"purifica?tion purgation dispersion tonicity".Lizhong Tangis used for spleen and stomach deficiency andYouguipills for kidney spirit deficiency.③Antiaging:TCM delays aging by adjusting diet.For instance,ginseng,sweet slightly bitter and natu?rally warm,is recorded inShenNong′sHerbal Classicas"a drug that mainly complements five viscera and brings tranquility","benefits eyesight,increase body life after long use".Poria,which tastes sweet,and feels mild,is recorded inShenNong′s Herbal Classicas"able to keep one energetic peaceful and healthy if used for a long time".Longyanfruit,which tastes sweet and feels mild,is recorded inShenNong′s Herbal Classicas"capable of bringing peace and energy after long use".Wolfberry,sweetand mild,is recorded inShenNong′s Herbal Classicas"able to build strong bones and lighten the body".Atractylodes,which can nourish the spleen and stomach,drive away dampness,balance the essence,and stabilize the fetus,is recorded to be bitter and mild,and able to be to treat cold dampness to dead muscle,jaundice,antiperspirant,clear heat,digestion,and to extend life expectancy after long-term use as recorded inShenNong′s Herbal Classic.】

中藥通過其獨(dú)特的功效可產(chǎn)生預(yù)防保健、滋補(bǔ)保健、延緩衰老保健作用，具有領(lǐng)先的傳統(tǒng)功能、顯著的現(xiàn)代功能和潛在的保健食品新功能顯示其優(yōu)勢(shì)，通過進(jìn)一步的現(xiàn)代研究，對(duì)人體健康和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展將產(chǎn)生巨大貢獻(xiàn)?！綯CM,through its unique efficacy,contributes to preventive health care,nourishing health care and anti-aging health care.It has leading traditional functions,signifi?cant modern functions and potential health food functions to show its advantages.Through further modern research,it will make tremen?dous contributions to human health and industrial development.】

4 中藥保健功能的優(yōu)勢(shì)研究【Study on healthcare function advantages of traditional Chinese medicine】

現(xiàn)有保健食品品種多，但大多數(shù)品種生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小、技術(shù)含量低，可能也有一些品種保健功能不可靠，造成產(chǎn)品生存周期短，生存能力差。中藥雖具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)特色，但中藥保健食品的優(yōu)勢(shì)特色多數(shù)尚未展示；市場(chǎng)期盼新的保健功能食品，需要加強(qiáng)應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究，加快新功能保健食品研發(fā)。這些已成為中藥保健食品研究的當(dāng)務(wù)之急?！綯here are many types of existing health food products,but most of them have a small scale of production and low technical contents.It is possible that some health functions of health products are unreliable,resulting in short product life cycles and poor survivability.Although TCM has obvious advantages,most of the advantages of TCM health foods have not yet been demonstrated.The market calls for new health-care functional foods,so we need to step up application of basic research and accelerate the development of new functional health foods.These have become the top priority of Chinese health food research.】

4.1 現(xiàn)有功能的可靠性研究【Reliability study on existing functions】

現(xiàn)有保健食品批準(zhǔn)生產(chǎn)的文號(hào)已10 000多個(gè)，但有些保健食品功能較弱，或不可靠，或甚至個(gè)別基本無保健功能，迫切需要加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品功能可靠性研究。保健食品功能可靠性研究，包括配方原料的功能研究、文獻(xiàn)資料系統(tǒng)分析、配方組成研究、工藝與功能相關(guān)性研究、產(chǎn)品功能研究等。研制單位應(yīng)自行開展基礎(chǔ)研究和人體試驗(yàn)，其試驗(yàn)要求應(yīng)該超過功能學(xué)試驗(yàn)規(guī)范要求的內(nèi)容，如增加動(dòng)物模型和指標(biāo)等；研究時(shí)還應(yīng)多參考中藥藥理學(xué)研究方法和要求，選擇或建立適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)物模型研究，且開展重復(fù)的功能學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn)，再開展適當(dāng)?shù)墓δ軐W(xué)機(jī)制研究和功能因子研究，以保證保健食品功能的可靠性?！綯here have been more than 10 000 approval numbers ofhealth foods thathave been approved,but some health food functions are weak or unreliable,or even some have few health care effects,which is why there is an urgent need to strengthen product function reliability study.The study on the functional reliability of health foods includes functional study on raw materials,systematic analysis of literature,study on formulation of components,study on the correla?tionsbetween technologyand function,and study on product function.Research institutes and manufacturers should carry out basic research and human experiments on its own and their test requirements should exceed those required by functional test norms,such as increasing the animal models and indicators.In the research,more refer?ence about methods and requirements of TCM pharmacology should be made,select or establish appropriate animal model research,and carry out repeated functional evaluation experiments,and then carry out appropriate functional mecha?nism research and functional factor research to ensure the functional reliability of health foods.】

4.2 現(xiàn)有功能的特色研究【Study on features of existing functions】

中藥具有非常豐富的功效，如人參，2015年版《中華人民共和國(guó)藥典》一部記載，其功效為“大補(bǔ)元?dú)?，?fù)脈固脫，補(bǔ)脾益肺，生津，安神”；《本經(jīng)》記載，“久服安魂養(yǎng)神，不饑延年”，人參還有降逆止嘔功能。白術(shù)補(bǔ)脾，益胃，燥濕，和中，安胎；《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》云，味苦性溫，主風(fēng)寒濕痹死肌，痙疸，止汗，除熱，消食，作煎餌，久服輕身延年，不饑。而現(xiàn)有保健食品一般只是利用其某個(gè)功效或某個(gè)藥理作用，需要對(duì)其功能特色進(jìn)行深入研究。【TCM has diversified effects.For example,ginseng,according to theChinese Pharmacopoeia 2015,has the efficacy of"reinforceing vital energy,benefiting the spleen and lung,promoting the secretion of saliva or body fluid,and calming the nerves".ShenNong′s Herbal Classicrecords that it leads to good health and prolongs life expectancy if taken for a long time.Ginseng can also stop vomiting.Atractylodes,which can nourish the spleen and stomach,drive away dampness,balance the essence,stabilize the fetus,is recorded to be bitter in taste and mild in nature,abe to treat cold dampness to dead muscle,jaundice,antiperspirant,clear heat,and digestion,extend life expectancy after long-term use and not hungry inShenNong′s Herbal Classic.However,the existing health food generally only utilizes one particular effect or one particular pharmacological effect,making it necessary to further study the functional characteristics.】

中藥的功能特色可表現(xiàn)在2個(gè)方面，一是功能比較顯著，另一個(gè)是多個(gè)功能同時(shí)存在。通過多個(gè)方法或模型的規(guī)范試驗(yàn)和重復(fù)試驗(yàn)，使保健功能可靠；同時(shí)，進(jìn)一步開展功能比較試驗(yàn)，使獲得的功能更加顯著。中藥又由于其成分復(fù)雜，可同時(shí)產(chǎn)生多個(gè)功能，如具有輔助降血壓功能的產(chǎn)品，其可能同時(shí)存在降血脂、降血糖、降血黏度等功效?？梢詫?duì)同一產(chǎn)品開展相關(guān)的多個(gè)功能學(xué)研究，若能證明某個(gè)產(chǎn)品確實(shí)存在3個(gè)功能，若批準(zhǔn)的是1個(gè)功能，另外2個(gè)功能是該產(chǎn)品的特色；若批準(zhǔn)的是2個(gè)功能，另外1個(gè)功能是該產(chǎn)品的特色；假如3個(gè)功能均被批準(zhǔn)了，也是該產(chǎn)品的特色，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)產(chǎn)品具有3個(gè)功能，對(duì)具有3個(gè)相關(guān)功能異常的人群使用更合適。另外，還可進(jìn)一步開展功能機(jī)制和功能因子研究。【The functional characteristics of TCM can be manifested in two aspects:one is its significant function,and the other is its multiple functions.Through standardized testing and repeated testing of multiple methods or models,the healthcare function is reliable.At the same time,further func?tional comparison tests are conducted to make the obtained functions more significant or powerful.TCM,because of its complex composition,can produce multiple functions at the same time,such as products with auxiliary blood pressure lowering function,which may induce hypolipid?emia,hypoglycemia,hypoproteinemia and other effects at the same time.We can conduct studies on different functions of one product.If you can prove that a product does have three functions,and one of these functions is approved,the other two are the characteristics of the product.If two functions are approved,the other one is the product′s feature.If three functions are approved,they are all the characteristics of the product.Because the product has three functions,it can be more appropriately used by populations abnormal in these three related functions.In addition,func?tional mechanisms and functional studies can be further developed.】

4.3 新保健功能產(chǎn)品研究【Study on new healthcare products】

目前批準(zhǔn)保健食品功能最多27個(gè)功能，但人體功能異常遠(yuǎn)不止這27種情況，社會(huì)期盼更多的保健功能產(chǎn)品，即新保健功能產(chǎn)品。新的保健食品功能學(xué)研究，目前尚未確定規(guī)范的研究方法和評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。開展這項(xiàng)工作，首先要選擇、確定或建立研究方法，并制定評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有較詳細(xì)指標(biāo)，利于實(shí)際操作。同時(shí)，該方法和評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還需審評(píng)專家和具體管理部門認(rèn)可。【The number of health food functions currently approved is up to 27,but cases of body abnormalities are far more than 27 kinds,so society looks forward to more healthcare products,that is,new health care products.Research methods and evaluation criteria have not been stipulated about new health food func?tional studies so far.To carry out this work,we must first select,determine or establish a research method,and develop evaluation criteria.The criteria have more detailed indicators,which is conducive to the actual operation.At the same time,the method and evaluation criteria still need to be approved by experts and specific management departments.】

如降高尿酸血癥保健功能，先應(yīng)選取或確定動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究方法，包括制備高尿酸血癥動(dòng)物模型的方法（一般需要2種模型動(dòng)物）、動(dòng)物給藥時(shí)間、測(cè)定指標(biāo)和有效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。降尿酸研究還應(yīng)有人體試驗(yàn)，受試人群的選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、產(chǎn)品的食用方法和食用量、檢測(cè)指標(biāo)、評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等?！綢f you want to study the health care function of uric acid reduction,you should choose or confirm the research method of animal experiments,including the method of preparing animal models of hyperuricaemia(usually needs two kinds of model animal),animal admin?istration time,measurement index,and effective standard.Study on uric acid reduction should include human test,the test population selection criteria,product consumption methods and consump?tion amount,test indicators,and evaluation criteria.】

4.4 產(chǎn)品工藝技術(shù)研究【Studyonproducttechnology】

中藥是復(fù)合多成分發(fā)揮作用或功能，又由于炮制或配伍可以改變藥性或功效，充分利用中藥有效物質(zhì)或功能因子是中藥保健食品研究的功能基礎(chǔ)，也是充分利用中藥資源、發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢(shì)，并與世界接軌或領(lǐng)先的關(guān)鍵所在。應(yīng)用中藥制藥研究領(lǐng)域的新技術(shù)，形成保健食品生產(chǎn)控制的數(shù)字化和智能化模式以保障產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量，從而保證產(chǎn)品的功能和安全性?！綯CM works with multi-component com?pounds.Because processing or compatibility can change the potency or efficacy of drugs,making full use of effective substances or functional factors of TCM is the functional basis of health food research.It is also the key to making full use of TCM resources,giving full play to advantages,and integrating with the world to reach the leading level.The application of new technologies in the field of TCM research entails the formation of digital and intelligent mode of health food production and control to ensure product quality,thus ensuring the function and safety of products.】

中藥保健食品雖然有片、粒、囊、糕、液等口服劑型，但仍需有明顯食品屬性，如具有色、香、味、形、體的特征，以滿足人們對(duì)食品口感、觀感和風(fēng)味的需求。但目前市場(chǎng)上流行仍主要是片劑、膠囊和口服液等，其他劑型、包括食品形式茶、酒、餅、面、飯、粥、羹、飲、膏、丸、散、糕點(diǎn)、菜肴、蜜餞、糖果等，也可作為保健食品的劑型。因此，需充分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)，針對(duì)保健食品產(chǎn)品形式和中藥原料的特點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)保健食品原料提取和成型工藝研究，研發(fā)功能因子相對(duì)清楚、中藥成分被充分應(yīng)用，且保健功能突出，優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯的中藥保健食品，滿足消費(fèi)者的實(shí)際需求，提高中藥保健食品的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，并推動(dòng)產(chǎn)品走向國(guó)際?！続lthough there are tablets,granules,capsules,cakes,liquids and other oral dosage forms,TCM health food products still have obvious food attributes such as color,aroma,taste,shape and body to meet people′s taste,perception and flavor demand.However,the market is still dominated by tablets,capsules and oral liquids.Other dosage forms and food forms,including tea,wine,cakes,noodles,rice,porridge,soup,drink,ointment,pills,powder,cakes,dishes,preserves and candies can also be used as health food formulations.Therefore,it is necessary to make full use of modern science and technology,strengthen the research on raw material extraction and shaping technology of health food according to the forms of health food products and characteristics of raw materials of TCMs.Research and develop professional TCM health foods whose functional factors are rela?tively clear,ingredients of TCM are fully used,health care functions are outstanding,advantages are obvious to meet the actual needs of consumers and improve the market competitiveness of TCM health food products and promote products to become international.】

5 結(jié)語【Conclusion】

中藥保健食品有顯著的功能優(yōu)勢(shì)，通過深入研究可以研制出更多的特色產(chǎn)品，并用現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)和理論闡述其優(yōu)勢(shì)特色，對(duì)國(guó)人的身體健康將產(chǎn)生前所未有的重大作用，對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大推動(dòng)作用?！綯CM health foods have significant func?tional advantages.Through in-depth study,more special products can be developed.If the advan?tages and characteristics are expounded with modern scientific technology and theory,it will exert an unprecedented significant effect on the health of people and serve as a powerful force behind the economic development of the industry.】

由于展示的是功能特色，表現(xiàn)出來的是民眾健康水平的提高，見到的是健康指標(biāo)的趨好，如免疫力提高、睡眠改善、血壓下降或維穩(wěn)、性功能提高、更年期延后、尿酸下降等；同時(shí)，也有現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)理論的表述，適應(yīng)不同人群的健康需求，必將受到國(guó)外人群大力追求，產(chǎn)品自然走向世界，并成為中藥走向世界的主體。使中藥及其保健食品為人類健康和產(chǎn)業(yè)大發(fā)展作出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。【Due to the display of functional characteristics,demonstrated by the improvement of public health is demonstrated,and increasinglybetterhealth indicatorsare seen,such as improved immunity,sleep improve?ment,lowering blood pressure or stability mainte?nance,improved sexual function,delayed meno?pause and decreased uric acid and soon.Simul?taneously,modern medical theory is adapting to the health needs of different populations,so TCM products will be vigorously pursued by foreign people and recognized by the world and become the main body of TCM proceeding to the world.TCM and its health foods will make a significant contribution to human health and industrial devel?opment.】