英語閱讀填空（七選五）的特點及解題技巧

于海濤++高雅麗

新課標和考試說明對英語閱讀填空（七選五）的要求做出了詳細的說明，為了讓學生更好地了解它，下面我介紹一下英語閱讀填空（七選五）的特點及解題技巧。

一、試題模式

在一段約300詞的短文中留出5個空白句子，對應(yīng)有七個選項，要求同學們根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)，從選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。

二、題型特點

1.重在考查學生準確，深刻地理解一篇文章的能力，對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和文脈，即句與句，段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系的把握。

2.重在考查學生的邏輯思維能力。它不但要求考生具備詞匯、句子、語段、語篇等方面的知識，而且要有辨證，綜合，分析，歸納方面的邏輯思維能力，是閱讀的深層理解。

三、解題技巧

1.通讀全文，抓住主題。拿到文章后，不要急于去做題，而要瀏覽全文，了解作者的觀點和寫作意圖，在有限的時間內(nèi)迅速而準確地把握文章的主題。

2.瀏覽全文，確定體裁，抓住結(jié)構(gòu)。一般說來，記敘文的語言是按時間發(fā)展順序或因果關(guān)系排列的，常用的連接詞有：then， later， after that， soon， after a while， in the end， so， because 等。說明文常采用總-分-總的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，第一段說明要說明的主題，下面幾段多是從不同的角度來說明問題，最后總結(jié)，所以各段之間多是平行關(guān)系，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)舉例說明的現(xiàn)象。議論文先拋出議題，然后從正反兩個方面進行討論，最后得出結(jié)論。新聞體裁的應(yīng)用文首句為主題句，下面展開細節(jié)性的報道。

3.分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。說明文和議論文每段的第一句多是主題句，那么所選句子必須和該段主題一致。分析每一個段落內(nèi)部的層次，真正體會每個句子之間的關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，理清層次。

4.尋找句中標志詞。文章中重復地使用某一詞語或句子，或者用同義詞、同意句表達，這些重復性的內(nèi)容都有助于考生快速、準確地定位選項。

5.代入選項，檢查答案是否合理。將所選答案放回空白處，通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否語義連貫合理、緊扣主題，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。

[2017全國卷Ⅰ]

If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily. Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill?cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36

The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.

I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun?filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead，we had a pop?up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature?loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.

39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently，we bought a twenty?eight?foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built ?in TV set. There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.

40 It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A.This time there was no tent.

B.Things are going to be improved.

C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.

E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.

F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.

G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

答案 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. F 40. Eendprint