吳萬(wàn)波 王曉紅 丁耘峰 張明 邵霞 朱曉偉
·論著·
腫瘤相關(guān)基因Gankyrin在胰腺癌組織中表達(dá)的臨床意義
吳萬(wàn)波 王曉紅 丁耘峰 張明 邵霞 朱曉偉
目的 研究腫瘤相關(guān)基因Gankyrin在胰腺癌組織中表達(dá)的臨床意義。 方法 采用免疫組織化學(xué)染色法檢測(cè)Gankyrin在62例胰腺癌及對(duì)應(yīng)癌旁組織中的表達(dá)情況,分析其與腫瘤病理參數(shù)的相關(guān)性及其對(duì)胰腺癌患者預(yù)后的影響。結(jié)果 胰腺癌及癌旁正常胰腺組織Gankyrin陽(yáng)性表達(dá)率分別為72.5%(45/62)及19.4%(12/62),癌組織的陽(yáng)性表達(dá)率顯著高于癌旁組織,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001)。胰腺癌組織Gankyrin表達(dá)與TNM分期、腫瘤分化及轉(zhuǎn)移相關(guān)(P<0.05),而與患者年齡、性別及腫瘤位置無(wú)關(guān)(P>0.05);Gankyrin陽(yáng)性者的術(shù)后3年生存率為17.8%(8/45),陰性者為41.2%(7/17),Gankyrin陽(yáng)性表達(dá)者術(shù)后生存時(shí)間顯著短于陰性表達(dá)者(P=0.034)。結(jié)論 Gankyrin在胰腺癌組織中高表達(dá),其表達(dá)與患者預(yù)后不良密切相關(guān)。
胰腺腫瘤; 腫瘤分期; 腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移; 預(yù)后; Gankyrin
胰腺癌因其高惡性生物學(xué)行為被稱為“癌中之王”,預(yù)后很差,晚期胰腺癌患者的中位生存期僅8~12個(gè)月,發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移者的中位生存期更短[1]。目前臨床對(duì)胰腺癌診斷主要依賴于影像學(xué)及病灶穿刺病理活檢。雖有血清腫瘤標(biāo)志物CA19-9,但其特異性與敏感性均不能滿足臨床診治要求[2],因此尋找新的腫瘤標(biāo)志物對(duì)提高胰腺癌診治至關(guān)重要。Gankyrin為一種腫瘤相關(guān)基因,在胰腺癌組織中的表達(dá)及意義報(bào)道較少。本研究應(yīng)用免疫組織化學(xué)染色法檢測(cè)胰腺癌組織Gankyrin的表達(dá),探討其臨床意義。
一、標(biāo)本收集
選取2009年6月至2013年9月浙江省湖州市中心醫(yī)院手術(shù)切除并經(jīng)病理證實(shí)的胰腺癌患者62例,術(shù)前均未行放化療。其中男性41例,女性21例, 年齡41~76歲,平均(56±12)歲。根據(jù)美國(guó)癌癥聯(lián)合委員會(huì)(AJCC,2002)的TNM分期,Ⅰ+Ⅱ期29例,Ⅲ+Ⅳ期33例。本研究經(jīng)湖州市中心醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),患者均簽署知情同意書。
二、免疫組織化學(xué)染色法檢測(cè)Gankyrin蛋白表達(dá)
取患者石蠟包埋的胰腺癌及癌旁正常胰腺組織,參考Yuan等[3]的方法行免疫組織化學(xué)染色。小鼠抗人Gankyrin一抗購(gòu)自Santa Cruz公司,工作濃度1∶50,山羊抗小鼠二抗購(gòu)自中杉公司。以細(xì)胞的胞質(zhì)和(或)胞核出現(xiàn)黃色或棕黃色顆粒為陽(yáng)性染色,按著色強(qiáng)度及陽(yáng)性胰腺細(xì)胞比例評(píng)分。著色強(qiáng)度按無(wú)染色、淺黃色、黃色、棕黃色分別計(jì)為0、1、2、3分;按陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞比例,<5%計(jì)0分,5%~25%計(jì)1分,25%~50%計(jì)2分,50%~75%計(jì)3分,>75%計(jì)4分。兩分值相加,≤3判為陰性(-),≥4判為陽(yáng)性(+)。
三、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
采用SPSS 22.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。胰腺癌及癌旁組織Gankyrin表達(dá)差異采用χ2檢驗(yàn);Gankyrin表達(dá)與腫瘤臨床病理參數(shù)的相關(guān)性采用Kruskal-WallisU或H檢驗(yàn);生存分析繪制Kaplan-Meier生存曲線。P<0.05為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
一、胰腺癌及癌旁組織Gankyrin表達(dá)
胰腺癌及癌旁組織Gankyrin陽(yáng)性表達(dá)率分別為72.5%(45/62)及19.4%(12/62),癌組織的表達(dá)水平顯著高于癌旁組織(圖1),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=35.35,P<0.001)。
二、胰腺癌組織Gankyrin表達(dá)與腫瘤臨床病理參數(shù)的相關(guān)性
分析Gankyrin在胰腺癌組織中的表達(dá)與患者臨床資料的關(guān)系,結(jié)果顯示Gankyrin表達(dá)水平與患者性別、年齡及腫瘤位置無(wú)顯著相關(guān)性,而與胰腺癌組織TNM分期、腫瘤分化及淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移密切相關(guān),提示Gankyrin高表達(dá)與胰腺癌惡性進(jìn)展密切相關(guān)(表1)。
圖1 胰腺癌(1A)及癌旁組織(1B)Gankyrin表達(dá)(免疫組化 ×200)
表1 胰腺癌組織Gankyrin表達(dá)與腫瘤臨床病理參數(shù)的相關(guān)性(例)
病理參數(shù)例數(shù)Gankyrin陰性Gankyrin陽(yáng)性U值或H值P值性別3050.37 男411031 女21714年齡3440.23 >50歲31625 ≤50歲311120TNM分期2980.02 Ⅰ+Ⅱ291118 Ⅲ+Ⅳ33627腫瘤分化2070.01 高19109 中23518 低20218淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移254.50.02 無(wú)361422 有26323腫瘤位置316.50.58 胰頭461234 胰體尾部16511
三、Gankyrin表達(dá)水平與患者預(yù)后的關(guān)系
62例患者術(shù)后3年總生存率為24.2%(15/62),其中Gankyrin陽(yáng)性者的術(shù)后3年生存率為17.8%(8/45),陰性者為41.2%(7/17),Gankyrin陽(yáng)性患者術(shù)后3年生存時(shí)間顯著短于陰性患者,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.51,P=0.034,圖 2)。
胰腺癌是一種惡性度極高的消化系統(tǒng)腫瘤,多數(shù)患者發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)已失去手術(shù)機(jī)會(huì),預(yù)后極差。而對(duì)于能夠手術(shù)治療的患者,由于其高增殖、高侵襲能力,患者術(shù)后生存時(shí)間較其他消化系統(tǒng)腫瘤短。胰腺癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、侵襲及轉(zhuǎn)移是一個(gè)多因素、多基因、多信號(hào)通路協(xié)同作用的過(guò)程,因此其治療也可以多靶點(diǎn)、多方法同時(shí)進(jìn)行。隨著分子生物學(xué)飛速發(fā)展,各種基因、蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)技術(shù)為篩選胰腺癌可靠的標(biāo)志物提供便利。
圖2 Gankyrin表達(dá)與胰腺癌患者術(shù)后生存率的關(guān)系
Gankyrin是一個(gè)通過(guò)雜交消減法得到的肝癌相關(guān)基因,又名PSMD10或p28GANK[4],它是由7個(gè)錨蛋白Gankyrin結(jié)構(gòu)域組成的小分子蛋白[3],擁有螺旋-環(huán)-螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),分子表面有凹槽,具有多種生物學(xué)功能。它通過(guò)活化E3泛素連接酶MDM2,負(fù)向調(diào)控p53蛋白表達(dá),抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞的凋亡[5];通過(guò)活化CDK4,使成視網(wǎng)膜細(xì)胞瘤蛋白(Rb)高度磷酸化,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞周期G1/S進(jìn)展,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞增殖[6],也可通過(guò)抑制Oct4降解促進(jìn)細(xì)胞增殖[7]。近期研究表明, IL-1β/IRAK-1信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路參與Gankyrin介導(dǎo)的腫瘤細(xì)胞惡性進(jìn)展過(guò)程[8];而miR605通過(guò)抑制Gankyrin基因的表達(dá),從而抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖[9]。近期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),結(jié)腸癌[10]、肝癌[11]、食管癌[12]、小細(xì)胞肺癌[13]等多種腫瘤組織高表達(dá)Gankyrin,且與腫瘤惡性進(jìn)展密切相關(guān)。本研究結(jié)果表明,胰腺癌組織Gankyrin表達(dá)水平顯著高于其對(duì)應(yīng)的癌旁正常組織,Gankyrin表達(dá)與患者性別、年齡及腫瘤位置無(wú)顯著相關(guān)性,而與腫瘤TNM分期、分化及轉(zhuǎn)移密切相關(guān),提示其在胰腺癌發(fā)生、發(fā)展中同樣起重要的作用。
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(本文編輯:呂芳萍)
The expression of cancer-related gene gankyrin in pancreatic cancer
Wu Wanbo, Wang Xiaohong, Ding Yunfeng, Zhang Ming, Shao Xia, Zhu Xiaowei.
Department of General Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China
Wang Xiaohong, Email: wangxhdr@126.com
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of tumor related gene gankyrin expression in pancreatic cancer. Methods The immunohistochemical staining was performed to study the gankyrin expression in 62 pairs of pancreatic cancer and matched non-tumor tissues. The correlations of gankyrin expression with pathological parameters and the influences on the prognosis were analyzed. Results Ggankyrin positivity in pancreatic cancer and matched non tumor tissue was 2.5%(45/62)and 19.4%(12/62), respectively. The positivity of gankyrin was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer compared with matched non-tumor tissues, and the differences were statistical significant (P<0.01). Gankyrin expression in pancreatic cancer tissues were significantly correlated with TNM stage, differentiation and metastasis (P<0.05), but not with age,gender or tumor location (P>0.05). The 3-year survival rates of patients with positive and negative gankyrin expression were 17.8%(8/45)and 41.2%(7/17), respectively. Patients with positive gankyrin expression had a significantly shorter survival period compared with these with negative expression in pancreatic cancer tissues (P=0.034). Conclusions Gankyrin was overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, which was correlated with poor prognosis.
Pancreatic neoplasms; Neoplasm staging; Neoplasm metastasis; Prognosis; Gankyrin
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-1935.2017.04.008
313000 浙江湖州,湖州市中心醫(yī)院普外科
王曉紅,Email: wangxhdr@126.com
2016-12-21)