詹遠(yuǎn)京 胡中偉 郭家偉 歐志濤 黃春明 鄭會聰 游樂卿
【摘要】 目的:觀察探討C35在肝癌中的表達(dá)與靶向干預(yù),為臨床治療提供依據(jù)。方法:設(shè)計兩對C35編碼區(qū)的siRNA并合成,構(gòu)建到轉(zhuǎn)錄載體pTZU6+1上,形成重組質(zhì)粒siRNA-C35,在脂質(zhì)體介導(dǎo)下轉(zhuǎn)染肝癌細(xì)胞株,RT-PCR分析RNA干擾后mRNA的變化,Western blot檢測表達(dá)蛋白的變化。結(jié)果:擴(kuò)增的目的基因條帶亮度存在明顯差異,與對照組相比,轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1相對表達(dá)率為95.3%、siRNA1組相對表達(dá)率為40.0%,siRNA2組的相對表達(dá)率為28.4%。構(gòu)建的重組質(zhì)粒對C35mRNA的表達(dá)有抑制作用。只轉(zhuǎn)染脂質(zhì)體組和pTZU6+1的C35蛋白雜交帶強(qiáng)于siRNA1和siRNA2,證實(shí)重組質(zhì)??梢砸种艭35基因的表達(dá),以對照組的蛋白帶為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其圖像分析可知,轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1相對表達(dá)率為94.9%、siRNA1組相對表達(dá)率為29.6%,siRNA2組的相對表達(dá)率為32.2%。結(jié)論:通過設(shè)計C35基因敲除的siRNA可有效抑制C35基因的表達(dá),肝癌細(xì)胞生長速度及侵襲性均發(fā)生改變,但C35基因在肝癌細(xì)胞株中及肝癌組織中低表達(dá),不可作為肝癌的靶點(diǎn)干預(yù)基因。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 C35; 肝癌; 表達(dá); 靶向干預(yù)
Study of C35 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Targeted Intervention/ZHAN Yuan-jing,HU Zhong-wei,GUO Jia-wei,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2017,14(16):025-028
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the expression of C35 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and provide the basis for clinical treatment.Method:Designed and compounded two groups C35 coding rigion siRNA,transcription vector pTZU6+1 to construct recombinant plasmid siRNA-C35,liposome mediated transfection for hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines,the change of mRNA protein expression after RNA interference by RT-PCR,the change of protein detected by Western blot.Result:There was significant difference in the brightness of the target gene.Compared with control group,the relative expression rates of the transfected plasmid pTZU6+1,siRNA1 and siRNA2 were respectively 95.3%,40.0% and 28.4% respectively.The constructed recombinant plasmid could inhibit the expression of C35mRNA.The transfection of C35 protein only with liposome and pTZU6+1 were stronger than that of siRNA1 and siRNA2,which further confirmed that the recombinant plasmid had inhibitory effect on C35 expression.By the standard of the the control groups protein band,the analysis of the image system showed the protein expression of the transfected plasmid pTZU6+1,siRNA1 and siRNA2 group were respectively 94.9%,29.6% and 32.2% respectively.Conclusion:Through the design of the C35 knockout siRNA can effectively inhibit the expression of C35 gene,growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells are changed,but C35 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and liver tissue has low expression,which can not as a target for hepatocellular carcinoma gene intervention.
【Key words】 C35; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Expression; Targeted intervention
First-authors address:The Eighth Peoples Hospital of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.16.007
原發(fā)性肝癌是我國常見惡性腫瘤,傳統(tǒng)化療療效差,有效率不到20%,分子靶向治療是治療肝癌的最新熱點(diǎn)方向。多種靶向藥物如血管生成抑制因子,EGFR,mTOR,IGFs等處于臨床開發(fā)的不同階段,而針對Raf及VEGFR2的多靶點(diǎn)藥物索拉菲尼已被FDA批準(zhǔn)用于臨床治療肝癌,但目前肝癌治療的靶向藥物研究遭到瓶頸,單一靶點(diǎn)藥物的效果難以達(dá)到人們預(yù)期,而多靶點(diǎn)藥物的效果又具有較大的副作用,且難以改善遠(yuǎn)期療效。造成這一瓶頸的原因可能是當(dāng)前研究多集中選用了常見靶點(diǎn)作為研究方向,而常見靶點(diǎn)以外更為理想的新靶點(diǎn)則被忽略[1-2]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),C35基因在腫瘤浸潤,轉(zhuǎn)移過程中發(fā)揮著重要的作用,通過設(shè)計siRNA經(jīng)脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染后,可使其侵襲能力下降,C35基因有望成為多種腫瘤治療的理想基因[3-5]。本文設(shè)計針對C35編碼區(qū)的siRNA并合成,構(gòu)建到轉(zhuǎn)錄載體pTZU6+1上,形成重組質(zhì)粒siRNA-C35,在脂質(zhì)體介導(dǎo)下轉(zhuǎn)染肝癌細(xì)胞株,觀察探討c35在肝癌中的表達(dá)與靶向干預(yù)研究,為臨床治療提供依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 質(zhì)粒和菌株質(zhì)粒 質(zhì)粒采用pTZU6+1和Escherichia coliDH5a,肝癌細(xì)胞株采用SM-7721肝癌細(xì)胞株。
1.2 主要試劑 限制性內(nèi)切酶Sal?、Hind?、EcoR?、Xba?、T4DNA連接酶及膠回收試劑盒為Takara公司產(chǎn)品;核酸及蛋白Marker為Ferments公司產(chǎn)品;TaqDNA聚合酶、MulV Reverse Transcriptase為上海生工產(chǎn)品;質(zhì)粒提取試劑盒為QIAGEN公司產(chǎn)品。
1.3 研究方法 根據(jù)siRNA的設(shè)計原則和C35的編碼基因設(shè)計2對siRNA[5],位于編碼基因259~278:sense鏈:5c-TCTGAAGATCT-CATTGAGGCCATCTTCGGATGGCCTCAATGA-GATCTTTTT-3c;antisense鏈:5c-CTAGAAAAAA-GATCTCATTGAGGCCATCCGAAGATGGCCTC-AATGAGATCTC-3c;位于編碼基因282~300:sense鏈:5c-TCGAGGAGCCAGTAATGGAGAAACT-TCGGTTTCTCCATTACTGGCTCTTTTT-3c;antisense鏈:5c-CTAGAAAAAGAGCCAGTAATGGAGA-AACCGAAGTTTCTCCATTACTGGCTCC-3c。兩條DNA鏈在等濃度的NaCl緩沖液中95 ℃、5 min,緩慢退火至室溫以形成雙鏈DNA。用DNA純化試劑盒純化形成的雙鏈DNA,與限制性內(nèi)切酶酶切后的載體pTZU6+1連接,轉(zhuǎn)化DH5A,Amp抗性篩選。挑取陽性克隆,EcoR和Hindó雙酶切,1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳鑒定。SM-7721肝癌細(xì)胞株用含10%胎牛血清和青、鏈霉素各100 U/mL的DMEM培養(yǎng)基37 ℃常規(guī)培養(yǎng)和傳代。細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染后,收集轉(zhuǎn)染48 h的細(xì)胞,PBS洗滌2次以β-actin的條帶亮度定為100,計算出相對表達(dá)率,確定C35基因mRNA分別被siRNA抑制的程度。PBS洗滌收集轉(zhuǎn)染72 h之后的細(xì)胞,利用Western blot檢測C35蛋白的表達(dá)情況。用ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測,發(fā)光成像系統(tǒng)取像。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 肝癌細(xì)胞株中C35的表達(dá) 實(shí)時定量PCR檢測C35基因在肝癌細(xì)胞株和正常肝細(xì)胞株中mRNA表達(dá)水平,正常肝細(xì)胞株中未檢出C35基因,肝癌細(xì)胞株中C35呈低表達(dá)。
2.2 半定量檢測C35mRNA的變化 擴(kuò)增的目的基因條帶亮度存在明顯差異,轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1相對表達(dá)率為95.3%,siRNA1組相對表達(dá)率為40.0%,siRNA2組的相對表達(dá)率為28.4%。構(gòu)建的重組質(zhì)粒對C35mRNA的表達(dá)有抑制作用,見圖1。
2.3 Western blot檢測C35蛋白的表達(dá) 對比4個組中C35基因蛋白質(zhì)的表達(dá),可見脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染組的蛋白雜交帶強(qiáng),轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1 Western blot檢測后C35蛋白雜交帶與脂質(zhì)體組相比不相上下,但siRNA1和siRNA2組的蛋白雜交帶僅可見窄帶,明顯弱于前兩組,進(jìn)一步證實(shí)構(gòu)建的重組質(zhì)粒對C35有抑制作用,見圖2。
2.4 各組C35蛋白的表達(dá)比較 以對照組的蛋白帶作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分析圖像可知,轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1相對表達(dá)率為94.9%,siRNA1組相對表達(dá)率為29.6%,siRNA2組的相對表達(dá)率為32.2%,見圖3。
3 討論
C35是新近發(fā)現(xiàn)的基因,研究初步證明C35是優(yōu)于Her-2的新型乳腺癌標(biāo)志性基因,且C35基因在消化道腫瘤中廣泛存在,在口腔癌,胃癌,結(jié)腸癌的腫瘤發(fā)生浸潤轉(zhuǎn)移中起到至關(guān)重要的作用,有望成為多種腫瘤疾病的基因治療靶向基因。肝癌目前多采用放化療聯(lián)合治療,理想的基因靶向藥物缺乏,是目前亟待解決和研究的重點(diǎn)[6-8]。Evans等[2]研究表明通過扣除雜交技術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)的新基因C35,比既往發(fā)現(xiàn)的靶點(diǎn)基因更常見,范圍更廣,且在正常細(xì)胞中基本不表達(dá),被視為新型的標(biāo)志性基因[9]。還有報道發(fā)現(xiàn),C35在腫瘤發(fā)生,浸潤,轉(zhuǎn)移過程中發(fā)揮重要作用,基于C35設(shè)計出的siRNA,經(jīng)脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染后至前列腺癌及胃癌,可使其侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移能力下降,而C35基因在肝癌組織中表達(dá)較高,故有望成為肝癌理想的基因治療靶基因[10-14]。C35基因在健康成人的機(jī)體處于靜止或非激活狀態(tài)下,當(dāng)受到致癌因素影響,其表達(dá)被激活,從而有腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)化活性,對惡性腫瘤的生長侵襲有促進(jìn)作用[15-18]。本文通過RNA干擾技術(shù),構(gòu)建到轉(zhuǎn)錄載體pTZU6+1上,形成重組質(zhì)粒siRNA-C35,在脂質(zhì)體介導(dǎo)下轉(zhuǎn)染肝癌細(xì)胞株,抑制C35的表達(dá)來探究C35在肝癌靶向藥物研發(fā)中的作用。
本文結(jié)果顯示,擴(kuò)增的目的基因條帶亮度存在明顯差異,與對照組相比,轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1相對表達(dá)率為95.3%,siRNA1組相對表達(dá)率為40.0%,siRNA2組的相對表達(dá)率為28.4%。構(gòu)建的重組質(zhì)粒對C35mRNA的表達(dá)有抑制作用。只轉(zhuǎn)染脂質(zhì)體組和pTZU6+1的C35蛋白雜交帶強(qiáng)于siRNA1和siRNA2,證實(shí)重組質(zhì)??梢砸种艭35基因的表達(dá),以對照組的蛋白帶作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其圖像分析可知,轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒pTZU6+1相對表達(dá)率為94.9%,siRNA1組相對表達(dá)率為29.6%,siRNA2組的相對表達(dá)率為32.2%。本研究成功構(gòu)建了C35基因的siRNA載體,利用脂質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)染到肝癌細(xì)胞株中,在抑制C35基因表達(dá),mRNA轉(zhuǎn)錄及蛋白質(zhì)表達(dá)等方面均卓有成效,構(gòu)建的C35基因的siRNA抑制目的基因的作用效果較強(qiáng),為探討C35基因在肝癌基因靶向藥物的研究方向打下了堅實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)[19-20]。
綜上所述,通過設(shè)計C35基因敲除的siRNA可有效抑制C35基因的表達(dá),肝癌細(xì)胞生長速度及侵襲性均發(fā)生改變,但C35基因在肝癌細(xì)胞株中及肝癌組織中低表達(dá),不可作為肝癌的靶點(diǎn)干預(yù)基因。
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(收稿日期:2017-01-03) (本文編輯:周亞杰)