李中元, 李 勇, 夏愛(ài)林
(1. 安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院, 安徽 馬鞍山 243002;2. 安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 數(shù)理科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院, 安徽 馬鞍山 243032)
Eu3+摻雜的Na2YMg2(VO4)3熒光粉制備和發(fā)光特性
李中元1, 李 勇2*, 夏愛(ài)林1
(1. 安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院, 安徽 馬鞍山 243002;2. 安徽工業(yè)大學(xué) 數(shù)理科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院, 安徽 馬鞍山 243032)
自激活; Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+; 能量傳遞; 熒光壽命
2.1 樣品制備
采用溶膠-凝膠法制備Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+系列熒光粉。初始原料為NH4VO3(A.R.)、Mg(NO3)2(A.R.)、NaNO3(A.R.)、Y2O3(99.9%)、Eu2O3(99.9%)和檸檬酸(A.R.)。首先,將Eu2O3和Y2O3在加熱攪拌條件下溶解在HNO3溶液中形成Y(NO3)3和Eu(NO3)3透明溶液。按照一定比例量取一定體積的NaNO3、Mg(NO3)2、 Y(NO3)3和Eu(NO3)3溶液混合形成透明溶液,然后將稱取的NH4VO3和檸檬酸(檸檬酸和金屬陽(yáng)離子的量比為2∶1)加入到上述混合溶液中,在60 ℃水浴下不斷攪拌直到形成透明溶液。將上述溶液放入60 ℃水浴鍋中12 h后形成均勻膠體。再將膠體放置在烘箱中75 ℃烘干,獲得干凝膠。將其在400 ℃加熱2 h,獲得前驅(qū)體粉末。待冷卻至室溫后充分研磨,在700 ℃下煅燒1 h,冷卻至室溫后得到白色粉末樣品。
2.2 樣品表征
采用日本島津X射線衍射儀(型號(hào)Max 18 XCE)確定樣品的物相結(jié)構(gòu),輻射源為銅靶Kα射線(λ=0.154 06 nm),掃描角度范圍為10°~80°。樣品形貌用日本電子(JEOL)的JSM5900掃描電鏡(SEM)觀察。激發(fā)和發(fā)射光譜用Jobin-Yvon Fluorolog熒光光譜儀測(cè)定,熒光壽命曲線的測(cè)定采用發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為355 nm、脈沖寬度為10 ns的OPO激光器作為激發(fā)光源激發(fā)樣品,采集到的信號(hào)在Tektronix TDS2024示波器上顯示。
3.1 XRD和晶體結(jié)構(gòu)分析
圖1(a)為經(jīng)700 ℃煅燒1 h得到的不同Eu3+摻雜濃度的Na2YMg2(VO4)3樣品的XRD圖。
圖1(a)中各衍射峰的位置與Na2YMg2(VO4)3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)卡片JCPDS No. 49-0412基本一致,未發(fā)現(xiàn)其他雜相的衍射峰,表明所制得的樣品都是純相,結(jié)構(gòu)和基質(zhì)純相石榴石Na2YMg2(VO4)3結(jié)構(gòu)一致。在這種石榴石結(jié)構(gòu)中,Y3+和Na+位于八配位的十二面體中心位置,Mg2+位于六配位的八面體中心位置[14]??紤]到離子半徑和電荷守恒,Eu3+(0.106 6 nm,CN=8)取代Y3+(0.101 9 nm,CN=8),在摻雜濃度范圍內(nèi)沒(méi)有引起晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的改變。由圖1(b)中的擴(kuò)展XRD圖譜可以看出,隨著Eu3+濃度的增加,Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+樣品的XRD衍射峰向小角度方向移動(dòng),主衍射峰(420)所處的衍射角從未摻雜時(shí)的32.45°向左逐漸移動(dòng)到75%Eu時(shí)的32.15°。這是因?yàn)镋u3+半徑大于Y3+,Eu3+取代Y3+后引起晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的擴(kuò)張,導(dǎo)致衍射角減小,同時(shí)也證明了Eu3+取代Y3+,有效進(jìn)入到Na2YMg2(VO4)3晶格中。
圖1 (a) Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+樣品的XRD圖譜;(b) Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+樣品的擴(kuò)展XRD圖譜。
Fig.1 (a) XRD patterns of Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+samples. (b) Expanded version of XRD patterns of Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+samples.
圖2為Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+粉末的SEM圖,可以看出溶膠-凝膠法制備得到的Na2YMg2-(VO4)3樣品顆粒具有不規(guī)則的光滑球狀形狀,顆粒尺寸在0.3~1 μm之間,顆粒之間發(fā)生了團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象。
圖2 700 ℃燒結(jié)的Na2YMg2 (VO4)3樣品的SEM圖
Fig.2 SEM image of Na2YMg2(VO4)3sample prepared at 700 ℃
3.2 發(fā)光特性
(1)
(2)
(3)
式中,I代表衰減曲線上某時(shí)刻強(qiáng)度。通過(guò)計(jì)算得到不同Eu3+摻雜濃度的壽命,具體數(shù)值見(jiàn)表1。由表1可知,隨著Eu3+摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)從0%提高到75%,能量傳遞效率從0%增加到88.70%。考慮到Eu3+(CN=8)取代Y3+(CN=8),可以預(yù)期其發(fā)光呈單指數(shù)形式。圖5(b)為Eu3+的5D0-7F2躍遷發(fā)光(610 nm)衰減曲線,其發(fā)光將呈單指數(shù)衰減特征??刹捎脝沃笖?shù)衰減函數(shù)[22]擬合:
(4)
式中,I為發(fā)光強(qiáng)度,A為擬合參數(shù),τ為熒光壽命。當(dāng)Eu3+摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)為15%,25%,35%,45%,55%,65%,75%時(shí),Eu3+發(fā)光壽命分別為0.716,0.638,0.615,0.617,0.543,0.479,0.419 ms。隨著Eu3+摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)的提高,Eu3+的發(fā)光壽命在縮短,從15%時(shí)的0.716 ms縮短到75%時(shí)的0.419 ms。這表明隨著Eu3+濃度的提高,從Eu3+到猝滅中心的能量傳遞幾率增大,從而觀察到Eu3+的發(fā)光壽命縮短。從擬合的數(shù)據(jù)可以看出,隨著Eu3+摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)從15%變化到75%,其發(fā)光壽命雖逐漸減小,但在小范圍內(nèi)變化,結(jié)合Eu3+的發(fā)射強(qiáng)度數(shù)據(jù)分析,此類基質(zhì)有利于Eu3+等稀土離子的高濃度摻雜。
表和Eu3+發(fā)光壽命擬合相關(guān)參數(shù)和計(jì)算結(jié)果
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李中元(1992-),男,安徽淮南人,碩士研究生,2014年于安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位,主要從事稀土上/下轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)光材料的研究。
E-mail: 824137934@qq.com
李勇(1982-),男,安徽安慶人,博士,副教授,2009年于中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)獲得博士學(xué)位,主要從事稀土發(fā)光材料的研究。
E-mail: yongli@ahut.edu.cn
Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Eu3+Doped Na2YMg2(VO4)3Phosphors
LI Zhong-yuan1, LI Yong2*, XIA Ai-lin1
(1.SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,AnhuiUniversityofTechnology,Maanshan243002,China;2.SchoolofMathematicsandPhysicsofScienceandEngineering,AnhuiUniversityofTechnology,Maanshan243032,China)
self-activated; Na2YMg2(VO4)3∶Eu3+; energy transfer; fluorescence lifetime
1000-7032(2017)03-0296-07
2016-09-26;
2016-11-13
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(11204005)資助項(xiàng)目 Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11204005)
O482.31
A
10.3788/fgxb20173803.0296
*CorrespondingAuthor,E-mail:yongli@ahut.edu.cn