“重慶可以成為‘一帶一路’領頭羊” 美好前景值得期待“供給側結構性改革與‘一帶一路’建設：重慶視角”研討會在渝召開

□ 文、圖/本刊記者 曾睿

“重慶可以成為‘一帶一路’領頭羊” 美好前景值得期待“供給側結構性改革與‘一帶一路’建設：重慶視角”研討會在渝召開

□ 文、圖/本刊記者 曾睿

四川外國語大學校長李克勇致辭。

2016年11月19日，由四川外國語大學、中國人民大學重陽金融研究院主辦，重慶國際戰(zhàn)略研究院承辦的“供給側結構性改革與‘一帶一路’建設：重慶視角”研討會在四川外國語大學舉行。四川外國語大學校長李克勇，中國人民大學重陽金融研究院執(zhí)行院長王文，重慶市教育工委書記、市教委副主任趙為糧，重慶市沙坪壩區(qū)區(qū)委常委、副區(qū)長何慶先后在開幕式上致辭。

在開幕致辭中，中國人民大學重陽金融研究院執(zhí)行院長王文表示，此次“供給側結構性改革與‘一帶一路’建設：重慶視角”研討會的舉行，是重陽金融研究院與重慶國際戰(zhàn)略研究院這樣的區(qū)域性智庫開展深入合作的一次有益嘗試。四川外國語大學校長李克勇在致辭中表示，非常希望能進一步增進與中國人民大學重陽金融研究院的合作，讓四川外國語大學能夠更好地為重慶內陸開放高地建設作出貢獻。

在開幕式后的公開演講環(huán)節(jié)，外交部前副部長何亞非，國家外匯管理局原副局長魏本華，國際商會執(zhí)行董事、中國銀行原副行長張燕玲，恒豐銀行研究院執(zhí)行院長董希淼，中國民生銀行研究院院長黃劍輝，恒豐銀行研究院執(zhí)行院長董希淼、中國人民大學重陽金融研究院學術合作部副主任崔悅等演講嘉賓分別就“‘一帶一路’倡議與重慶未來”和“供給側結構性改革與重慶發(fā)展”進行了精彩演講。當天下午，專家們還與重慶的專家學者及相關部門、機構負責人一道就“重慶自貿區(qū)與內陸開放高地建設”進行了深入研討。

據(jù)了解，中國人民大學重陽金融研究院（人大重陽）作為中國特色新型智庫，旨在把脈金融，鉆研學術，關注現(xiàn)實，建言國家，服務大眾。人大重陽聘請了來自10多個國家的96名前政要、銀行家、知名學者為高級研究員，與30多個國家的智庫開展實質合作。目前，人大重陽被中國官方認定為G20智庫峰會（T20）共同牽頭智庫、中國金融學會綠色金融專業(yè)委員會秘書處、“一帶一路”中國智庫合作聯(lián)盟常務理事、中國-伊朗官學共建“一帶一路”中方牽頭智庫。2014年來，人大重陽連續(xù)兩年被選入由美國賓州大學推出的、國際公認度最高的《全球智庫報告》的“全球頂級智庫150強”（僅7家中國智庫連續(xù)入圍）。而重慶國際戰(zhàn)略研究院則是經(jīng)重慶市人民政府批準，由原重慶市對外貿易經(jīng)濟委員會和四川外國語大學共同成立的獨立研究咨詢機構，成立于2014年12月18日。研究院的主旨是在國家“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略背景下研究重慶市產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、區(qū)域及國際經(jīng)濟合作等領域的重大問題和政策，理念是“國際視野、服務決策”，方針是“政府主導、學校主體、資源整合、平臺搭建”。

研討會現(xiàn)場座無虛席。

專家觀點

外交部原副部長何亞非：

重慶在“一帶一路”建設方面可成為“領頭羊”

我覺得重慶有三個方面可以重點推進，一個是基礎設施的互聯(lián)互通，把重慶定位在“一帶一路”沿線國家擴大貿易擴大投資加快物流的一個縮影。第二個，是在制造業(yè)、服務業(yè)、工程總承包EPC等方面。第三，重慶要考慮到海外華僑華人的優(yōu)勢，我們現(xiàn)在講培養(yǎng)人才，培養(yǎng)的什么人才呢？實際上是跨文化多語種的人才，能講各種語言，精通國際規(guī)則，兼顧各種文化，華人華僑中，尤其是其中的年輕一代，無疑是具有這方面的優(yōu)勢的。重慶在“一帶一路”建設方面，可以起到領頭羊的作用。

國際商會執(zhí)行董事、中國銀行原副行長張燕玲：

重慶可以成為“一帶一路”中的數(shù)據(jù)信息中心

重慶可以在“一帶一路”大數(shù)據(jù)分析方面發(fā)揮特殊作用，促進“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略更加良性地發(fā)展。一方面，根據(jù)對重慶這個物流樞紐的信息統(tǒng)計分析，運用物流大數(shù)據(jù)提出宏觀指導意見。另一方面，還可以對這幾年重慶發(fā)展得特別快的跨境物流和轉口貿易的物流數(shù)據(jù)進行專項分析。成為“一帶一路”中的數(shù)據(jù)信息中心，為“一帶一路”的發(fā)展，為國家的發(fā)展獻言獻策。

恒豐銀行研究院執(zhí)行院長董希淼：關于重慶金融改革的三點建議

第一，為構建多層次資本市場構建健康生長的土壤。第二點，要打造具有領先金融特色的地方經(jīng)濟。重慶的消費金融現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有很好的基礎，還可以有進一步的發(fā)展，能夠為我們的中小企業(yè)和消費者提供更多的幫助。第三，要積極發(fā)揮地方金融監(jiān)管的優(yōu)勢。在這一塊，重慶可以做很多工作，重慶的很多經(jīng)驗也可以為全國提供很好的借鑒。

國家外匯管理局原副局長魏本華：

考慮供給側改革問題要兼顧短期和中長期

我們考慮供給側改革問題的時候不要只考慮短期的問題，還是要考慮到中長期的問題。我們要讓市場在資源配置中發(fā)揮決定性作用，但是政府也要發(fā)揮作用，所以要掌握好政策的均衡，在適度擴大總需求的同時著力作好供給側的改革。舉個例子：鋼鐵行業(yè)的確有去產(chǎn)能的必要，重慶市政府也在這方面提出了具體的指標，但是另外一方面，低端的鋼材的確產(chǎn)能過剩，但是在高端的方面又需要大量的進口。有一項研究表明，“一帶一路”未來要建設26000公里的鐵路，在鐵路建設上每1億元人民幣的投資會產(chǎn)生3300噸鋼材的需要，而沿線國家絕大部分在鋼材方面都是凈進口國，對鋼材就有很大的需要，我覺得這個需求就很值得研究。

中國民生銀行研究院院長黃劍輝：重慶的發(fā)展應該有“三個堅持”

在中央“十三五”規(guī)劃的總體目標內，重慶應堅持創(chuàng)新發(fā)展、堅持城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展、堅持綠色發(fā)展。重慶作為中國的四個直轄市之一，應該把目光瞄準倫敦、紐約這樣的世界一流的城市，看清差距、找準對策。中國的發(fā)展一直是“一弓兩箭”格局，重慶、成都所在的成渝經(jīng)濟圈在里面處于特別重要的地位，所以在這樣的情況下怎樣積極地參與推動長江經(jīng)濟帶的建設，發(fā)揮對西南和中西部內陸地區(qū)的輻射作用是重慶的歷史使命，也是發(fā)展機遇。同時還需要引導民營企業(yè)加快推動國際化，也是非常重要的一個方面。國家的未來值得期待，重慶的美好前景更加值得期待。

中國人民大學重陽金融研究院學術合作部副主任崔悅：

重慶的供給側結構性改革的示范意義很大

最基礎的經(jīng)濟學理論告訴我們，市場的供給和需求主要是通過價格來調節(jié)的，最終達到市場出清的最佳平衡狀態(tài)，然而在現(xiàn)實生活里，價格是被種種因素所扭曲的，商品價格、利率（也就是資本價格）無法真正地作為指導商品生產(chǎn)供給的清晰指標時，就需要政府與市場同時進行資源配置的調控，這也就是我理解的供給側結構性改革被創(chuàng)造的初衷。當市場的資源配置無法自身優(yōu)化時，就需要政府通過有形之手重新引導資源配置，以期達到供需平衡的理想狀態(tài)。重慶作為我國內陸對外開放的前沿高地，一直因為政府調控與市場調控有機結合被外界津津樂道，因此重慶的供給側結構性改革的示范意義也很重大。

On November 19, 2016, symposium on Supply-side Structural Reform and “One Belt and One Road” Construction: Chongqing Perspective, sponsored by Sichuan International Studies University (SISU) , Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies, Renmin University of China (RDCY) , was held by Chongqing Institute for International Strategies (CIIS). Li Keyong, President of SISU, Wang Wen, the executive dean of RDCY, Zhao Weiliang, Secretary of Chongqing Municipal Education Committee, deputy chief of Chongqing municipal commission of education, He Qing, a standing member of district committee of Shapingba district , deputy district chief had delivered speeches at the opening ceremony.

During the opening ceremony, Wang Wen, the executive dean of RDCY, said that the symposium is a beneficial attempt to carry out in-depth cooperation between RDCY, a regional think tank. Li Keyong, the president of SISU, expressed a desire to enhance cooperation with RDCY, which will make SISU more contributive in the construction of the Inland Opening-up Heights in Chongqing .

During the public speaking after the opening ceremony, guest speakers gave speeches on the themes of “One Belt and One Road Initiative and the Future of Chongqing ” and “ The Structural Reform of Supply-side and the Development of Chongqing ”, including He Yafei, former Deputy Minister of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Wei Benhua, former Deputy Director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, Zhang Yanling, Executive Director of China Chamber of International Commerce and former vice President of Bank of China, Dong Ximiao, Executive President of Hengfeng Bank Institute, Huang Jianhui, President of China Minsheng Bank, Cui Yue, deputy director of the Academic Cooperation Department of RDCY. In the afternoon, experts have conducted in-depth discussions on construction of the Inland Opening-up Heights in Chongqing and Chongqing free trade area with experts and scholars of Chongqing and the responsible persons of relevant departments and agencies.

Founded on January 19, 2013, RDCY was one of the major projects with the total worth of 200 million Yuan, donated by Mr.Qiu Guogen, President of Shanghai Chongyang Investment Management Limited Company and alumnus of Renmin University of China . As a think tank of new type with Chinese characteristics, RDCY focuses on the fi nancial market analysis, academic research, social concerns, consultation services for the government and public service. RDCY hires 96 former politicians, bankers, scholars from more than 10 countries as senior researchers and carries out substantive cooperation with think tanks of more than 30 countries. At present, the RDCY is recognized as the common lead think tank of G20 think tank Summit (T20) by the authorities, the Secretariat of Green Finance Specialized Committee of China Finance Society, Executive Director of China Think Tank Cooperation Alliance of Belt and Road , as well as the leader of One Belt and One Road think tanks of China in China-Iran Government-University cooperation . Since 2014, RDCY for two consecutive years was selected as "the world's top think tank top 150" in Global Think-tank Report, launched by the University of Pennsylvania, which is internationally recognized as the highest degree and only seven Chinese think tanks are in the list.

Founded on December 18, 2014, CIIS, approved by Chongqing Municipal government, is an independent research consultancy jointly established by the original Chongqing Foreign Trade and Economic Committee and SISU. CIIS mainly engages in the research of key issues and policies including the industrial distribution in Chongqing , regional and international economic cooperation against the background of One Belt and One Road Initiative. With the idea of "Embracing the International Perspective, Offering Consultation Services ", CIIS adheres to the philosophy of " Under the guidance of the government, Realizing resources integration and platform construction with SISU as the mainstay.”

He Yafei, Former Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs

Chongqing will Play a Leading Role in “One Belt and One Road” Initiative

I think our work priorities are on three aspects. First, the connectivity of infrastructure. Chongqing will be positioned as a city for enhancing trade, investment and logistics in the countries along One Belt and One Road (OBOR) . Second, more contributions in manufacturing industry, service industry and engineering procurement construction (EPC). Third, the advantages of overseas Chinese. We should never neglect the power of over 60 million overseas Chinese when we implement OBOR Initiative, especially those patriotic young talents who have a good command of languages, know diff erent cultures and international rules. In general, I think Chongqing can play a leading role in OBOR Initiative. We should study our advantages, make good use of our country's policies and plan our future development.

Zhang Yanling , Executive Director of China Chamber of International Commerce and Former Vice President of Bank of China

Chongqing will Become a Data Information Center of“One Belt and One Road”

Chongqing can play a unique role in analyzing big OBOR data and promote a benign development of OBOR initiative. On the one hand, we can make a statistical analysis of the information related to the logistics centers in Chongqing and use the big data of logistics to propose macro opinions. On the other hand, we can also analyze the statistic information of crossborder logistics and entrepot trade which developed rapidly in Chongqing in recent years. Chongqing can use the advantage of regional center and become the data information center, which can provide basic data and research report for OBOR initiative and off er advices for the development of China and OBOR strategy.

Dong Ximiao , Executive President of Hengfeng Bank Institute

Three Suggestions on Financial Reform in Chongqing Firstly, we should build a better development environment in order to constructing multi-level capital market. Secondly, we should develop a local economy with leading financial characteristics. The good foundation and potential of consumer fi nance in Chongqing will bring more opportunities and support to small and medium enterprises as well as consumers. Third, we should strengthen local government’s role in financial supervision. With the development of new finance, local governments are becoming more and more important. How to make a good top-level design and exert positive infl uence of local governments on finance is becoming a vital part in China's financial reform. Chongqing may offer many useful references in this part.

Wei Benhua, Former Deputy Director of State Administration of Foreign Exchange

Supply-side Reform both in Short Term as well as in Mediumand-long Term

As for the supply-side reform problem, we should not only consider in short term, but also middle-and-long term. The market will play a decisive role in allocating resources, but the government should also play its role in it. Therefore, the government should strike a balance in policy-making. In the process of expanding demand moderately, the government should also reform the supply-side. For example, a reduction of excess capacity in steel industry is necessary. Chongqing municipal government did propose the detailed requirements on it. However, the low-end steel is oversupplying at home while the supply of high-endsteel falls short , which needs a great deal of import. Research shows that 26,000 kilometers of railway is to be built along OBOR, and there is a demand of 3,300 tons of steel when investing per hundred million Yuan into the railway construction. A large part of the countries along OBOR are net importers in steel, which makes a large demand of steel. I think it is a phenomenon which is worthy of studying.

Huang Jianhui, President of China Minsheng Bank

“Three Insistences” in the Development of Chongqing

Chongqing should insist on innovative development, urban and rural coordinated development and green development according to the overall objectives of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan. Chongqing, as one of the four municipalities directly under the Central Government, should keep an eye on the top cities like New York and London. As for the reform of stateowned enterprises. China’s development has always been in “a bow and two arrows” pattern, and Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle plays a critical role in it. So in this case, how to actively participate in promoting the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and perform the radiating role in the southwest, Mid-west regions will be a historical mission and opportunity for development. In the meantime, promoting the internationalization of privacy enterprises is another important issue. China and Chongqing will embrace a promising future.

Cui Yue, Deputy Director of the Academic Cooperation Department of RDCY

The Structural Reform of Supply-side in Chongqing plays a signifi cant role of demonstration

According to the most basic economic theory, the supply and demand of the market are mainly regulated by the price, and fi nally reach the optimal balance of market clearing. But in reality prices are distorted by various factors. When the price of commodity and the interest rate (known as capital price) can’t really be used as a clear indicator of the supply of goods, we need both the government and the market to control the allocation of resources at the same time. That’s reason why the concept of structural reform of supply-side was created. If the market resource allocation can’t be optimized by itself, we need the visible hand of the government to determine the allocation of resources and finally lead to the ideal state of balance between supply and demand. Chongqing, as an Opening-up Highland in Inland China, is known for its combination of the government control and market regulation, and the structural reform of supply-side in Chongqing will also play a signifi cant role of demonstration.

Chongqing, Leading in “One Belt and One Road” Initiative, Enjoys a Promising Future
Symposium on Supply-side Structural Reform and One Belt and One Road Initiative Construction: Chongqing Perspective was held in Chongqingg

□ J ournalist / Zeng Rui