閆春生 牛美蘭 田恒運(yùn)
摘要:研究了馬齒莧口服液對(duì)高血脂大鼠瘦素(Leptin,LEP)、脂聯(lián)素(Adiponectin,ADPN)、總膽固醇(Total triglyceride,TC)、總甘油三酯(Total triglyceride,TG)的影響。選取健康雄性SD大鼠65只, 隨機(jī)分為模型對(duì)照組(15只)和正常對(duì)照組及馬齒莧口服液低、中、高劑量組和羅格列酮組(每組10只);正常對(duì)照組大鼠飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼料,模型對(duì)照組大鼠飼喂高脂飼料,其余組大鼠飼喂高脂飼料,并進(jìn)行藥物干擾,喂養(yǎng)12周后,測(cè)定大鼠血清瘦素、脂聯(lián)素、TC、TG的含量。結(jié)果表明,①瘦素:與正常對(duì)照組相比,羅格列酮組顯著升高,模型組、馬齒莧水煎劑低、中劑量組瘦素極顯著升高,高劑量組升高不顯著;與模型對(duì)照組比較,其余組均極顯著降低;與低劑量組比較,中劑量組顯著降低,正常組、高劑量組均極顯著降低;馬齒莧水煎劑高劑量組與羅格列酮組血清瘦素差異不顯著。②脂聯(lián)素:與正常對(duì)照組相比,其余組脂聯(lián)素含量極顯著降低;與模型組比較,其余組脂聯(lián)素含量均極顯著升高;馬齒莧水煎劑低劑量與中劑量組差異不顯著,低劑量組顯著低于高劑量組,馬齒莧水煎劑高劑量組與羅格列酮組差異不顯著。③TC、TG含量表現(xiàn)一致,均為馬齒莧口服液低劑量組、模型對(duì)照組極顯著高于其余組;高劑量組顯著低于中劑量組;正常對(duì)照組、高劑量組、羅格列酮組間差異不顯著。馬齒莧口服液可能是通過提高大鼠血清中脂聯(lián)素,降低瘦素、TC、TG含量來預(yù)防大鼠高血脂的。
關(guān)鍵詞:瘦素;脂聯(lián)素;馬齒莧;脂代謝
中圖分類號(hào):R589.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2016)05-1221-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.033
Effect of Purslane Oral Liquid on Lipid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemia Rats
YAN Chun-sheng,NIU Mei-lan,TIAN Heng-yun
(Huanghe Science and Technology College,Zhengzhou 450063,China)
Abstract: In this experiment, 65 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, such as model group, normal control group,purslane oral liquid of low, middle and high dose group and rosiglitazone group, to analyze the effects of purslane oral liquid on the level of serum leptin (LEP), adiponectin (ADPN),total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG) in hyperlipidemia rats. The rats in normal control group were fed with basal diet,while the model group rats were fed high fat diet, the other group rats were given high fat diet and drug for 12 weeks.The contents of LEP and ADPN were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the content of TC and TG were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The results showed that the leptin in rosiglitazone group significantly increased and extreme significantly increased in model group, low and middle purslane oral liquid group, while no significant changed in high dose of purslane oral liquid group when compared with normal control group. But when compared with the model control group, the LEP content was significantly decreased in the other groups. When compared with the low dose of purslane oral liquid group, the LEP content in middle dose was group significantly lower, and in normal control group and high dose group were extreme significantly lower. There had no significant difference in LEP content between high dose of purslane oral liquid group and rosiglitazone group. Compared with normal control group, the ADPN content in other groups were extreme significantly lower but when compared with model control group, the ADPN contents in other groups were extreme significantly higher. There had no significant difference in ADPN content between the low and middle dose of purslane oral liquid, and the high dose of purslane oral liquid and rosiglitazone group. But the ADPN content in low dose of purslane oral liquid was significantly lower than that in high dose group. The contents of TC and TG in low dose of purslane oral liquid group and model group were extreme significantly higher than other groups. The contents in middle dose group was significantly lower than those in low dose group. There had no significant difference in normal control group,high dose group and rosiglitazone group. It indicated that the purslane oral liquid might have effect of hyperlipidemia prevention through increasing the content of adiponectin and decreasing leptin levels and the content of TC,TG in serum.
Key words:leptin;adiponectin;purslane;lipid metabolism
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物
健康雄性SD大鼠65只,體重130~150 g,購自山東省魯抗醫(yī)藥集團(tuán)有限公司,許可證編號(hào)為SCXK魯2014005。
馬齒莧口服液由河南省中醫(yī)藥研究院中藥房提供;瘦素(LEP)、脂聯(lián)素(ADPN)檢測(cè)試劑盒(上海酶聯(lián)生物科技有限公司,貨號(hào):ml002969、ml028534);甘油三酯(TG)、膽固醇(TC)試劑盒(中生北控生物科技公司,批號(hào):000025591、000025581)。
1.2 飼料配方
基礎(chǔ)飼料:面粉25%、玉米15%、麩皮30%、豆料25%、魚粉2%、骨粉3%,由黃河科技學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心制備。
高脂飼料:75%基礎(chǔ)飼料+15%豬油+5%蔗糖+3.5%膽固醇+1.5%膽酸鈉(膽酸鈉:杭州微生物試劑廠,批號(hào)2001O122;膽固醇:上海伯奧生物有限公司,批號(hào)20091201;玉米油:山東長壽花食品股份有限公司;豬油和蔗糖自備)
1.3 動(dòng)物分組與給藥
取健康雄性SD大鼠65只,隨機(jī)分為模型對(duì)照組15只和正常對(duì)照組及馬齒莧口服液低、中、高劑量組和羅格列酮組,每組10只;正常對(duì)照組大鼠飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼料,模型對(duì)照組大鼠單飼喂高脂飼料,其余組大鼠飼喂高脂飼料的同時(shí)進(jìn)行藥物干擾,給藥劑量依據(jù)人與動(dòng)物用藥劑量換算公式:大鼠的藥物劑量是(mg/kg)=人的給藥物劑量(mg/kg)×W(折合系數(shù))[1],馬齒莧水煎劑低、中、高劑量分別給藥是112.5、225、450 g/(kg·d), 2次/d灌胃,羅格列酮組以40 mg/(kg·d),2次/d灌胃;藥物干預(yù)期間,正常對(duì)照組大鼠繼續(xù)普通飼料喂養(yǎng),所有大鼠均飲用生理鹽水,于喂養(yǎng)8、10、12周從模型對(duì)照組隨機(jī)挑選2只大鼠處死,經(jīng)腹主動(dòng)脈抽血、離心后檢測(cè)大鼠血清中TC、TG的含量,酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA)測(cè)定大鼠血清瘦素、脂聯(lián)素的含量,達(dá)高血脂后結(jié)束試驗(yàn)。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用SPSS 17.0分析軟件處理,數(shù)據(jù)用平均數(shù)(x)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(s)來表示,組間比較采用LSD檢驗(yàn)。
2 結(jié)果與分析
2.1 大鼠的死亡情況
12周后試驗(yàn)結(jié)束,給藥組6只大鼠因灌胃操作不當(dāng)而死亡,模型對(duì)照組6只大鼠在試驗(yàn)過程中判定造模是否成功而處死(模型對(duì)照組在第8、10、12周各處死2只。)
2.2 血清瘦素
由表1可知,在血清瘦素含量方面,與正常對(duì)照組相比,羅格列酮組顯著升高(P<0.05),模型組、馬齒莧水煎劑低、中劑量組瘦素極顯著升高(P<0.01),高劑量組升高不顯著(P﹥0.05);與模型對(duì)照組比較,其余組均極顯著降低(P<0.01);與低劑量組比較,中劑量組顯著降低(P<0.05),正常對(duì)照組、高劑量組均極顯著降低(P<0.01);馬齒莧水煎劑高劑量組與羅格列酮組血清瘦素差異不顯著(P﹥0.05)。
2.3 血清脂聯(lián)素
由表2可知,與正常對(duì)照組相比,其余組脂聯(lián)素含量極顯著降低(P<0.01);與模型組比較,其余組脂聯(lián)素含量均極顯著升高(P<0.01);馬齒莧水煎劑低劑量與中劑量組差異不顯著(P﹥0.05),低劑量組極顯著低于高劑量組(P<0.01),馬齒莧水煎劑高劑量組與羅格列酮組差異不顯著(P﹥0.05)。
2.4 血清TG和TC含量
由表3可知,TC、TG含量表現(xiàn)一致,均為馬齒莧口服液低劑量組、模型對(duì)照組極顯著高于其余組(P<0.01);高劑量組顯著低于中劑量組(P<0.05);正常對(duì)照組、高劑量組、羅格列酮組間差異不顯著(P>0.05)。
3 討論
血清瘦素是由脂肪細(xì)胞分泌的肥胖基因編碼的分泌型激素,同樣與高血脂密切相關(guān)。生理功能下血清瘦素主要通過瘦素受體介導(dǎo),肥胖癥患者中瘦素水平的上升直接造成了此受體反饋性下調(diào)或受體信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)受阻,出現(xiàn)瘦素抵抗。瘦素水平升高或降低,均能導(dǎo)致瘦素對(duì)機(jī)體脂肪代謝調(diào)節(jié)的紊亂,由此促成肥胖癥的發(fā)生。而高脂膳食或能量過剩均可使瘦素水平迅速上升,由此引發(fā)機(jī)體的瘦素抵抗,引起瘦素不能正常對(duì)脂肪、能量代謝的促進(jìn)。張麗等[2]的研究認(rèn)為,瘦素在肥胖、脂肪肝、高血壓、糖尿病等代謝疾病中起著非常重要的作用,因?yàn)槭菟卦谥敬x過程中扮演著重要的角色。Tobek等[3]研究表明,瘦素是胰島素抵抗發(fā)生的一個(gè)獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素,血清瘦素含量的增多引起胰島素對(duì)血糖的敏感性降低。其次瘦素的免疫作用,瘦素減少間接降低肝組織纖維化的形成。Pelley等[4]研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),瘦素缺陷或低性的小鼠脂肪沉積并發(fā)展成脂肪肝。
脂聯(lián)素(Adiponectin,ADPN)是由脂肪細(xì)胞分泌內(nèi)源性生物活性多肽或蛋白質(zhì),是胰島素抵抗和非酒精性脂肪肝的保護(hù)因子。楊建鋒等[5]研究表明,脂聯(lián)素水平高低與肝臟脂肪變性程度、炎癥和纖維化程度呈負(fù)相關(guān)。臨床證實(shí)高脂膳食、藥物損傷、胰島抵抗等原因均可造成脂聯(lián)素生物活性下降,從而導(dǎo)致肥胖、脂肪肝慢性病變。Yamauchi等[6]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),脂聯(lián)素是通過降低肥胖小鼠TC、TG的濃度,減少胰島素的抵抗;Stefan等[7]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),2型糖尿病患者空腹血清瘦素含量與血糖呈負(fù)相關(guān)。研究提示脂聯(lián)素可能參與早期肝細(xì)胞損傷的調(diào)節(jié)作用;馬齒莧口服液可減少高血脂大鼠血清瘦素和提高脂聯(lián)素,抑制高脂大鼠TC、TG含量,并且劑量與效應(yīng)呈正相關(guān)。由此推測(cè)馬齒莧口服液對(duì)高血脂大鼠產(chǎn)生的高血脂有改善作用,該試驗(yàn)結(jié)果能否成為預(yù)防和治療高血脂的重要藥理依據(jù),此作用機(jī)制還有待在以后的研究中進(jìn)一步證實(shí)。
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