吉棟德,楊雪瑩,王榮華,安 玲,李正娥,蘇占海
(1.青海省人民醫(yī)院;2.中國(guó)計(jì)量大學(xué);3.青海大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院腫瘤放療科;4.青海紅十字醫(yī)院;5.青海大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院)
miR-146a(rs2910164)單核苷酸多態(tài)性與青?;刈逦赴┮赘行?/p>
吉棟德1,楊雪瑩2,王榮華3,安 玲1,李正娥4,蘇占海5#
(1.青海省人民醫(yī)院;2.中國(guó)計(jì)量大學(xué);3.青海大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院腫瘤放療科;4.青海紅十字醫(yī)院;5.青海大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院)
目的 探討miR-146a(rs2910164)單核苷酸多態(tài)性與青?;刈逦赴┮赘邢嚓P(guān)關(guān)系。方法 采集42例青海回族胃癌患者(胃癌組)和38例正常者(正常組)胃黏膜組織基因組DNA,應(yīng)用PCR-RFLP多態(tài)性檢測(cè)方法,分析青?;刈逦赴┗颊適iR-146a(rs2910164)基因型G/G、G/C、C/C多態(tài)性特點(diǎn)。結(jié)果 miR-146a(rs2910164)三種基因型G/G、G/C、C/C在胃癌組和對(duì)照組中分別是45.2%、47.6%、7.1%和34.2%、47.4%、18.4%,G和A等位基因頻率為0.69、0.31和0.58、0.42,其中基因型頻率和等位基因頻率在胃癌組和對(duì)照組之間無(wú)顯著性差異(P=0.268,P=0.300)。結(jié)論 miR-146a(rs2910164)單核苷酸多態(tài)性三種基因型及等位基因分布頻率在青海地區(qū)不存在地域性,與青?;刈逦赴┮赘行詿o(wú)關(guān)。
miR-146a(rs2910164) 單核苷酸多態(tài)性 回族 胃癌易感性
miRNA是在真核細(xì)胞中較為保守的一組非編碼RNA,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)mRNA的穩(wěn)定性及翻譯效率來(lái)對(duì)蛋白表達(dá)層面進(jìn)行調(diào)控,從而控制蛋白相應(yīng)的功能實(shí)現(xiàn)。miRNA在腫瘤組織和正常細(xì)胞中表達(dá)有差異性,并且具有組織特異性。因此利用檢測(cè)miRNA表達(dá)特點(diǎn),可以為腫瘤診斷、預(yù)防和治療提供重要的指導(dǎo)[1-8]。單核苷酸多態(tài)性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)作為常見(jiàn)的遺傳標(biāo)志之一,與疾病易感、藥物敏感、腫瘤篩查性等有關(guān)。miRNA-146a位于人基因組5q33,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)miR-146a表達(dá)異常可能與腫瘤易感密切相關(guān),如已在乳頭狀甲狀腺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、前列腺癌中發(fā)現(xiàn)miR-146a表達(dá)異常。深入研究發(fā)現(xiàn),miR-146a前體pre-miRNA在其結(jié)構(gòu)上有一個(gè)G/C單核苷酸多態(tài)性易導(dǎo)致miR-146a表達(dá)異常,使得腫瘤易感性提升[1,9-14]。胃癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和細(xì)胞內(nèi)許多因子表達(dá)異常有關(guān),如抑癌基因或細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)因子等發(fā)生突變。同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)一些基因多態(tài)性與胃癌易感性有關(guān)。
榮光宏等[15]發(fā)現(xiàn)回族胃癌患病率較高。因此,探討回族胃癌易感因素具有重要意義。
本研究通過(guò)基因組學(xué)方法,探討miR-146a(rs2910164)單核苷酸多態(tài)性與青?;刈逦赴┌l(fā)病易感性關(guān)系。
1.1 材料
1.1.1 胃癌組和對(duì)照組基因組DNA收集
收集2012~2015年青海省人民醫(yī)院、青海大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院及西寧市回族醫(yī)院42例回族胃癌患者(其中男性25例,女性17例,平均年齡為56.170±12.708歲)和38例正?;刈逭?其中男性21例,女性17例,平均年齡為55.400±12.071歲)胃黏膜組織,并用DNA提取試劑盒行DNA提取并純化。
1.1.2 試劑和設(shè)備選擇
TaqDNA聚合酶、10×PCR Buffer(without Mg2+:100mM Tris-HCl,pH 8.8,25℃;500mM KCl)、MgCl2(25mM)、dNTP(10mM)、6×DNA Loading Dye(生工,上海);PCR產(chǎn)物純化回收試劑盒(生工,上海),限制性?xún)?nèi)切酶SacI(MBI,英國(guó));基因組DNA提取試劑盒(碧云天,北京)。PCR反應(yīng)擴(kuò)增儀(加拿大 BBI公司);SW-CJ-1D潔凈工作臺(tái)(蘇潔,江蘇);DK-8D型電熱恒溫水槽(森信,上海);DYY-8型穩(wěn)壓穩(wěn)流電泳儀(琪特,上海);YXJ-2離心機(jī)(湘儀,湖南);凝膠成像系統(tǒng)(Gene Genius,美國(guó))。
1.2 研究方法
1.2.1 基因組DNA提取和純化
將組織標(biāo)本液氮速凍、研磨后,立刻用蛋白酶K行37 ℃水浴消化,然后按照基因組DNA提取試劑盒說(shuō)明提取DNA并純化,最后將基因組DNA溶解于200 μL nuclease-free water中,儲(chǔ)存于-20 ℃冰箱中。
1.2.2 miR-146a(rs2910164) 單核苷酸多態(tài)性分析
單核苷酸多態(tài)性通過(guò)PCR-RFLP法分析,其主要過(guò)程為miR-146a(rs2910164)PCR擴(kuò)增引物:Forward 5 '-TTC CAT GGG TTG TGT CAG TGT CAG ACG T-3';FN TTC CAT GGG TTG TGT CAG TGT CAG AGC T;Reverse 5'-TTT CTC ACA GGA ACT CAC ACT CCT T-3',反應(yīng)條件是95 ℃ 10 min;95 ℃ 45 sec;65 ℃ 1 min;72 ℃ 1 min,共38個(gè)循環(huán),最后于72 ℃反應(yīng)8 min。 20 μL PCR 產(chǎn)物經(jīng)過(guò)SacI限制性?xún)?nèi)切酶消化,上樣于2%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳進(jìn)行電泳,并用DNA凝膠成像系統(tǒng)觀察結(jié)果。
1.2.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
數(shù)據(jù)處理采用SPSS for windows 17 軟件。結(jié)果分析采用卡方檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 miR-146a(rs2910164)基因多態(tài)性酶切結(jié)果
miR-146a(rs2910164)產(chǎn)物經(jīng)過(guò)SacI酶切后基因多態(tài)性特點(diǎn)分別是不能被內(nèi)切酶消化者為G/G基因型、雜合型為C/G基因型,而完全消化者為C/C基因型(圖1)。
2.2 miR-146a(rs2910164)基因型和基因頻率(表1)
表1顯示,miR-146a(rs2910164)G/G、C/G和C/C基因型頻率在青?;刈逦赴┙M和對(duì)照組中分別是45.2%、47.6%、7.1%和34.2%、47.4%、18.4%,G和A等位基因頻率為0.69、0.31和0.58、0.42,其中基因型頻率在青海回族胃癌組和對(duì)照組間無(wú)顯著性差異(P=0.268),G和A等位基因頻率在青?;刈逦赴┙M和對(duì)照組中亦無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.300)。
圖1 miR-146a(rs2910164)PCR酶切基因多態(tài)性分析圖
Figure1 Thegenetic polymorphisms of miR-146a (rs2910164) analyzedbyPCR
(M:DNA 馬克;1、5、12、14為C/C型;2、3、4、6、8、11、13、15、17為C/G型;7、16、18為G/G型)(M:DNA marker;1、5、12、14are C/C genotype;2、3、4、6、8、11、13、15、17are C/G genotype;7、16、18 are G/G genotype)
表1 miR-146a(rs2910164)基因與青?;刈逦赴┌l(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系(%)
Table 1 Relationshipof genotype distribution of miR-146a (rs2910164) polymorphism with the risk
本研究結(jié)果顯示,miR-146a(rs2910164)單核苷酸多態(tài)性三種基因型及等位基因分布頻率在青海地區(qū)不存在地域性,與青?;刈逦赴┮赘行詿o(wú)關(guān)。
胃癌的發(fā)生是一個(gè)多步驟多基因參與的過(guò)程,牽涉到很多因素,目前認(rèn)為遺傳因素、環(huán)境因素、生物因素(如幽門(mén)螺桿菌感染)和不良生活習(xí)慣及它們相互作用共同促成了胃癌的發(fā)生和發(fā)展。但個(gè)體對(duì)胃癌易感性的不同在胃癌發(fā)生中扮演重要的角色,而這種不同的易感性的遺傳學(xué)基礎(chǔ)是人類(lèi)基因組DNA序列的變異性,其中最常見(jiàn)的是單核苷酸多態(tài)性(SNP),其占已知基因多態(tài)性的90%左右,說(shuō)明其在遺傳特異性、基因特異性及易感性研究方面占有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),如程序死亡因子-1(Programmed death-1,PD-1)、腫瘤生長(zhǎng)因子(Tumor growth Factor)-beta-1因子多態(tài)性和胃癌易感性有密切關(guān)系;白介素-16(IL-16)、IL-17單核苷酸多態(tài)性與胃癌易感有關(guān)。對(duì)于胃癌患者預(yù)后與miR-146a(rs2910164)C>G多態(tài)性的關(guān)系,目前的研究結(jié)論尚不一致。在日本,預(yù)后最好的胃癌基因型為CC基因型[15-16]。由于CC基因型患者胃癌組織中的miR-146a表達(dá)較高,其通過(guò)下調(diào)白介素1受體相關(guān)激酶(IRAK1)和表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體(EG-FR)來(lái)抑制胃癌細(xì)胞遷移和浸潤(rùn)。因此miR-146a低表達(dá)的胃癌患者更容易發(fā)生血管侵犯和淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移,從而導(dǎo)致生存率下降[17-18]。而在韓國(guó)則相反,CC基因型的生存率卻低于CG/GG基因型[19]。在希臘和德國(guó),miR-146aC>G(rs2910164)多態(tài)性與胃癌患者的預(yù)后不具有相關(guān)性[20]。有Meta分析表明[21],亞洲人群中胃癌發(fā)生與miR-146aC>G(rs2910164)多態(tài)性具有相關(guān)性,而在高加索人群則不具有相關(guān)性。上述結(jié)論的不一致,可能主要與種族差異有關(guān)。
本研究顯示,miR-146a(rs2910164)G/G、C/G和C/C基因型頻率在青?;刈逦赴┖驼N葛つそM織中表達(dá)無(wú)明顯差異性,意即其單核苷酸多態(tài)性與青?;刈逦赴┮赘行詻](méi)有相關(guān)關(guān)系,不存在地域性差異。單個(gè)堿基突變有時(shí)候?qū)е峦x突變,蛋白整體功能不受影響,但是會(huì)提升其與其他蛋白、病原體或病毒的結(jié)合能力,如p53基因在單個(gè)堿基發(fā)生突變后,與病毒結(jié)合能力就有巨大的提高,導(dǎo)致個(gè)體對(duì)某種疾病的易感性就明顯提升。雖然還未明確miR-146a(rs2910164)單核苷酸突變?cè)谥虏》肿訖C(jī)制中的具體作用,但是利用分子手段進(jìn)行單核苷酸多態(tài)性分析,在臨床上可對(duì)胃癌早期診斷和預(yù)測(cè)提供幫助。
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Relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms of miR-146a(rs2910164)with the susceptibility of gastric cancerin Qinghai Hui patients
Ji Dongde1,Yang Xueying2,Wang Ronghua3,An Ling1,Li Zhenge4,Su Zhanhai5#
(1.The people′s hospital of Qinghai Province;2.Chinese Universityof Metrology;3.Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital;4.Qinghai Red Cross Hospital;5.Qinghai University Medical College)
Objective To study the relationshipofmiR-146a(rs2910164)single nucleotide polymorphismswith the susceptibility ofgastric cancer in Qinghai Hui patients.Methods 42 gastric cancer tissues and 38 normal mucosa from patientswithgastriccancerinHui ethnic peoplewere selected,the genome DNA wasisolated and miR-146a(rs2910164)genotypes G/G,G/C and C/C single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP.Results The genotype of miR-146a(rs2910164)G/G,G/C,C/C in the gastric cancer group and in the control groupwere 45.2%,47.6%,7.1% and 34.2%,47.4%,18.4%,respectively.The allele frequent of G and C in gastric cancer group and in the control group were 0.69,0.31 and 0.58,0.42,respectively.The frequent of genotype and allele between gastric cancer group and control group werenot statistically different(P=0.268,P=0.300).Conclusions The single nucleotide polymorphism of miR-146a (rs2910164)is not correlated with the susceptibility of gastric cancer in Qinghai hui patients.
miR-146a(rs2910164) Single nucleotide polymorphism QinghaiHuiethnicpatientswithgastric cancer susceptibility
R735.2
A
10.13452/j.cnki.jqmc.2016.02.010
2015-09-08
吉棟德(1978~),男,漢族,青海籍,主治醫(yī)師. #:通信作者,教授,博士生導(dǎo)師,Email:suzhanhai@qhu.edu.cn