觀完形“三生”演變?nèi)√羁諠M分“真經(jīng)”

張建新+郭玉章

完形填空試題是一個成熟而穩(wěn)定的題型。唯其成熟而穩(wěn)定，考生往往見怪不怪，熟視無睹，忽視了許多可以提高分?jǐn)?shù)成就自我的地方。今天，就讓我們條分縷析，揭開她的神秘面紗，深刻認(rèn)識完形填空試題，提高認(rèn)識，超越自我。

一、深挖掘——完形填空乃“三生”有“型”

首先，讓我們走入完形填空的往世、今生與來世，將她的“三生”看個仔細(xì)，充分破解完形填空試題的秘密！

1.述往世， 完形師出名門有依據(jù)

1953年，Wilson Taylor 最先根據(jù)格式塔心理學(xué)原理提出完形填空試題理論。該理論認(rèn)為，人的心理現(xiàn)象最基本的特征是在意識經(jīng)驗中所顯現(xiàn)的事物的結(jié)構(gòu)性或整體性。

在右圖中，雖然畫圖者只是在部分區(qū)域加入黑色圖案，但人們總會把黑色和白色結(jié)合起來看成是一個完整的熊貓圖形?；谙嗤睦碚?，命題者可以通過讓被試者補充完整一篇部分信息缺失的文章來考查被試者的語言和思維能力。

例如：

What gets us into trouble is not what we dont . Its what we know for sure that just isnt so. 句中的空白造成部分信息缺失；但我們根據(jù)前后句對比就知道這句話的意思是：讓我們陷入困境的不是無知，而是看似正確的謬誤論斷。從而推斷出空白處應(yīng)該填入的是know。

完形填空可以從詞匯、短語、句式和篇章等四個難度逐漸增加的層次來設(shè)置試題，詞匯級別對語言要求較多，但對思維能力要求最低，語篇層次試題對語言和思維能力要求最高。高考完形填空試題在四個層次都有涉及，但更注重考查學(xué)生的語言和思維能力，故詞匯和篇章兩個層次是設(shè)題的重點。

2.看今生，完形多變守規(guī)章

近年高考試題中完形填空的試題設(shè)置雖然在形式上千變?nèi)f化，呈現(xiàn)出百花齊放的局面，但也遵守考查語言和思維能力的一定之規(guī)，表現(xiàn)出極強的規(guī)律性。下面以全國Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷及部分有代表性的地方試題為例，列表對比試題的規(guī)律和變革：

表一2014年高考完形填空試題對比

類別

體裁

題材

詞數(shù)

設(shè)空

分值占比

全國Ⅰ卷

議論文

久而生厭

251

20

20%

全國Ⅱ卷

記敘文

登山救援

273

20

20%

北京卷

記敘文

新同學(xué)融入

456

20

20%

廣東卷

說明文

家長子女關(guān)系

295

15

20%

江西卷

記敘文

機器人家庭

413

20

20%

從表一可以看出：

（1）完形填空在不同試卷中所占的分值比基本相同，占總試卷分值的20%。其分值占比僅次于閱讀理解，是整套試卷中第二大分值題型。這個試題值得你努力，這個分值值得你擁有！

（2）體裁以記敘文或者夾敘夾議的記敘文為主，間或采用議論文或說明文。文體與難度無關(guān)，只和熟悉度有關(guān)。平時練習(xí)如果僅局限于記敘文，考試時遇見了不同文體，自然礙手礙腳。

（3）題材大多選用與考生年齡相仿的時代故事，較少在內(nèi)容上設(shè)置難度。但是，留意生活，關(guān)心時事，也是考生應(yīng)有之為。

[JP+1]

（4）為了給考生留下一個比較清晰的背景介紹，試題設(shè)空一般不出現(xiàn)在文章的第一句。設(shè)空間隔詞數(shù)從12至25詞不定。顯然，設(shè)空越密集，難度越大。但試題設(shè)空一般比較均勻。[JP]

表二試題選項類別數(shù)量對比

[HT6]

類別

名詞

動詞

形容詞

副詞

介詞

連詞

短語

答案分布

全國Ⅰ卷

9

4

3

3

0

0

1

5A6B4C5D

全國Ⅱ卷

3

6

3

5

0

0

3

5A5B5C5D

北京卷

5

9

3

1

1

1

0

5A5B5C5D

廣東卷

6

6

2

1

0

0

0

4A4B3C4D

江西卷

7

6

4

1

0

1

1

5A5B5C5D[HT]

從表二可以看出：

（1）試題考查以語義性填空為主，功能性填空為輔。功能性填空主要考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)及一些固定搭配，要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或連詞。從5份試卷選項設(shè)置可以看出，功能性填空占比很少，甚至在一些試卷中不做考查。以測試考生的閱讀能力和總體語言水平為主的設(shè)空叫語義性填空，要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)膶嵲~， 如名詞、動詞、形容詞或副詞等。語義性填空要求考生準(zhǔn)確完整理解文章意思，完全復(fù)原文章，數(shù)量在各個試卷中基本都占到總題數(shù)的90%以上。因此，做好完形填空試題最關(guān)鍵的秘訣是理解、理解還是理解！讀懂文章，理解文意，就是做好完形填空的不二法門！endprint

（2）名詞考查點主要集中在詞義辨析和搭配；動詞的考查點主要體現(xiàn)在非謂語形式、短語組合、詞義辨析和用法搭配等；形容詞和副詞主要考查詞義辨析。此外，70%左右的選項需要根據(jù)文章的上下文來進行選擇，這充分而必要地證明了 “選項語境化，試題語篇化”的完形填空命題原則，根據(jù)語篇和文意選出最佳答案，是完形填空分值最大化的最佳途徑。

（3）答案分布一般均勻，但不排除個別例外。規(guī)律既是人制造的，也是被人用來打破的。但一般均勻的答案分布可以幫助我們在個別難題上做出甄別。

3.思來世，完形有形可綢繆

表三全國Ⅰ卷近5年變遷

[HT6]

年份

體裁

題材

詞數(shù)

語義性選項

功能性選項

難度

2010

記敘文

夫妻情深

273

75%

25%

0.65

2011

記敘文

教師誤導(dǎo)

224

100%

0%

0.50

2012

說明文

體態(tài)語的重要

251

90%

10%

0.54

2013

記敘文

殘疾活動體驗

205

95%

5%

0.55

2014

議論文

久而生厭

251

100%

0%

0.58[HT]

展望未來，完形填空作為一個穩(wěn)定而成熟的題型，必然會保持“整體穩(wěn)定，局部創(chuàng)新，穩(wěn)中有變，變而不改基本規(guī)律”。試題體裁依然會以記敘文為主，少量選用說明文或議論文；題材貼近考生生活，不以偏難題材制勝；文章選材大都以意義積極、導(dǎo)向明確的優(yōu)美文章為主，讀來讓人不單單在語言知識方面大有收獲，而且在道德情感上也受到深深感染，具有傳播正能量、弘揚主旋律的功用；文章詞數(shù)基本穩(wěn)定在250左右，但略有減少；難度系數(shù)總在55%左右，上一年偏難或偏易后會略加修正；從選項設(shè)置上可以看出，近年在選項命題上越來越傾向于設(shè)置語義性選項，功能性選項數(shù)量逐年下降，甚至出現(xiàn)完全不考查的年份。

作為考生，應(yīng)該采取“精選試題，勤練多思把握規(guī)律”的策略，珍惜時間，注重效果，在短時間內(nèi)高效學(xué)習(xí)，迅速提高自己的做題能力。凡是與高考命題原則不相符合的模擬試題，一律放棄不做。精選優(yōu)質(zhì)試題，不求數(shù)量求質(zhì)量，按照做題規(guī)律，勤練多思，把握解題規(guī)律，尋找破解之道。

下面就是完形填空的解題規(guī)律，你做好準(zhǔn)備了嗎？

二、細(xì)琢磨——完形填空真“庖丁之牛”

近年整體來看，試題難度雖然在一直下降，但完形填空卻仍然是整套試題中一個拉開差距的重要考查題型。同學(xué)們要力爭避免以下錯誤的做題方法：

★邊看文章邊選答案，匆忙作答。這樣做題，看似很節(jié)省時間，但會造成“一錯再錯，連續(xù)犯錯”的惡果。

[JP+2]

★憑空猜想，不看上下文。做題的時候不注意從語境中尋找答案，而是憑自己的猜想去選擇答案。做題時覺得自己選擇的很有道理，一核對答案，又覺得自己錯得太離譜。[JP]

★漢語思維，忽略文章和英語習(xí)慣。這樣的后果就是：自以為是，其實不是！

正確解答完形填空試題應(yīng)該采用以下的方式，無論是高考還是平時的練習(xí)。按照正確的方法做題，養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，你就踏上了成功的快速通道！

1.通讀全文明大意

完形填空試題的命題原則是“選項語境化，試題語篇化”，答案就蘊含在上下文語境的理解之中。所以，要正確理解完形填空試題文章，就必須首先完整通讀文章，準(zhǔn)確把握文章所要表達的意思。例如：

（1）As a matter of fact， we can see this principle at work in people of all42.（2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

42. A. partiesB. races

C. countriesD. ages

解析：通讀全文，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)下面分別從children， adolescents， young adults和retired people來論證這個原理， 所以選擇D。

（2）But Simon decided to risk his 45and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（繩）. （2014年全國Ⅱ卷）

45. A. fortuneB. time

C. healthD. life

解析：讀完全文，就知道Simon是在冒著自己的生命危險要把Joe救下山，故選D。

2.細(xì)研首句定大局

[JP+1]

完形填空第一句話除非是復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句，否則，一般不在首句命制試題。這就給考生一個清晰而完整的文章背景。說明文和議論文一般在第一句話給出文章的主題句，交代全文的主題；記敘文往往介紹了事件發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物和起因等細(xì)節(jié)信息。仔細(xì)分析文章的首句，往往能獲取好多的解題信息，不可忽視。[JP]

[JP+1]

在2014年全國Ⅰ卷中，文章首句“As a general rule， all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常規(guī)）basis.”就開篇明意地告訴我們文章的主要論點：基于常規(guī)基礎(chǔ)所做的任何行為必然導(dǎo)致厭倦。明白全文的觀點，就很容易理解下面分別從4個不同年齡段的人的行為進行論證的對比結(jié)構(gòu)形式，一些試題就會迎刃而解，例如：[JP]endprint

As a matter of fact， we can see this 41 at work in people of all ages. （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

41. A. principleB. habit

C. weakerD. power

解析：本題的難度系數(shù)為0.41， 在完形填空中屬于得分較低的一個試題。但文章的開頭就已經(jīng)告訴我們這是一個general rule，而且根據(jù)意思理解，本文觀點也是人們的一個常見心理行為，而不是一個“習(xí)慣”。但有37.89%的考生選擇了B，實在令人嘆惜。

3.常規(guī)情理選大數(shù)

在通讀全文和仔細(xì)分析首句后，考生通常對全文意思會有準(zhǔn)確把握。在此基礎(chǔ)上，按照生活常識和一般情理，我們通常能做出約70%的簡單試題。高考試題的一個重要命題原則就是“所選有所據(jù)”，換句話說，每一個答案在上下文中必然有所提示。我們考生應(yīng)該努力找到這些提示，爭取得到高分。例如：

（1）詞語搭配

Before people retire， they usually 55 to do a lot of great things， which they never had time to do while working. （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

55. A. needB. learn

C. startD. plan

解析：在退休之前，他們還需要工作，沒有時間做自己想做的事，所以他們也只能想想，根據(jù)后面的動詞不定式形式，我們可以輕松知道答案為D。

（2）生活常識

For example， on Christmas morning， children are excited about43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off. （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

43. A. workingB. living

C. playingD. going

44. A. confidenceB. interest

C. anxietyD. sorrow

解析：根據(jù)生活常識，孩子們肯定要“玩耍”他們的玩具，看到后面的介詞with很容易就想到固定搭配play with。玩一段時間后，他們就會失去“興趣”而將它們?nèi)拥揭贿?。?3題選C，44題選B。

（3）上下語境

One day a 11 walked in and the parrot said to the man.（2014年山東卷）

11. A. groupB. team

C. coupleD. crowd

解析：本題出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭，但根據(jù)文章最后一段中的句子“A couple of weeks passed and in walked this guy and his wife again.”可以判斷出進來的是“一對夫妻”，故選C。

4.邏輯思路除疑難

對于完形填空中的一些疑難試題，我們要注意采用多種邏輯分析方式來選擇最合適的選項或者排除不合理的選項。

（1）指代關(guān)系

When parents bring home a pet， their child gladly bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time， however， the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.（2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

49. A. promiseB. burden

C. rightD. game

解析：根據(jù)上一句話，可知是用burden來指代給寵物洗澡、梳理毛發(fā)等“辛苦活兒”， 故選B。

（2）相反關(guān)系

All our17life， I was the “artist”， bringing to our house much imagination. Steve was the “18” one. （2014年重慶卷）

17. A. separateB. shared

C. spiritualD. social

18. A. activeB. boring

C. carelessD. practical

解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知：作者和自己丈夫共同生活期間，作者過著藝術(shù)家般的想象生活；與之對比，丈夫包攬了家里的一切雜活，是個“實干家”。前后對比，可知17選B，18選D。

（3）并列關(guān)系

The world is full of46 stamp albums and unfinished models， each standing as a monument to someones passing interest. （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

46.A. wellorganized

B. colorfullyprinted

C. newly collected

D. halffilled

解析：46題的難度系數(shù)是0.38，難度比較大，但是根據(jù)and并列結(jié)構(gòu)后面的unfinished很容易選出答案應(yīng)該是D。

（4）其他邏輯

①Sweetie， my company wants to16 me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling that youve done well and allowing you to skip a grade （跳級）.（2014年天津卷）endprint

16. A. attractB. promote

C. surpriseD. praise

解析：由下文母親比喻作者跳級的問題可知，母親要升職，但是要到巴西工作，故選B。

②It wasnt a 40 operation like iceskating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet.（2014年湖南卷）

40. A. directB. single

C. smoothD. strange

解析：熨衣服不像滑冰，而像在一個每10英尺就有個停止信號的路上開車。這個比喻也很清楚地告訴了我們，熨衣服不能順利進行，而是需要不停地停頓。故選C。

（5）排除方法

①Then another 47 occurred. They couldnt see or hear each other. （2014年全國Ⅱ卷）

47. A. damageB. storm

C. changeD. trouble

解析：本題難度較大，好多考生選擇了B?？紤]到修飾語another，必然是呼應(yīng)前面的內(nèi)容，而前面的內(nèi)容是說Joe在下山時摔斷了腿，據(jù)此可以排除B，故選D。

②Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country， you should be aware of those differences and 28 them.（2014年重慶卷）

28. A. rejectB. recite

C. respectD.remove

解析：有的考生對于respect只知道有“尊重”的意思，卻不知道還有“遵守”的意思。但對于不同的文化差異，我們肯定不可能“拒絕”或者“背誦”，也不可能“去除”。排除三個不可能的答案，自然就可以選出正確選項C。

5.仔細(xì)復(fù)查有保障

根據(jù)高考評卷數(shù)據(jù)對比可以看出，雖然試卷整體難度不高，但簡單的文章中也總會有為數(shù)不多的幾個試題得分率非常低。仔細(xì)研究這幾個試題就會發(fā)現(xiàn)：突破長難句，準(zhǔn)確理解文章意思，就是學(xué)生攻破瓶頸，奪取高分的關(guān)鍵。以全國新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷完形填空為例， 得分率較低的幾個試題分析如下：

（1）But their interest soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

45. A. sameB. extra

C. funnyD. expensive

解析：該題的正確率只有28%，是完形填空中正答率最低的試題。該題得分率低，主要原因不是學(xué)生分辨不清四個選項，而是被句子意思所迷惑。這是一個“主謂賓+賓補”的句子，而且使用了被動語態(tài)，改變了正常的表達順序，還原后句子應(yīng)該為：（We） can find those 45toys put away in the basement by January. 意思是：（圣誕節(jié)時小孩子對這些新玩具愛不釋手），到一月份我們就會發(fā)現(xiàn)（還是）這些相同的玩具卻被收藏在了地下室里。故選A。

（2）The world is full of 46stamp albums and unfinished models， each standing as a monument to someones 47 interest. （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

46. A. wellorganized

B. colorfullyprinted

C. newlycollected

D. halffilled

47. A. broadB. passing

C. differentD. main

解析：46題的正確率為38%，47題的正答率為36%。除了選項具有一定的干擾性之外，還因為文章中使用了獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)“each standing as a monument”增加了理解上的難度。46選D，47選B。

（3）And then， how many adults， who now complain （抱怨） about the long drives to work， 53 drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their drivers licenses （執(zhí)照）？ （2014年全國Ⅰ卷）

53. A. carefullyB. eagerly

C. nervouslyD. bravely

解析：53題的正確率只有49%。錯誤率高的主要原因是中間的定語從句“who now complain （抱怨） about the long drives to work”對選項產(chǎn)生了巨大的干擾。定語從句講述現(xiàn)在司機厭煩了開車，這和主句中過去剛拿到駕照時的司機迫切盼望開車上路形成對比。好多考生只注意句子意思而忽視了時態(tài)上前后的對比，所以就按照意思選擇了錯誤的答案。本題選B。

基于以上的分析，建議同學(xué)們平時在學(xué)習(xí)上要注意牢固把握基本句式，特別注意準(zhǔn)確分析和理解長難句式，形成“基礎(chǔ)有把握，難點有突破”。在考試的時候，對于長難的句式，要給予特別的關(guān)注和復(fù)查，做到準(zhǔn)確理解，正確選擇。endprint

三、勤思練——完形填空如翻掌之易

下面精心選擇的完形填空試題中，前面兩篇具有濃郁的技術(shù)特點，同學(xué)們對比上面所講的解題策略，仔細(xì)琢磨，認(rèn)真體會，這兩篇試題可以讓你迅速把握完形填空的做題技巧，高效提高自己的解題能力；第三篇試題比較容易，做一做，比一比，看看你是否能得心應(yīng)手地應(yīng)用你所學(xué)的做題技巧；第4～5兩篇文章是中等難度的試題；最后一篇具有較大難度，拾級而上，你的水平是否也能水漲船高呢？

（一）

For hours I had been traveling up the Nile Valley， from Luxor to Cairo，on a train jammed with Egypts working poor.

At 1 a.m. I 1 Cairo and took a taxi to Tahrir Square. I was 2and，having been to Cairo before， knew that while most of the city was 3 at this hour， a couple of fastfood restaurants would be open there.

The taxi dropped me 4across the street from Hardees. A moment later，just as I was about to 5 the restaurant door，two street children ran towards me with full 6 for food.

Being a veteran（經(jīng)驗豐富的） traveler 7 having once lived in Egypt for a year，I was no stranger to children 8 or people asking me for help. But seldom had I been so 9 by the sincerity of the request.

I turned back to the 10 and asked them to wait while I went inside to buy them food. At the counter I 11 two hamburgers for the boys.

When their food was ready， I walked back 12 and invited them in to eat with me. “No！” they cried 13.“We do not belong in such a nice place！”

14 to persuade them otherwise， I brought the 15 out，and as they took the burgers， they showered me with 30 seconds of nonstop 16， praying that Allah would always bless me.

And this is 17， five years later， I still ask for Gods blessings for those two Egyptian boys. I 18 as sincerely as they had for me， 19 that while they had nothing material to give， they had given me something 20， an awareness of my spiritual poverty and a desire for a softer heart.

1.A.reachedB.saw

C.visitedD.noticed

2.A.thirstyB.angry

C.hungryD.frightened

3.A.let downB.closed down

C.got downD.put down

4.A.awayB.back

C.outD.off

5.A.shutB.lock

C.coverD.open

6.A.smilesB.hardships

C.criesD.honors

7.A.apart fromB.as well as

C.in favor ofD.in return for

8.A.beatingB.struggling

C.beggingD.trembling

9.A.surprisedB.regretted

C.appointedD.moved

10.A.boysB.drivers

C.waitersD.workers

11.A.orderedB.demanded

C.requestedD.deserved

12.A.insideB.outside

C.forwardD.backward

13.A.happilyB.cheerfully

C.astonishinglyD.sadly

14.A.UnableB.Impossible

C.ReadyD.Willing

15.A.bookB.foodendprint

C.cookD.look

16.A.blessingsB.belongings

C.campaignsD.challenges

17.A.howB.why

C.whereD.when

18.A.tellB.speak

C.prayD.bow

19.A.forgettingB.following

C.regrettingD.remembering

20.A.greaterB.fewer

C.lessD.lower

（二）

A businesswoman got into a taxi in midtown. As it was the rush hour and she was in a1to catch a train， she2a quick way to reach it.“I have been a taxi driver for 15 years！” the driver said3. “You dont think I know the best way to go？”

The woman tried to explain that she hadnt 4to annoy him， but the driver kept5. She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be6， so she changed her7. “You know， you are right， ” she told him. “It must seem 8 for me not to think you know the best way9 the city.”

10， the driver glanced at his11in the rearview mirror， turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time.“He didnt say another word the rest of the ride，” she said. “12I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me.”

When you find yourself13with people like the taxi driver， you will always try to14 your idea. It can lead to longer arguments， lose job chances or 15 marriages. I have discovered one simple16extremely unlikely method that can prevent the disagreement or other difficult situations from17in a disaster.

The18is to put yourself in the other persons shoes and look for the19 in what that person is saying. Find a way to20， and the result may surprise you.

1. A. hurryB. rush

C. momentD. way

2. A. choseB. made

C. foundD. suggested

3. A. jokinglyB. angrily

C. anxiouslyD. curiously

4. A. supposedB. expected

C. meantD. decided

5. A. apologizingB. driving

C. askingD. shouting

6. A. reasonableB. thoughtful

C. normalD. practical

7. A. roadB. mind

C. directionD. manner

8. A. strangeB. wrong

C. terribleD. stupid

9. A. acrossB. in

C. throughD. along

10. A. SurprisedB. Worried

C. AnnoyedD. Disappointed

11. A. riderB. speaker

C. helperD. comer

12. A. untilB. after

C. becauseD. since

13. A. satisfiedB. concerned

C. crowdedD. faced

14. A. give upB. turn down

C. stick toD. point out

15. A. combineB. destroy

C. sufferD. divide

16. A. andB. that

C. butD. though

17. A. lyingB. resultingendprint

C. settingD. leading

18. A. problemB. importance

C. keyD. reply

19. A. factB. meaning

C. expressionD. truth

20. A. agreeB. argue

C. explainD. escape

（三）

When I was growing up， I had an old neighbour named Dr. Gibbs. He didnt look like other doctors I had ever known. He never 1 at us for playing in his yard. I remember him as someone nice and 2. When Dr. Gibbs wasnt saving 3， he was planting trees. His house sat on ten acres， and his lifes 4was to make it a forest.

But he 5 watered his new trees. Once I asked why. He said that watering plants would6 them， and that 7 you water them， each successive（后繼的） 8 of trees will grow weaker and weaker. So you have to make things 9 for them.

Hed planted an oak， and instead of watering it every morning， hed 10 it with a rolledup newspaper. I asked him why he did that， and he said it was to cause the trees 11. Dr. Gibbs passed away a couple of years ago. 12， I walk by his house and look at the trees that I watched him plant some 25 years ago. They are big and 13 now. Sufferings seemed to 14 them in ways ease and 15 never could.

Every night before I go to bed， I check on my two sons. I stand over them and watch their little bodies， the rising and falling of life within. I often pray for them. Mostly I pray that their lives will be 16. But lately Ive been thinking that its time to 17 my prayer， because life is 18， whether we want it to be or not. Too many times we pray for ease， but thats what we seldom 19. What we need to do is to pray for roots that reach deep into the earth， so when the rains fall and the winds blow， we wont be 20.

1. A. smiledB. shouted

C. lookedD. kicked

2. A. coldB. lonely

C. mildD. careful

3. A. moneyB. lives

C. flowersD. energy

4. A. goalB. way

C. attitudeD. theory

5. A. regularlyB. sometimes

C. neverD. always

6. A. removeB. benefit

C. drownD. spoil

7. A. ifB. unless

C. althoughD. since

8. A. kindB. group

C. rankD. generation

9. A. roughB. free

C. availableD. poisonous

10. A. protectedB. tied

C. beatD. wrapped

11. A. angerB. defense

C. shadeD. death

12. A. More or lessB. Now and again

C. Sooner or laterD. Here and there

13. A. thinB. dying

C. ripeD. strong

14. A. benefitB. harm

C. affectD. changeendprint

15. A. cureB. danger

C. comfortD. difficulty

16. A. interestingB. colorful

C. easyD. hopeful

17. A. strengthenB. change

C. repeatD. realize

18. A. toughB. helpless

C. variousD. valuable

19. A. seekB. prove

C. shareD. meet

20. A. challengedB. defeated

C. missedD. forgotten

（四）

I was cleaning out an old box when an old card caught my eye：Queen City Casket Company. “What is it？” I wondered. I1it over. There， in faded ink， was a handscrawled（手寫的）2.Immediately my mind traveled3many years.

I was nine years old， walking down the cold， wet streets of Springfield， with a bag of magazines on my shoulder. On my4that day， I came to that Company finally， whose owner， Mr. Rader， had always taken me there to ask his workers5they wanted any magazines.

Shaking off the6like a wet dog， I entered Mr. Raders office. After a quick glance he 7me over to the fireplace. Noticing the8in the top of my9， he said， “Come with me！” pulling me into his pickup10 . We pulled to a stop before a shoe store. Inside， a salesman11me with the finest pair of Oxfords I had12 seen. I 13about 10 feet tall when I got up14 them. “Wed like a pair of new socks， too.” Mr. Rader said.

Back in his office， Mr. Rader took out a15， wrote something on it， and handed it to me. With16eyes， I read， “Do to others as you would have them do to you.” He said affectionately （深情地）， “Jimmy， I want you to17I love you.”

I said goodbye， and for the first time I18a flicker of hope that somehow things would be19. With people like Mr. Rader in the world， there was hope， kindness and love， and that would always make a20.

1. A. readB. thought

C. turnedD. passed

2. A. addressB. list

C. messageD. information

3. A. forwardB. so

C. aheadD. back

4. A. returnB. rounds

C. tripD. arrival

5. A. if onlyB. how

C. whetherD. why

6. A. dustB. sweat

C. tailD. rain

7. A. ledB. followed

C. watchedD. carried

8. A. holeB. mud

C. waterD. cover

9. A. magazineB. shoe

C. sockD. bag

10. A. truckB. factory

C. homeD. store

11. A. dressedB. fitted

C. showedD. comforted

12. A. everB. already

C. neverD. hardly

13. A. appearedB. seemed

C. lookedD. felt

14. A. forB. with

C. onD. in

15. A. penB. paperendprint

C. cardD. notebook

16. A. tearfulB. unbelievable

C. curiousD. puzzled

17. A. admitB. know

C. considerD. express

18. A. sensedB. received

C. lostD. gained

19. A. mistakenB. right

C. all rightD. possible

20. A. dealB. fortune

C. choiceD. difference

（五）

It was my first year teaching in a special needs class， and I wasnt sure what to expect at our yearly Special Olympics sports meeting. My1had some challenges， from learning disabilities to cerebral palsy （大腦性麻痹）.

Mark was one with the latter. Restricted to a2， he had to fight his spasms （抽筋） just to control his movements.3， he always had a positive attitude and greeted everyone with a huge smile.

His classmates4him and always took the time to make sure he was included in group activities， especially Mike， Andy and Lucas， three boys who were good at5. Obviously， Mark wanted to be like them， unrestricted by the limitation of his6and watching them moving on the playing field seemed to fill him with7.

When the day came， Mike， Andy and Lucas8well in their sports events， and gave the normally calm audience something to cheer about. Mark sat in his wheelchair on the sidelines， 9 them on.

The final event of the day was the 400 meter race.10was invited to either walk or run， according to their ability， around the11length of the track.

When Mike， Andy and Lucas reached the finish line， they12and turned to look behind them. At the13of the crowd， determined not to be left behind， was Mark. All his classmates had14him. He was alone on the track with over half the distance left to15.

Mike， Andy and Lucas looked at each other， and a silent16passed between them. Slowly， they jogged17towards their friend， cheering him on18he had done for them moments before.

The progress was19， but in the end the three star runners and Mark crossed the finish line together to the enthusiastic cries of their teachers and classmates. Seeing the look on Marks face as he crossed the finish line， hands upraised and laughing， I came to understand what20 the Special Olympics， and the determined athletes who compete， so extraordinary.

Years later， Im still cheering them on.

1. A. partnersB. friends

C. studentsD. classmates

2. A. bedB. machine

C. wheelchairD. desk

3. A. SoB. However

C. OtherwiseD. Therefore

4. A. protectedB. satisfiedendprint

C. respectedD. loved

5. A. sportsB. practice

C. studiesD. expression

6. A. interestsB. body

C. habitsD. mind

7. A. wonderB. trust

C. stressD. reset

8. A. trainedB. played

C. operatedD. prepared

9. A. bringingB. holding

C. cheeringD. moving

10. A. SomeoneB. Nobody

C. AnybodyD. Everyone

11. A. entireB. different

C. averageD. equal

12. A. fellB. paused

C. rushedD. rested

13. A. centerB. front

C. endD. top

14. A. leftB. ignored

C. passedD. helped

15. A. continueB. jog

C. walkD. cover

16. A. demandB. thought

C. actionD. relief

17. A. backB. along

C. againD. on

18. A. whileB. although

C. sinceD. as

19. A. boringB. great

C. slowD. relaxing

20. A. leavesB. finds

C. keepsD. makes

（六）

In 1970， at the age of 35，my father was diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. There was not much 1 done at that time and my father had to 2 the medication and treatment that were available at that time. But one thing was 3， my father was not a quitter（遇困難就放棄的人）. He was a teacher who 4 children with special educational needs in Chicago Public High School. Every day we would hear 5 about “his kids”. These “Kids” did not usually 6 my sister and I.

One day， my father arrived at his school and walked up the 7 for his first period. He was having a very 8 day because the disease was really taking everything out of him. He 9 once and bruised（擦傷）his knee but he still kept going.10 did he know that someone was watching.

As the day 11 his steps began to get a little lighter. At the end of the day， he was about to leave 12 a young girl entered his office. He had met her in the hallway but she was not one of his 13. He asked what he could do for her and she said，“I just wanted to thank you for 14 my life.”

He looked at her and couldnt 15 what he had done. She then went on 16. “When I got up this morning， I felt as if I was at the end of my 17 and ready to kill myself. But when I saw you trying to go up the stairs and then you fell， I felt 18 and the feeling of sadness just kept getting 19. And now you are walking as 20 as ever. Its really true that everything will get better as the days go on.”

1. A. informationB. research

C. knowledgeD. experience

2. A. give upB. send out

C. take inD. rely onendprint

3. A. obviousB. special

C. difficultD. strange

4. A. abandonedB. followed

C. taughtD. attended

5. A. storiesB. jokes

C. songsD. humors

6. A. connectB. change

C. meanD. defeat

7. A. mountainsB. stairs

C. laddersD. streets

8. A. normalB. pleasant

C. unfortunateD. difficult

9. A. fellB. happened

C. appearedD. stood

10. A. SeldomB. Little

C. MuchD. Never

11. A. arrivedB. progressed

C. brokeD. stopped

12. A. untilB. before

C. whenD. while

13. A. studentsB. soldiers

C. teachersD. workers

14. A. losingB. giving

C. passingD. saving

15. A. write downB. figure out

C. cut offD. put up

16. A. respondingB. continuing

C. explainingD. complaining

17. A. ropeB. wall

C. roadD. work

18. A. sorryB. bad

C. luckyD. proud

19. A. clevererB. weaker

C. higherD. stronger

20. A. carefullyB. quickly

C. lightlyD. slowly

參考答案：

（一）[ZK（]1—5ACBDD

6—10CBCDA

11—15ABCAB

16—20ABCDA[ZK）]

（二）1—5ADBCD

6—10ABBCA11—15AADCB

16—20DBCDA

（三）1—5BCBAC

6—10DADAC

11—15BBDAC

16—20CBADB

（四）1—5CCDCC

6—10DAABA

11—15BADDC

16—20ABACD

（五）1—5CCBDA

6—10BABCD

11—15ABCCD

16—20BADCD

（六）1—5BDACA

6—10CBDAD

11—15BCADB

16—20CABDCendprint