Module 11 Units 1—2 單元點(diǎn)撥

Unit 1

一、重點(diǎn)詞匯

1. reflect

Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作顯示出她的智慧。

[拓展] reflect on 思考：I need some time to reflect on your suggestion. 我需要一些時(shí)間思考你的建議。

reflection

（1） Can you see your reflection in the glass？ 你能看到鏡中的映像嗎？

（2） consideration深思，考慮

At first I disagreed， but on reflection （= after thinking carefully about it）， I realized she was right.

[拓展]

經(jīng)再三考慮on / upon reflection on second thought

陷入沉思 be lost in reflection / thought

2. tough adj.

[拓展]

1） 堅(jiān)韌的;有韌性的：as tough as leather像皮革一樣堅(jiān)韌

2） 嚴(yán)酷的;苛刻的：Many homeless people are facing a tough winter. 許多無家可歸的人正面臨著一個(gè)嚴(yán)寒的冬天。

3） 困難的;費(fèi)力的;難切難吃的：tough meat老肉

4） 困難的;費(fèi)力的或麻煩的： a tough job棘手的工作

They will be a tough team to beat. 他們將是一個(gè)難以應(yīng)付的團(tuán)隊(duì)。

5） 堅(jiān)決的;強(qiáng)硬的;頑強(qiáng)的

a tough policy強(qiáng)硬的政策 a tough guy 〈美口〉硬漢 a tough law 嚴(yán)格的

3. support vt. / n. 支持，支撐，贍養(yǎng)，供養(yǎng)

（1） 支撐;托住These posts support the roof. 這些柱子支撐著房頂。

（2） 資助;鼓勵(lì);幫助

She supports her husband on the money she earns from teaching. 她用教書掙的錢資助丈夫。

（3） 擁護(hù);支持

Which football team do you support？ 你支持哪個(gè)足球隊(duì)？

[拓展] be in support of sb. / sth. 支援某人/某物

4. approach v. 對付，處理，向……靠近 n. 方法

[拓展]

approach a problem 處理問題

approach the enemys ship 靠近敵人的船

a correct approach to the subject 研究這個(gè)問題的正確方法

5. option n. 選擇;選擇權(quán);選擇自由，可選擇的東西任選項(xiàng);取舍;任意

[拓展]

at ones option 隨意

There are four options in our college. 我們大學(xué)里有四門選修科。

have no option but to （do） 除了……以外沒有他法，只好……;leave ones options open 不做選擇;不表態(tài);不做承諾;留有回旋余地;leave to ones option 任意選擇;make ones option 進(jìn)行選擇

You have no option. 你沒有選擇的余地。

There are three options open to us in that matter. 在那個(gè)問題上我們有三個(gè)選擇的可能。

optional adj. 可選擇的

It is optional with you. 那是你的自由。

Attendance at the lecture is optional. 這一講座可隨意參加。

[拓展] 選修課 optional / elective subjects;必修課 compulsory subjects

6. investigate vt. 調(diào)查，研究

那位偵探被派去調(diào)查該罪行。The detective was sent to investigate the crime.

investigation n. 研究;調(diào)查

[拓展] 實(shí)施調(diào)查 conduct / carry out an investigation;investigative adj. 研究的，調(diào)查的

二、重點(diǎn)詞組

1. under pressure 處于壓力之下

[課文原句再現(xiàn)] They are also under great pressure to appear young and beautiful. 他們也承受著巨大的壓力，要顯得年輕漂亮。

[拓展]

The president was under pressure to deal with the food crisis. 總統(tǒng)處于要處理糧食危機(jī)的壓力。

stress n. 壓力，緊迫，困難，（心理、生理或情緒上的）緊張

under the stress of poverty 在貧困的壓力下

time of stress 危難之際，非常時(shí)期

stress and pressure 緊張和壓力

[拓展] n. 重視;強(qiáng)調(diào) lay [place， put] stress on 把重點(diǎn)放在……上;在……上用力

We must lay stress on self reliance. 我們必須強(qiáng)調(diào)自立更生。

vt. 著重;強(qiáng)調(diào)

I must stress that we havent much time. 我必須強(qiáng)調(diào)我們沒有多少時(shí)間了。

The director stressed that point in particular. 廠長特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了那一點(diǎn)。

2. go about sth. 從事，著手做， 繼續(xù)做……

go about sth.—continue to do; keep busy with 繼續(xù)做，忙于做

Could you please inform me how to go about contacting a lawyer？ 請您告訴我怎樣去聯(lián)絡(luò)律師？

Despite the threat of the war， people went about their work as usual. 盡管戰(zhàn)爭一觸即發(fā)，人們?nèi)韵衿綍r(shí)一樣工作。

忙于日常事務(wù) go about ones daily routine;go about （doing） sth. —start to do something; set about sth. 開始，著手

How do you go about repairing this telex machine？ （= set about）

3. go through... 經(jīng)歷……

[課文原句再現(xiàn)] As we go through our daily lives， we meet many different kinds of people. 在我們的日常生活中，我們要接觸到許多不同的人。

[拓展] Their marriage has been going through a bad patch in the past several years. 他們的婚姻在過去幾年經(jīng)歷了一段難熬的日子。

go through

（1） suffer / experience 遭受， 經(jīng)歷

Iraq has gone through two wars. 伊拉克經(jīng)歷兩場戰(zhàn)爭。

（2） 仔細(xì)檢查，審查

She went through the room but couldnt find the missing ring. 她仔細(xì)檢查了房間，但是沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)丟失的戒指。

（3） 履行

go through the procedures

[拓展] go down 下降;倒下;go with 伴隨;跟……相配;協(xié)調(diào);go against 違背;反對;抵抗;go in for 參加;喜歡

Thatll go against the traffic regulations. 那要違反交通規(guī)則的。

Ill go with him as far as the bus stop. 我陪他到公共汽車站。

4. correspond with... 和……相對應(yīng);與……相符合

[拓展] （1） 符合，一致[（+to / with）]

Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside？ 信封上的名字與里面信上的名字是否相同？

（2） 相當(dāng)，相應(yīng)[（+to）]

The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. 美國國會(huì)相當(dāng)于英國議會(huì)。

（3） 通信[（+with）]

Have you been corresponding with him？ 你一直和他通信嗎？

5. take pleasure in... 樂于……

[拓展] They took great pleasure in helping the people in need in the neighbourhood. 他們非常樂于幫助附近那些困難的人。

6. in contrast 與此相反 （相比之下）

But， in contrast， it is only in modern times that Galileo has become a problem child for historians of science.但是相比之下，對于科學(xué)史家來說，伽利略只是在現(xiàn)代才變成了一個(gè)成問題的孩子了。

[點(diǎn)撥] contrast n. 差別; 明顯差異

present a striking contrast to 和……成顯著的對比;form a striking contrast to 和……成顯著的對比;in contrast to / in contrast with 和……形成對比 （對照）

In contrast with their system， ours seems very oldfashioned. 我們的制度與他們的相比， 顯得過于守舊了。

[拓展] vt.， vi. （常與with連用）使對照;使對比

The writer contrasts good with evil. 作家使美好與邪惡形成對照。

Your action contrasts with your principles. 你的行為和道義對比時(shí)就顯示出差別。

7. clear up

[拓展] （1） 整理;完成;收拾

Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive？ 能請你在客人來之前打掃一下房間嗎？

Okay， children， well clear up the room now. 好啦，孩子們，咱們現(xiàn)在打掃房間吧。

（2） （天氣） 轉(zhuǎn)晴

It is raining now， but I think it will clear up soon. 現(xiàn)在還在下雨，不過我想很快就會(huì)放晴。

Its very likely to clear up by and by. 很可能不久就要放晴了。

（3） 消除

We must multiply our efforts to clear up the mystery. 我們必須加倍努力來澄清這一神秘的事件。

clear up a misunderstanding 解除誤會(huì)

[拓展] clear away 收拾干凈（餐具）;掃除;消散;clear off清理;清算（債務(wù)）;（使） 離開;clear out 清除;使耗盡全部錢財(cái);售出存貨

The football match came to an end，and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground. 足球賽結(jié)束了，人群很快從球場散去。

Go into the field and clear those boys off. 到田里去，把那些男孩趕走。

Clear out things in this cupboard，please. 請把這個(gè)碗櫥里的東西都清除掉。

Unit 2

一、重點(diǎn)詞匯

1. determined adj. 堅(jiān)決的， 毅然的， 確定的

strictly determined 嚴(yán)格確定的;in a determined manner 決然

[拓展] be determined to do sth.

I am determined to pay him 100 dollars. 我決心付給他100美元。

The government is determined to combat international terrorism. 政府決定同國際恐怖主義作斗爭。

注意：determine vt. 決心

He determined to form a club. 他決心成立一個(gè)俱樂部。

The court determined that the man was guilty of assault. 法庭裁定那個(gè)人犯了侵犯人身罪。

2. rot vi. （rotted， rotting）

腐爛 [敗];墮落，/（在獄中等）消瘦，憔悴/[俚] [用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)] 開玩笑;講挖苦話

The ripe fruit began to rot when no one came to pick it. 沒有人來摘這些成熟的水果，它們已經(jīng)開始爛了。

He was only rotting. 他不過是開玩笑。

[拓展] 習(xí)慣用語

dry rot （植物）枯萎 （社會(huì)）內(nèi)部腐敗;Rot it！ 該死！ 糟糕！ talk rot 胡說八道，胡話

The rot sets in. 事情節(jié)節(jié)失利;倒霉的事情不斷發(fā)生。

a tree full of rot 一棵朽樹，胡說;荒唐的想法;Dont talk rot！ 別胡說！

3. wag vt. （wagged; wagging） 搖，擺動(dòng)

[拓展] 習(xí)慣用語

wag ones finger at 向……搖指頭 （表示責(zé)難， 輕視）;wag ones head 搖頭

The dog was wagging its tail slowly on the hot summer day. 大熱天，狗輕輕搖著尾巴。

My father holds his arms and wags his head in disapproval. 父親抱臂胸前搖頭表示不贊成。

4. land

[拓展] 成功得到，贏得，撈到 （尤指許多人想得到的工作）

Hes just landed a starring role in Spelbergs next movie. 他剛得到一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，在斯皮爾博格執(zhí)導(dǎo)的下一部電影中擔(dān)任主角。

He was lucky to land a good job. 他很幸運(yùn)，找到一份好工作。

vt. 使登陸;使降落;使下車

The pilot landed the helicopter in a rice field. 飛行員將直升飛機(jī)降落在一片稻田里。

vi. 登陸;降落

The airliner landed safely.客機(jī)安全降落。

5. mind n. 思想，心理，心意 vi. / vt. 介意，注意，留心

[拓展] 習(xí)慣用語

make up ones mind 下定決心;absentminded 心不在焉;bear sth. in mind 牢記;weigh on ones mind 把……掛在心頭

She gave him a frown and told him to mind his manners. 她向他皺了皺眉提醒他注意言行。

Did you mind being away from home for so long？ 你介意離家這么久么？

Dont your parents mind you staying out so late？ 你的父母難道不介意你在外面待這么晚么？

6. bond n. 關(guān)系;聯(lián)系

[拓展] 牢固的聯(lián)系：紐帶;聯(lián)系;關(guān)系;契合

A bond of friendship had been formed between them. 他們之間形成了一種友誼的紐帶。

bonds of friendship 友邦

The agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries. 協(xié)議加強(qiáng)了兩國間的聯(lián)系。

the special bond between mother and child 母子間的獨(dú)特關(guān)系

債券;公債;證券

4.5% National Savings bonds 年利四分五厘的國家儲(chǔ)蓄券

v. 粘合These two substances wont bond together. 這兩種東西粘不到一起。

習(xí)慣用語 ones word is （as good as） ones bond 說話有信用

二、重點(diǎn)詞組

1. off the top of ones head 未加思考的，不假思索地，信口地

[拓展] talk off the top of ones head即席發(fā)表談話

I cant tell you the answer off the top of my head.我不經(jīng)考慮無法告訴你答案。

He was famous for being able to answer difficult questions off the top of his head. 他因?yàn)椴患偎妓骶湍芑卮痣y題而有名。

2. have butterflies in ones stomach （做某事前）心慌，緊張

[拓展] have butterflies in ones stomach緊張，忐忑不安

Sam had butterflies in his stomach as he went to the bosss office to ask for a rise. 薩姆到老板辦公室去要求加薪時(shí)，心里十分緊張。

3. make allowance for 考慮

[拓展] 同義詞組： take something into consideration

The plan doesnt take people working on night shifts into consideration. 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃沒有考慮上夜班的人。

4. look somebody in the eye 注視“某人”，直視“某人”

[拓展] The father asked his son to look him in the eye and tell him what had happened. 父親要兒子看著他的眼睛，告訴他發(fā)生什么事了。

5. follow something up 采取后續(xù)行動(dòng)

[拓展] follow up vt. 跟進(jìn)，補(bǔ)充，采取后續(xù)行動(dòng)/窮追（跟蹤，重復(fù)補(bǔ)充，繼承，監(jiān)督，貫徹到底）

Thats an interesting idea， and well certainly follow it up. 那是一個(gè)有意義的想法，我們一定要進(jìn)一步予以研究。

follow up （與with連用）貫徹：to follow up a suggestion 貫徹一項(xiàng)建議

If you do not get any response， you should follow up your fax by giving them a call. 如果發(fā)的傳真沒有得到任何回應(yīng)，你就應(yīng)該打電話跟蹤。

6. give sb. the edge

[點(diǎn)撥] 名詞edge在這里的意思是“微弱的優(yōu)勢”。如：

Physically， the young tennis player had the edge over / on his opponent. 這個(gè)年輕的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在體力上肯定比他的對手略勝一籌。

7. as easy as pie 十分容易

[拓展] 同義詞短語：as easy as ABC / a piece of cake

Its as easy as ABC / a piece of cake for the scientist to solve the maths problem. 對于這位科學(xué)家來說，解這道數(shù)學(xué)題太容易了。

8. in response to 作為對……的回應(yīng)，答復(fù)

[拓展] response是名詞，其動(dòng)詞形式為respond;respond to意為“作為對……的回應(yīng)，答復(fù)”; make a response 意為“作出相應(yīng)，作出回復(fù)”

一句多譯：他對我的建議報(bào)以一笑。

He responded to my suggestion with a laugh.

He laughed in response to my suggestion.

（作者：毛春霞，泰州市第三高級(jí)中學(xué)）