李坤 丁寧 李琳
[摘要] 目的 鑒定已構(gòu)建的干擾人核糖核酸酶抑制因子(hRI)的siRNA表達(dá)載體pKD-dsRI的干擾效果。 方法 用脂質(zhì)體法將所構(gòu)建的pKD-dsRI與充當(dāng)報(bào)告基因的重組綠色熒光蛋白融合hRI的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒載體(pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri)共轉(zhuǎn)染到人宮頸癌HeLa細(xì)胞中。實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)4組:空白細(xì)胞組(未轉(zhuǎn)染組)、pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri轉(zhuǎn)染組(對(duì)照組1)、pKD+pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri共轉(zhuǎn)染組(對(duì)照組2)及pKD-dsRI+pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri共轉(zhuǎn)染組(干擾組)。采用RT-PCR和Western blotting檢測(cè)egfp-hri基因在轉(zhuǎn)錄后基因水平和蛋白質(zhì)水平的表達(dá)。 結(jié)果 干擾組egfp-hri基因的mRNA轉(zhuǎn)錄水平和蛋白表達(dá)水平較對(duì)照組1與對(duì)照組2分別下降了91%、85%和83%、81%(P < 0.05)。 結(jié)論 已成功構(gòu)建了針對(duì)hRI的siRNA表達(dá)載體。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 人核糖核酸酶抑制因子;siRNA;鑒定
[中圖分類號(hào)] R78 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210(2014)09(a)-0008-04
Identification of the effect of siRNA plasmid targeted combination hRI expressed in HeLa cell
LI Kun1 DING Ning1 LI Lin2
1.Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Medical College of Dalian University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116021, China; 2.Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Dalian, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116021, China
[Abstract] Objective To identify the silencing effect on human HeLa cells of a siRNA plasmid pKD-dsRI targeting the gene of human ribonuclease inhibitor (hRI), which is capable of expression in mammalian cells. Methods The vector of pKD-dsRI was co-transfected into HeLa cells with the reporter plasmid of pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri (transfection group), using the cells transfected with the reporter plasmid of pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri (control group 1), empty plasmid of pKD together with pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri (control group 2), and those untransfected (no transfection group) as controls. The silencing effect was determined by RT-PCR, and the expression level of egfp-hri protein was determined by Western blotting respectively. Results The transcription level of the egfp-hri fusion gene in cells co-transfected with pKD-dsRI and reporter plasmid decreased by 91% and 85%, while the expression level of the egfp-hri fusion gene decreased by 83% and 81%, as compared with control group 1 and control group 2 respectively (each P < 0.05). Conclusion The plasmid of siRNA targeting hRI is successfully constructed and the protein of hRI can be inhibited in cytomatrix of HeLa cells correctly.
[Key words] Human ribonuclease inhibitor; siRNA; Identification
惡性腫瘤一直是嚴(yán)重威脅人類健康的重大疾病之一。目前其臨床治療仍以傳統(tǒng)的手術(shù)、放、化療為主,具有很多缺點(diǎn),如術(shù)后易復(fù)發(fā)、患者痛苦大、生存質(zhì)量差、生存期短等。尋找和發(fā)現(xiàn)治療腫瘤的新方法和新途徑仍是當(dāng)今醫(yī)學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。目前研究認(rèn)為,實(shí)體瘤的生長(zhǎng)依賴于新血管生成[1],可以通過(guò)抑制腫瘤血管生成達(dá)到抗腫瘤作用,因而近年來(lái)正成為腫瘤治療研究的熱點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。核糖核酸酶抑制因子(ribonuclease Inhibitor,RI)是廣泛存在于哺乳動(dòng)物細(xì)胞漿內(nèi)的酸性糖蛋白,能通過(guò)與血管形成因子(Angiogenin,Ang)緊密結(jié)合而抑制其活性[2],進(jìn)而抑制實(shí)體瘤血管的形成,從而抑制腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)。因而RI可能為具有抗腫瘤血管活性的腫瘤抑制基因,有望應(yīng)用于腫瘤的基因治療中。為了進(jìn)一步探討RI的抗腫瘤機(jī)制,筆者構(gòu)建了針對(duì)人核糖核酸酶抑制因子(hRI)基因的siRNA載體pKD-dsRI[3]。
為了驗(yàn)證該載體的干擾效果,本實(shí)驗(yàn)用重組綠色熒光蛋白融合hRI的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒載體pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri充當(dāng)報(bào)告基因,將siRNA載體pKD-dsRI與報(bào)告載體共轉(zhuǎn)染到人宮頸癌細(xì)胞HeLa中,驗(yàn)證siRNA表達(dá)載體的干擾效果。
1 材料與方法
1.1 材料
人宮頸癌細(xì)胞HeLa由大連大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)教研室(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“本室”)保存;含H1啟動(dòng)子的針對(duì)hRI的siRNA表達(dá)載體pKD-dsRI由本室構(gòu)建(圖1)。
圖1 siRNA表達(dá)載體pKD-dsRI
1.2 試劑
DL2000 DNA Marker、質(zhì)粒提取試劑盒、DEPC H2O購(gòu)自寶生物工程(大連)有限公司;梭華-SofastR基因轉(zhuǎn)染試劑購(gòu)自廈門太陽(yáng)馬生物工程有限公司;RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基、胰蛋白酶、Trizol購(gòu)于Gibco公司;胎牛血清購(gòu)自杭州四季青血清生物制品有限公司;PVDF(聚偏二氟乙烯)膜購(gòu)Biosciences;RT-PCR kit、ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光顯色試劑盒購(gòu)自Sigma公司;兔抗人核糖核酸酶抑制因子抗體由本室制備;RIPA蛋白裂解液購(gòu)自KEYGEN生物;其他實(shí)驗(yàn)中所用的酚、氯仿、異丙醇等試劑均為分析純。
1.3 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)與轉(zhuǎn)染
人宮頸癌細(xì)胞HeLa細(xì)胞在含10%胎牛血清、雙抗(青霉素100 μ/mL,鏈霉素100 μg/mL)的RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基于5%的CO2、37℃、90%濕度條件下培養(yǎng)。取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞按0.5×105~2.0×105/mL鋪板于24孔板中,至細(xì)胞達(dá)到80%匯片時(shí)用梭華-SofastR轉(zhuǎn)染試劑進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染。分為四組:空白對(duì)照組(未轉(zhuǎn)染組)、pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri轉(zhuǎn)染組(對(duì)照組1)、pKD+pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri共轉(zhuǎn)染組(對(duì)照組2)、pKD-dsRI+pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri共轉(zhuǎn)染組(干擾組),每組3復(fù)孔。每組質(zhì)粒共用0.8 μg、脂質(zhì)體2 μL,共轉(zhuǎn)染組用pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri 0.2 μg、pKD-dsRI 0.6 μg或pKD 0.6 μg。轉(zhuǎn)染后48~72 h收獲細(xì)胞。
1.4 轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞中RI基因mRNA轉(zhuǎn)錄水平的檢測(cè)
轉(zhuǎn)染24 h后,收獲細(xì)胞。采用Trizol試劑提取各組細(xì)胞的總RNA。使用RT-PCR試劑盒按照兩步法進(jìn)行RT-PCR反應(yīng)。以總RNA逆轉(zhuǎn)錄合成的cDNA為模板進(jìn)行PCR反應(yīng)。ri基因上游引物:5'-gacatccagtgtgaggagctgagcg-3',下游引物:5'-ccagcctcattgatgtcgttgttgc-3',擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物約為527 bp;用于檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染效果的pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri質(zhì)粒引物是上游引物:5'-tgatgtcgttgttgctaaccgtgag-3',下游引物:5'-actctcggcatggacgagctgtac-3',上游引物位于載體pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri的egfp基因閱讀框的No.697 bp,下游引物位于載體pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri的MCS的下游位置,擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物為583 bp;內(nèi)參β-actin 的上游引物:5'-gctgtccctgtacgcctctg-3',下游引物:5'-tgccgatggtgatgacctgg-3',擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物約為300 bp。反應(yīng)條件為:94℃ 2 min,94℃ 30 s,55℃ 30 s,72℃ 4 min,循環(huán)25次,72℃ 4 min。PCR產(chǎn)物由Bio-Rad凝膠成像儀攝取凝膠圖像,用Image LabTM軟件對(duì)各個(gè)條帶測(cè)定其面積及灰度值。用目的蛋白條帶灰度值與β-actin條帶灰度值的比值表示目的蛋白的相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度。干擾率=相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度空載體組-相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度干擾組/相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度空載體組。
1.5 Western-blotting法檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞中RI蛋白表達(dá)水平
轉(zhuǎn)染72 h后,收獲細(xì)胞。用含1 mmol/L PMSF的RIPA蛋白裂解液提取各組細(xì)胞總蛋白,取60 μg,經(jīng)10%SDS-PAGE電泳后,電轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)至PVDF膜,用5%脫脂奶粉37℃封閉過(guò)夜。加入RI一抗100 g/mL(1∶1000稀釋)過(guò)夜;再用HRP標(biāo)記的二抗IgG(1∶2000稀釋)室溫反應(yīng)1 h,用ECL發(fā)光試劑盒反應(yīng)液發(fā)光,曝光時(shí)間為30 s~5 min。由Bio-Rad 凝膠成像儀攝取凝膠圖像,用Image LAbTM軟件進(jìn)行定量分析。
1.6 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 11.5統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)量資料數(shù)據(jù)用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,多組間比較采用單因素方差分析,組間兩兩比較采用LSD-t檢驗(yàn),以P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 RT-PCR檢測(cè)hri基因在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平上的表達(dá)
RT-PCR半定量分析顯示,未轉(zhuǎn)染組細(xì)胞的RT-PCR產(chǎn)物在527 bp和300 bp處可見(jiàn)RI基因和內(nèi)參β-actin基因條帶,RI基因相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度為(0.89±0.05);對(duì)照組1和對(duì)照組2的RT-PCR產(chǎn)物在583 bp和300 bp處均可見(jiàn)egfi-hri基因和內(nèi)參基因條帶,egfi-hri基因相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度分別為(1.69±0.32)和(1.03±0.09);干擾組中egfi-hri基因相對(duì)表達(dá)強(qiáng)度為(0.15±0.04),與對(duì)照組1和對(duì)照組2相比,分別下降了91%和85%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。
3 討論
作為體內(nèi)重要的調(diào)節(jié)分子,hRI具有多方面的功能[4-7],這是由其特殊氨基酸序列及結(jié)構(gòu)決定的,其一級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)含有大量的亮氨酸和還原型半胱氨酸,空間結(jié)構(gòu)呈馬蹄形,由富含亮氨酸殘基重復(fù)區(qū)(leucin-rich reapeat,LRR)的α/β螺旋折疊結(jié)構(gòu)多次重復(fù)構(gòu)成[8-11]。目前研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在血小板糖蛋白Ib的α-亞基、人血清富含亮氨酸的α2-糖蛋白、酵母腺氨酸環(huán)化酶、果蠅的chaoptin和果蠅Toll蛋白等多種蛋白中廣泛存在LRR結(jié)構(gòu)域,且相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明LRR結(jié)構(gòu)域與膜和蛋白質(zhì)、蛋白質(zhì)和蛋白質(zhì)的相互作用有關(guān)[12]。另一方面國(guó)內(nèi)外研究認(rèn)為,RI在正常細(xì)胞內(nèi),作為RNase抑制劑(Ki=4.0×10-14 mol/L),能夠保護(hù)mRNA和rRNA,使蛋白質(zhì)合成旺盛;作為血管生長(zhǎng)因子抑制劑(Ki=7.1×10-16 mol/L),RI可以抑制腫瘤血管的形成[13-15,16-17]。此外,發(fā)現(xiàn)RI還具有抗機(jī)體氧化損傷的功能[18-19]。綜上所述,筆者認(rèn)為RI具抗腫瘤作用,可能為腫瘤抑制因子。
為證實(shí)這一推論,筆者構(gòu)建了針對(duì)hri的siRNA瞬時(shí)載體pKD-dsRI介導(dǎo)hri基因的沉默。該載體是在H1啟動(dòng)子(RNA polⅢ)的作用下,產(chǎn)生發(fā)夾樣RNA(short hairpin RNA,shRNA)使得hri基因表達(dá)沉默或下調(diào)。本研究將構(gòu)建的pKD-dsRI與載體pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri(綠色熒光蛋白融合hri基因載體)二者共轉(zhuǎn)染到HeLa細(xì)胞中,以便于檢測(cè)干擾效果。通過(guò)RT-PCR和Western blotting檢測(cè)egfp-hri基因在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平和蛋白質(zhì)水平下的表達(dá)變化。RT-PCR和Western blotting結(jié)果證明,hri基因被干涉,干擾效果達(dá)到80%,從而說(shuō)明干擾hri基因的siRNA載體構(gòu)建成功。
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(收稿日期:2014-05-15 本文編輯:程 銘)
為證實(shí)這一推論,筆者構(gòu)建了針對(duì)hri的siRNA瞬時(shí)載體pKD-dsRI介導(dǎo)hri基因的沉默。該載體是在H1啟動(dòng)子(RNA polⅢ)的作用下,產(chǎn)生發(fā)夾樣RNA(short hairpin RNA,shRNA)使得hri基因表達(dá)沉默或下調(diào)。本研究將構(gòu)建的pKD-dsRI與載體pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri(綠色熒光蛋白融合hri基因載體)二者共轉(zhuǎn)染到HeLa細(xì)胞中,以便于檢測(cè)干擾效果。通過(guò)RT-PCR和Western blotting檢測(cè)egfp-hri基因在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平和蛋白質(zhì)水平下的表達(dá)變化。RT-PCR和Western blotting結(jié)果證明,hri基因被干涉,干擾效果達(dá)到80%,從而說(shuō)明干擾hri基因的siRNA載體構(gòu)建成功。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] Muramatsu M,Yamamoto S,Osawa T,et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signaling promotes mobilization of macrophage lineage cells from bone marrow and stimulates solid tumor growth [J]. Cancer Res,2010,70(20):8211-8221.
[2] Dickson. Ribonuclease inhibitor regulates neovascularization by human angiogenin [J]. Biochemi-stry,2009,48(18):3804-3806.
[3] 李坤,田余祥,陳海波,等.重組人核糖核酸酶抑制因子基因的siRNA表達(dá)載體的構(gòu)建及B16細(xì)胞中基因沉默的鑒定[J].應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào),2007,13(4):519-522.
[4] Spencer JD,Schwaderer AL,Eichler T,et al. An endogenous ribonuclease inhibitor regulates the antimicrobial activity of ribonuclease 7 in the human urinary tract [J]. Kidney Int,2014,85(5):1179-1191.
[5] Yao X,Li D,Xiong DM,et al. A novel role of?ribonuclease inhibitor in regulation ofepithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells [J]. Cell Tissue Res,2013,353(3):409-423.
[6] Kim YJ,Park SJ,Choi EY,et al. PTEN modulates miR-21 processing via RNA-regulatory protein RNH1 [J]. PloS One,2011,6(12):e28308.
[7] Furia A,Moscato M,Cali G,et al. The ribonuclease/angiogenin inhibitor is also present in mitochondria and nuclei[J]. FEBS Lett,2011,585:613-617.
[8] Jan H,Brigitte K,Renate M,et al. Amino acid sequence of the ribonuclease inhibitor from porcine liver reveals the presence of Leucine-Rich Repeats [J]. Biochemistry,1988, 27(23):8537-8544.
[9] Hutvagner G,Zamore PD. RNAi:nature abhorsa double-strand [J]. Curr Opin Genetics & Development,2002,12:225-227.
[10] Jo E,Lomax,Christopher M,et al. Functional evolution of ribonuclease inhibitor:insights from birds and reptiles [J]. Journal of Molecular Biology,2014,15:281-287.
[11] Teplova M,Wohlbold L,Khin NW,et al. Structure-function studies of cleocytoplasmic transport of retroviral genomic RNA by mRNA export factor TAP [J]. Nat Struct Mol Biol,2011,18: 990-998.
[12] Frank S,Edward A,Hai-Meng Z,et al. Primary structure of human ribonuclease inhibitor [J]. Biochemistry,1988, 27(23):8545-8553.
[13] Shapiro R. Cytoplasmic ribonuclease inhibitor [J]. Methods Enzymol,2001,341:611-628.
[14] 潘冬寧,傅攀峰,王紅,等.核糖核酸酶抑制因子對(duì)H2O2損傷的大鼠神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤細(xì)胞系C6的影響[J].中國(guó)生物化學(xué)及分子生物學(xué)報(bào),2002,18(6):767-771.
[15] Giuseppe,D'Alessio. Ribonucleases:Structures and Functions [M]. New York:Academic Press,1997:621-658.
[16] Botella-Estrada R,Malet G,Revert F,et al. Antitumor effect of B16 melanoma cells genetically modified with the angiogenesis inhibitor rnasin [J]. Cancer Gene Ther,2001,8:278-284.
[17] Li L,Pan XY,Shu J,et al. Ribonuclease inhibitor up-regulation inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in murine melanoma cells through repression of angiogenin and ILK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway [J]. Biochimie,2014, 103:89-100.
[18] Yao X,Li D,Xiong DM,et al. A novel role of ribonuclease inhibitor in regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells [J]. Cell Tissue Res,2013,353(3):409-423.
[19] Moreno ML,Escobar J,Izquierdo-lvarez A,et al. Disulfide stress:a novel type of oxidative stress in acute pancreatictis [J]. Free Radic Biol Med,2014,70:265-277.
(收稿日期:2014-05-15 本文編輯:程 銘)
為證實(shí)這一推論,筆者構(gòu)建了針對(duì)hri的siRNA瞬時(shí)載體pKD-dsRI介導(dǎo)hri基因的沉默。該載體是在H1啟動(dòng)子(RNA polⅢ)的作用下,產(chǎn)生發(fā)夾樣RNA(short hairpin RNA,shRNA)使得hri基因表達(dá)沉默或下調(diào)。本研究將構(gòu)建的pKD-dsRI與載體pLNCX-EGFP-C1-hri(綠色熒光蛋白融合hri基因載體)二者共轉(zhuǎn)染到HeLa細(xì)胞中,以便于檢測(cè)干擾效果。通過(guò)RT-PCR和Western blotting檢測(cè)egfp-hri基因在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平和蛋白質(zhì)水平下的表達(dá)變化。RT-PCR和Western blotting結(jié)果證明,hri基因被干涉,干擾效果達(dá)到80%,從而說(shuō)明干擾hri基因的siRNA載體構(gòu)建成功。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1] Muramatsu M,Yamamoto S,Osawa T,et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signaling promotes mobilization of macrophage lineage cells from bone marrow and stimulates solid tumor growth [J]. Cancer Res,2010,70(20):8211-8221.
[2] Dickson. Ribonuclease inhibitor regulates neovascularization by human angiogenin [J]. Biochemi-stry,2009,48(18):3804-3806.
[3] 李坤,田余祥,陳海波,等.重組人核糖核酸酶抑制因子基因的siRNA表達(dá)載體的構(gòu)建及B16細(xì)胞中基因沉默的鑒定[J].應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào),2007,13(4):519-522.
[4] Spencer JD,Schwaderer AL,Eichler T,et al. An endogenous ribonuclease inhibitor regulates the antimicrobial activity of ribonuclease 7 in the human urinary tract [J]. Kidney Int,2014,85(5):1179-1191.
[5] Yao X,Li D,Xiong DM,et al. A novel role of?ribonuclease inhibitor in regulation ofepithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells [J]. Cell Tissue Res,2013,353(3):409-423.
[6] Kim YJ,Park SJ,Choi EY,et al. PTEN modulates miR-21 processing via RNA-regulatory protein RNH1 [J]. PloS One,2011,6(12):e28308.
[7] Furia A,Moscato M,Cali G,et al. The ribonuclease/angiogenin inhibitor is also present in mitochondria and nuclei[J]. FEBS Lett,2011,585:613-617.
[8] Jan H,Brigitte K,Renate M,et al. Amino acid sequence of the ribonuclease inhibitor from porcine liver reveals the presence of Leucine-Rich Repeats [J]. Biochemistry,1988, 27(23):8537-8544.
[9] Hutvagner G,Zamore PD. RNAi:nature abhorsa double-strand [J]. Curr Opin Genetics & Development,2002,12:225-227.
[10] Jo E,Lomax,Christopher M,et al. Functional evolution of ribonuclease inhibitor:insights from birds and reptiles [J]. Journal of Molecular Biology,2014,15:281-287.
[11] Teplova M,Wohlbold L,Khin NW,et al. Structure-function studies of cleocytoplasmic transport of retroviral genomic RNA by mRNA export factor TAP [J]. Nat Struct Mol Biol,2011,18: 990-998.
[12] Frank S,Edward A,Hai-Meng Z,et al. Primary structure of human ribonuclease inhibitor [J]. Biochemistry,1988, 27(23):8545-8553.
[13] Shapiro R. Cytoplasmic ribonuclease inhibitor [J]. Methods Enzymol,2001,341:611-628.
[14] 潘冬寧,傅攀峰,王紅,等.核糖核酸酶抑制因子對(duì)H2O2損傷的大鼠神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤細(xì)胞系C6的影響[J].中國(guó)生物化學(xué)及分子生物學(xué)報(bào),2002,18(6):767-771.
[15] Giuseppe,D'Alessio. Ribonucleases:Structures and Functions [M]. New York:Academic Press,1997:621-658.
[16] Botella-Estrada R,Malet G,Revert F,et al. Antitumor effect of B16 melanoma cells genetically modified with the angiogenesis inhibitor rnasin [J]. Cancer Gene Ther,2001,8:278-284.
[17] Li L,Pan XY,Shu J,et al. Ribonuclease inhibitor up-regulation inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in murine melanoma cells through repression of angiogenin and ILK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway [J]. Biochimie,2014, 103:89-100.
[18] Yao X,Li D,Xiong DM,et al. A novel role of ribonuclease inhibitor in regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells [J]. Cell Tissue Res,2013,353(3):409-423.
[19] Moreno ML,Escobar J,Izquierdo-lvarez A,et al. Disulfide stress:a novel type of oxidative stress in acute pancreatictis [J]. Free Radic Biol Med,2014,70:265-277.
(收稿日期:2014-05-15 本文編輯:程 銘)