摘要:目的 觀察非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮治療早產(chǎn)兒喂養(yǎng)不耐受的療效。方法 選擇80例早產(chǎn)兒隨機(jī)分為治療組和對(duì)照組,治療組在常規(guī)治療的基礎(chǔ)上加用非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮治療,對(duì)照組采用常規(guī)治療方法,觀察兩組發(fā)生喂養(yǎng)不耐受的情況,并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)比較。結(jié)果 治療組不耐受例數(shù)明顯低于對(duì)照組(P<0.01),體重增長(zhǎng)、自行吸吮喂養(yǎng)時(shí)間好于對(duì)照組。結(jié)論 非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮治療是防治早產(chǎn)兒喂養(yǎng)不耐受的有效措施,且無(wú)副作用,簡(jiǎn)單易行。
關(guān)鍵詞:早產(chǎn)兒;喂養(yǎng)不耐受;防治;非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮
Application of Non Nutritive Sucking on Feeding Intolerance in Preterm Infants
WANG Lei,SHAO Hui-ming,WEI Tao
(Chongzhou City People's Hospital,Chongzhou 611230,Sichuan,China)
Abstract:Objective To observe the curative effect of non nutritive sucking onfeeding intolerance in preterm infants. Methods 80 cases of premature infants were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, the treatment group on the basis of conventional therapy plus treatment with non nutritive sucking, the control group was given conventional treatment, observation group 2 incidence of feeding intolerance, and statistical comparison. Results The treatment group intolerance were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.01), weight gain, self sucking feeding time is better than the control group.Conclusion Non nutritive sucking treatment is the effective prevention and control measures of feeding intolerance in preterm infants, and no side effect,simple and easy.
Key words:Premature infants;Feeding intolerance; Prevention; Non nutritive sucking
新生兒喂養(yǎng)不耐受在早產(chǎn)兒多見,近年來(lái),隨著醫(yī)學(xué)水平的提高,早產(chǎn)兒存活率越來(lái)越高,在臨床護(hù)理中應(yīng)高度重視早產(chǎn)兒的喂養(yǎng)問(wèn)題。我科2013年11月~2014年5月在鼻胃管注奶及靜脈營(yíng)養(yǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上,輔以非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮防治早產(chǎn)兒喂養(yǎng)不耐受,使早產(chǎn)兒早日由腸道外營(yíng)養(yǎng)過(guò)渡至全胃腸道喂養(yǎng),取得顯著效果?,F(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1一般資料 選擇2010年11月~2014年5月在我科住院的早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒80例,隨機(jī)分為治療組(常規(guī)治療輔以非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮)和對(duì)照組(常規(guī)治療)各40例,見表1。
x
3 討論
早產(chǎn)兒消化系統(tǒng)發(fā)育不成熟,嘔吐、腹脹、喂養(yǎng)困難、胃潴留、腹瀉等為喂養(yǎng)不耐受的主要表現(xiàn)[4],早產(chǎn)兒吸吮、吞咽及協(xié)調(diào)功能差,胃排空能力差,經(jīng)口喂養(yǎng)困難,較易發(fā)生喂養(yǎng)不耐受。以往采用鼻胃管喂養(yǎng),其為一非生理過(guò)程,使早產(chǎn)兒不能通過(guò)口腔的吸吮活動(dòng)來(lái)完成一系列胃腸道生理過(guò)程。非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮能幫助早產(chǎn)兒建立有節(jié)奏的吸吮和吞咽模式,促進(jìn)胃腸道發(fā)育成熟,促進(jìn)胃腸蠕動(dòng),促進(jìn)胃排空,減少喂養(yǎng)不耐受;已有研究證實(shí)非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮能夠促進(jìn)新生兒胃腸激素的分泌和增加胃腸動(dòng)力,對(duì)新生兒消化道的成熟起正性促進(jìn)作用。因而非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性吸吮可促進(jìn)早產(chǎn)兒胃腸道發(fā)育成熟,減少可能發(fā)生的喂養(yǎng)問(wèn)題,能提高吸吮、吞咽功能的協(xié)調(diào)性,改善早產(chǎn)兒喂養(yǎng)不耐受,且簡(jiǎn)單易行,值得推廣。
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