摘要:目的 探討器械優(yōu)效的清洗方法。方法 改進(jìn)醫(yī)療器械清洗制度和流程,將26套共1056件器械分成2組各528件,分別接受簡(jiǎn)單沖洗直接機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲與手工預(yù)洗后機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲,評(píng)價(jià)清洗合格率進(jìn)行對(duì)比。結(jié)果 A組流動(dòng)水沖洗后機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲合格465件,不合格63件,合格率88%;B 組手工預(yù)洗后機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲合格519件,不合格9件,合格率98%;B組效果優(yōu)于A組。結(jié)論 手工預(yù)洗后機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲清洗效果明顯優(yōu)于簡(jiǎn)單沖洗直接機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲。規(guī)范的器械清洗制度、高素質(zhì)操作人員、優(yōu)效的清洗方法和流程、合適清洗劑的選擇,手工清洗與機(jī)械清洗有機(jī)結(jié)合,是提高清洗質(zhì)量的重要手段。
關(guān)鍵詞:醫(yī)療器械;清洗方法;對(duì)比研究
Comparative Research on the Methods of Cleaning Equipment
WU Hong
(Supply Room,Anyang City Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Anyang 455000,Henan,China)
Abstract:Objective To explore the method and effect of cleaning equipment. Methods The improvement of medical instrument cleaning system and process, 26 sets of a total of 1056 pieces of equipment is divided into 2 groups of 528 each, were treated with simple flush directly machine washable enzyme Bubble + ultrasound and manual pre washed wash enzyme Bubble + ultrasonic cleaning, assessment of qualified rate comparison. Results In A group, after washing machine washing flow water enzyme Bubble + ultrasonic 465 samples qualified, unqualified 63, qualified rate 88%;group B manual pre washed wash enzyme Bubble + ultrasonic 519 samples qualified, not qualified 9, the passing rate of 98%; B group is better than that of A group. Conclusion The manual pre washed wash enzyme Bubble + effect of ultrasonic cleaning is better than simple flush directly machine washable enzyme Bubble + ultrasonic. Standard equipment cleaning system, high-quality personnel, effective cleaning method and process, a suitable cleaning agent of choice, manual washing and mechanical cleaning organic combination, is an important means to improve the cleaning quality.
Key words:Medical instrument; Cleaning method; Comparative study
為確保滅菌成功,保證手術(shù)安全,特對(duì)器械清洗方法進(jìn)行探討。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料 器械26套,包括普外器械、兒科器械、婦產(chǎn)科門(mén)診病房器械。
1.2方法 器械清洗和保養(yǎng)操作流程,回收、清點(diǎn)、核查、分類、清洗、質(zhì)檢包裝、滅菌、儲(chǔ)存、發(fā)放使用、器械清洗。將26套器械分2組,各13套528件,A組流動(dòng)水沖洗后機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲,B組手工預(yù)洗后機(jī)洗酶泡+超聲。漂洗、純水煮沸消毒、干燥進(jìn)行質(zhì)檢。
1.3清洗效果評(píng)價(jià) 采用目測(cè)或帶光源放大鏡對(duì)器械潔凈度進(jìn)行檢查。
1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)分析 運(yùn)用表格記錄,對(duì)器械清洗合格情況進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。
2結(jié)果
B組效果優(yōu)于A組。見(jiàn)表1。
3討論
規(guī)范器械清洗制度。任何制度和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都需要從業(yè)人員來(lái)實(shí)施,無(wú)論手工清洗還是機(jī)械清洗,操作人員是主體,其專業(yè)技能和工作態(tài)度將決定器械的清洗效果。我院對(duì)操作人員進(jìn)行了充分培訓(xùn)和嚴(yán)格考核,提高了這個(gè)群體的工作效率和質(zhì)量,確保了制度的有效落實(shí),使器械清洗質(zhì)量得到充分保障。選擇有效的清洗方法和流程,預(yù)處理可使合并處理器械,在器械材質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)、清潔度、溫度等方面達(dá)到一致性,利于針對(duì)不同特點(diǎn),采取各自清洗方法,提高清潔效率,避免器械損傷。多酶清潔劑可有效松解去除粘附在醫(yī)療器械上的蛋白粘多糖、脂肪、碳水化合物,增加清洗時(shí)去除物體表面微生物的能力,降低物體生物負(fù)荷。
手工和機(jī)械清洗的有機(jī)結(jié)合。機(jī)械清洗省時(shí)省力,但是達(dá)不到理想的清洗效果,特別是有機(jī)物污染較嚴(yán)重的器械,A組:流動(dòng)水沖洗后,機(jī)械清洗仍可粘附有機(jī)物;B組:對(duì)污染較重器械,手工預(yù)清洗后,清洗效果優(yōu)于A組。這提供了手工預(yù)洗的必要性,手工、機(jī)械清洗有機(jī)結(jié)合,方可最大提高清洗質(zhì)量。器械清洗質(zhì)量是消毒滅菌質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵,提高清洗質(zhì)量,才能確保器械無(wú)菌、無(wú)致熱源,是控制院感的重要途徑之一。規(guī)范的工作制度、高素質(zhì)操作人員,合適的清洗劑,手工、機(jī)械有機(jī)結(jié)合,在器械清洗質(zhì)量中發(fā)揮重要作用,提高清洗質(zhì)量,需要我們?cè)谂R床工作中充分落實(shí),并不斷探討更多更好的方法,更完善的制度流程。
綜上所述,手術(shù)器械在使用后進(jìn)行徹底清潔處理及保養(yǎng),去除器械表面的有機(jī)物、細(xì)菌與熱原是預(yù)防控制院內(nèi)感染、保證醫(yī)療質(zhì)量安全的重要環(huán)節(jié),是物品最終達(dá)到滅菌的必要條件。同時(shí)又確保了手術(shù)器械的良好性能,提高工作效率。因此,強(qiáng)調(diào)消毒、滅菌程序前的清洗過(guò)程和清洗之后的保養(yǎng)則顯得尤為重要。
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